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  1. 26 Archives of Foundry Engineering
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  1. 6 Wrona R.
  2. 6 Ziółkowski E.
  3. 4 Smyksy K.
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  5. 3 Perzyk M.
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1
Content available Properties of Bentonites and Bentonite Mixtures used in Casting Processes
Paź S., Drożyński D., Górny M., Cukrowicz S.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2019
|
iss. 2
35--40
EN
In this work, an assessment and comparison of the quality of selected bentonites and bentonite mixtures was made. The samples consisted of available foundry materials used for bonding green sands. Determining the homogeneity degree and specific surface area of the grains allowed us to compare the examined materials and determine their influence on other parameters. On the basis of a thermal analysis of the bentonites or bentonite mixtures, the changes occurring in the sample during its heating were determined. Determining the potential for ion exchange and montmorillonite content enabled us to assess the binding properties of the materials. The preparation of six green sands with different bentonites or bentonite mixtures gave us the opportunity to assess the changes in apparent density, permeability, compressive strength and friability as a function of humidity, and the impact of different materials on the mentioned parameters. Their charts were analyzed, and the molding sand with the addition of bentonite or a bentonite mixture was selected for which these parameters are favorable. On this basis, the best-presented binding material was assessed and selected.
2
Content available Contribution to the Assessment of the Data Acquisition Effectiveness in the Aspect of Gas Porosity Defects Prediction in Ductile Cast Iron Castings
Ignaszak Z., Sika R., Rogalewicz M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2018
|
Vol. 18, iss. 1
35--40
EN
The article presents an example of analysis of the influence of selected parameters deriving from data acquisition in foundries on the occurrence of Gas porosity defects (detected by Visual testing) in castings of ductile cast iron. The possibilities as well as related effectiveness of prediction of this kind of defects were assessed. The need to rationally limit the number of possible parameters affecting this kind of porosity was indicated. Authors also benefited from expert group's expertise in evaluating possible causes associated with the creation of the aforementioned defect. A ranking of these parameters was created and their impact on the occurrence of the defect was determined. The classic statistical tools were used. The possibility of unexpected links between parameters in case of uncritical use of these typical statistical tools was indicated. It was emphasized also that the acquisition realized in production conditions must be subject to a specific procedure ordering chronology and frequency of data measurements as well improving the casting quality control. Failure to meet these conditions will significantly affect the difficulties in implementing and correcting analysis results, from which INput/OUTput data is expected to be the basis for modelling for quality control.
3
Content available Some Similarities / Differences between Steel Static and Virtual Brass Static Casting
Kwapisiński P., Ivanova A. A., Kania B., Wołczyński W.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2017
|
Vol. 17, iss. 1
109--114
EN
An innovative method for determining the structural zones in the large static steel ingots has been described. It is based on the mathematical interpretation of some functions obtained due to simulation of temperature field and thermal gradient field for solidifying massive ingot. The method is associated with the extrema of an analyzed function and with its points of inflection. Particularly, the CET transformation is predicted as a time-consuming transition from the columnar- into equiaxed structure. The equations dealing with heat transfer balance for the continuous casting are presented and used for the simulation of temperature field in the solidifying virtual static brass ingot. The developed method for the prediction of structural zones formation is applied to determine these zones in the solidifying brass static ingot. Some differences / similarities between structure formation during solidification of the steel static ingot and virtual brass static ingot are studied. The developed method allows to predict the following structural zones: fine columnar grains zone, (FC), columnar grains zone, (C), equiaxed grains zone, (E). The FCCT-transformation and CET-transformation are forecast as sharp transitions of the analyzed structures. Similarities between steel static ingot morphology and that predicted for the virtual brass static ingot are described.
4
Content available Role of the Structural and Thermal Peclet Numbers in the Brass Continuous Casting
Kwapisiński P., Lipnicki Z., Ivanova A. A., Wołczyński W.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2017
|
Vol. 17, iss. 2
49--54
EN
The Structural Peclet Number has been estimated experimentally by analyzing the morphology of the continuously cast brass ingots. It allowed to adapt a proper development of the Ivantsov’s series in order to formulate the Growth Law for the columnar structure formation in the brass ingots solidified in stationary condition. Simultaneously, the Thermal Peclet Number together with the Biot, Stefan, and Fourier Numbers is used in the model describing the heat transfer connected with the so-called contact layer (air gap between an ingot and crystallizer). It lead to define the shape and position of the s/l interface in the brass ingot subjected to the vertical continuous displacement within the crystallizer (in gravity). Particularly, a comparison of the shape of the simulated s/l interface at the axis of the continuously cast brass ingot with the real shape revealed at the ingot axis is delivered. Structural zones in the continuously cast brass ingot are revealed: FC – fine columnar grains, C – columnar grains, E – equiaxed grains, SC – single crystal situated axially.
5
Content available Selected Aspects of Nitrogen Refinement of Silumin 226
Szymczak T., Gumienny G., Pacyniak T.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2014
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Vol. 14, iss. 3
99--102
EN
The work presents the results of the investigations of the effect of the nitrogen (N2) refining time „traf” and the gas output on the course of the crystallization process, the microstructure and the gassing degree of silumin 226 used for pressure casting. The refinement of the examined silumin was performed with the use of a device with a rotating head. The crystallization process was examined by way of thermal analysis and derivative analysis TDA. The performed examinations showed that the prolongation of the N2 refining time causes a significant rise of the temperature of the crystallization end of the silumin, „tL”, as well as a decrease of its gassing degree, „Z”. An increase of the nitrogen output initially causes an increase of the temperature „tL” and a drop of the gassing degree „Z”, which reach their maximal values with the output of 20 dm3/min. Further increase of the output causes a decrease of the value „tL” and an increase of „Z”. The examined technological factors of the refining process did not cause any significant changes in the microstructure of silumin 226.
6
Content available Advanced methods of foundry processes control
Perzyk M., Kozlowski J., Wislocki M.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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2013
|
Vol. 58, iss. 3
899--902
EN
The paper discusses two main approaches utilized in contemporary industry to control of discrete and continuous manufacturing processes: Statistical Process Control and Engineering Process Control as well as applications of learning systems and time-series analysis in the control systems. The use of time-series techniques for anticipated control of selected foundry processes is presented and positively evaluated using industry data obtained from the green molding sand processing.
PL
W artykule omówiono dwa podejścia stosowane we współczesnym przemyśle do sterowania dyskretnymi i ciągłymi procesami wytwarzania: Statystyczne Sterowanie Procesem oraz sterowanie techniczne (ang. Engineering Process Control), a także zastosowania systemów uczących się i analizy szeregów czasowych w systemach sterowania. Zaprezentowano i poddano pozytywnej ocenie wykorzystanie technik szeregów czasowych w antycypacyjnym sterowaniu wybranymi procesami odlewniczymi, z użyciem danych przemysłowych uzyskanych z procesu przerobu wilgotnych mas formierskich.
7
Content available remote Analysis and assessment of foundry moulding sand preparing process using the dynamic power measurement method
Ziółkowski E., Wrona R., Smyksy K.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2010
|
Vol. 55, iss. 3
953-961
EN
Preparation of moulding sand is a key process, determining the final quality of casting products. Special requirements are imposed at stabilising and optimising the parameters of the moulding sand so that it should maintain its properties required for moulding. These requirements can be satisfied as long as specialised mixing systems are used to prepare and control the sand mixing processes. The key elements of the system include sand mixers supported by dedicated measuring equipment operating in accordance with the approved control methods. Methods employed to determine the key properties of sand mix include the methods applied in on-line mixing control systems. The author’s research to date has led to the development of a method whereby the sand quality indicator is defined by a dynamic power demand signal from the mixer system. This study provides the selected measurement data, showing power consumption by the driving units in a prototype turbine mixer, used in laboratory conditions. The experimental programme utilises a state-of-the-art microprocessor system for measuring the parameters having relevance to power consumption by the mixer drive. Measurement signals of power demand by a paddle stirrer and a rotor are analysed. Testing was done for variable moisture content in moulding sands containing different kind of bentonite and for variable mixer pan loads. The methodology is supported by measurements of sand properties by conventional methods. The complete set of data and interrelations holding between them is utilised to describe the investigated processes in terms of dynamic systems, in accordance with the rules of automation. Attention is given to practical applications of the power measurement method in the analysis of mixing dynamics, in control of water-feeding system and in evaluation of energy demand for the process. The proposed methodology enables the comprehensive evaluation and selection of constructional parameters of devices of sand preparation systems.
PL
Istotnym procesem w technologii wykonania odlewów, decydującym o ich jakości, jest sporządzanie masy formierskiej. Szczególne wymagania dotycza stabilizacji i optymalizacji parametrów masy, określających jej właściwości i przydatność do wykonania form odlewniczych. Spełnienie tych wymagań zależy od zastosowanych systemów sporządzania i sterowania procesem mieszania składników masy oraz konstrukcji zastosowanych mieszarek. Podstawowym układem w systemie są mieszarki mas oraz współpracujące oprzyrządowanie pomiarowe, działające według określonych metod badawczych. Spośród metod służących do określania istotnych właściwości mas formierskich, wyróżnia się metody stosowane w układach sterowania on-line zasadniczym procesem mieszania mas. Na podstawie autorskich badań zdefiniowano metodę, w której miernikiem oceny jakości masy jest dynamiczny sygnał poboru mocy przez układy mieszające masę. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane wyniki pomiaru poboru mocy przez zespoły napędu prototypowej, laboratoryjnej mieszarki wirnikowej. W badaniach wykorzystano nowoczesny mikroprocesorowy system do pomiarów zbiorów parametrów charakteryzujacych pobór mocy przez napęd mieszarki. Przeprowadzono analizę uzyskanych sygnałów pomiaru mocy napędu mieszadła łopatkowego oraz wirnika. Badania wykonano przy zmianie stopnia nawilżenia mieszanych mas formierskich z bentonitem (różne gatunki) oraz przy zmiennym napełnieniu misy mieszarki. Dopełnieniem metodyki badawczej były pomiary właściwosci masy metodami klasycznymi. Pełny zbiór danych i ich wzajemnych zależności posłużył do opisu badanych procesów w ujęciu systemów dynamicznych zgodnie z regułami automatyki. Zwrócono uwagę na praktyczne mozliwości wykorzystania sygnału poboru mocy: w analizie dynamiki procesu mieszania, w sterowaniu procesem dozowania wody do masy formierskiej oraz w ocenie energochłonności procesu. Zaproponowana metodyka umożliwia takze kompleksowa ocene i dobór parametrów konstrukcyjnych urządzeń systemów sporzadzania masy.
8
Content available remote Constrained/unconstrained solidification within the massive cast steel/iron ingots
Wołczyński W. S.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2010
|
Vol. 10, iss. 2
195--202
EN
Some properties of the ingot and especially of the steel forging ingots depend on the ratio of a columnar structure area to an equiaxed structure area created during solidification. The CE transition is fundamental phenomenon that can be applied to characterize massive cast steel ingots produced by the casting house. The mentioned ratio is created spontaneously due to the rate of heat transfer towards the ceramic mould and then to the environment. The ceramic mould operates as an isolator. So that the thickness of the mould together with a growing solid fraction control the heat transfer and finally the ratio of the columnar structure area to the equiaxed structure area. At first the increase of heat accumulation within the ceramic mould is observed. Next the stationary state for heat transfer is created and finally a gentle abatement of the mould temperature associated with the heat output to the environment is expected. The steep thermal gradients correspond to the increase of heat accumulation in the ceramic mould. The steep thermal gradients are required to promote the columnar structure formation. The full heat accumulation in the mould corresponds well with the CE transformation while the appearance of the moderate thermal gradients is referred to the gentle temperature abatement within the ceramic mould. The equiaxed structure is expected within this period of heat transfer behavior. The steep thermal gradients involve the activity of viscosity gradient in the liquid. As the result a sedimentary cones are formed at the bottom of the ingot. The CE transformation is associated with competition between columnar and equaixed structure formation. At the end of competition a fully equiaxed structure is formed. The viscosity gradient is replaced by the thermophoresis which is the driving force for the deposition of some equiaxed grain layers onto the surface of C+E zone. The convection together with the gravity allow the layers to be uniform along the whole height of the ingot. Some equiaxed grain layers are also deposited at the bottom of ingot onto the surface of sedimentary cones due to activity of the gravity. Additionally, some macro-segregation effects are observed in the ingot [...]
9
Content available remote Analysis of power demand signal in laboratory rotary mixer
Smyksy K., Wrona R., Ziółkowski E.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2010
|
Vol. 10, iss. 2
151--154
EN
The paper summarises the power measurement data for the main assemblies in a prototype turbine mixers for laboratory applications. Of particular interest are power demand signals in the paddle stirrer and the rotor. Tests were performed for the variable moisture content of the moulding sand containing bentonite. The process is described as dynamic and considered from the standpoint of automatics. Potential applications of the power demand signal are investigated in the context of the study of dynamics of the mixing processes, in terms of control of the water feeding to the moulding sand and for the purpose of evaluating the energy consumption.
10
Content available remote Some aspects of monitoring of foundry moulding sands preparation process
Ziółkowski E., Wrona R., Smyksy K.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2009
|
Vol. 54, iss. 2
399-411
EN
The study outlines the basic features of a newly-designed computer-supported system for monitoring and recording the instantaneous power consumption, used to control the operating parameters of foundry mixers as well as moulding sand preparing process course. Basic idea of monitoring of power demand treated as the factor of quality evaluation of moulding sand preparation process have been described. The main coefficients and factors characterizing electric power demand by mixer drive are recalled. Comparison of values of the indicators of power consumption by various types of mixers has been done. The study has also summarized the preliminary test data of power consumption during moulding sand preparation process in a paddle mixer drive and roller mixer (Simpson type). Process parameters were varied during the tests: moisture content in moulding sand, load of the mixers pan and mixing time. Electric power demand is expressed by effective values, assuming the balanced load. As the mixing levels change, the technological parameters will change, too, and this fact might be utilized in monitoring of the mixing process. The power factor of the mixer drive cos would vary considerably during the mixer’s operation under loading. The selected results of tests performed to find the relationship between the technological and operational parameters and power consumption by a mixer drive have been presented. Two aspects of the monitoring system are considered to be of major importance: potential optimization of the mixing process in the function of energy consumption and control of the mixing process and its impacts on the properties and quality of thus prepared moulding sand. Potential following applications of the module for fast recording of instantaneous currents and voltages in a single or triple phase power supply system in other foundry machines and devices have been pointed out. Further research areas are indicated, to extend the system and the range of its using.
PL
Praca przedstawia w zarysie podstawową charakterystykę nowego, komputerowego systemu przeznaczonego do monitorowania i rejestracji chwilowego zapotrzebowania mocy, przeznaczonego do kontroli parametrów pracy mieszarek stosowanych w odlewnictwie jak również przebiegu procesu sporządzania masy formierskiej. Opisano podstawowa idee monitoringu poboru mocy przez mieszarkę traktowanego jako wskaźnik oceny jakości procesu sporządzania masy. Przedstawiono główne współczynniki i parametry charakteryzujace zapotrzebowanie mocy elektrycznej przez napęd mieszarki. Porównano wskaźniki charakteryzujące pobór mocy elektrycznej przez mieszarki różnych typów. Zaprezentowano także wyniki wstępnych badań poboru mocy przez mieszarkę łopatkową i krążnikową (typu Simpson). Badania prowadzono przy zmiennych parametrach, takich jak : wilgotność masy formierskiej, wielkość załadunku misy mieszarki oraz czas mieszania. Zapotrzebowanie mocy scharakteryzowano wartościami skutecznymi, uwzględniając załadunek mieszarki. Podczas procesu mieszania ulegają także zmianie parametry technologiczne, co może byc wykorzystane w kontroli procesu sporzadzania masy. Zaobserwowano istotna zmiane współczynnika mocy poboru mocy – cos, podczas pracy mieszarki przy zmiennym załadunku. Przedstawiono wybrane wyniki przeprowadzonych badan majacych na celu określenie zależności pomiędzy parametrami technologicznymi a parametrami pracy mieszarki oraz zapotrzebowaniem mocy. Podkreślono dwa podstawowe, ważne aspekty monitoringu poboru mocy: możliwość optymalizacji procesu mieszania z punktu widzenia jego energochłonnosci oraz kontrole procesu uwzgledniająca właściwości i jakość sporządzanej masy formierskiej. Wskazano możliwe, kolejne zastosowania szybkiej rejestracji chwilowych wartości natężenia i napięcia prądu w jedno i trójfazowych systemach zasilania maszyn i urządzeń odlewniczych. Zasygnalizowano obszary dalszych prac zmierzających do rozbudowy systemu i rozszerzenia jego zakresu zastosowania.
11
Algorytmy w procesach odlewniczych. Część 2. Wytop żeliwa wysokochromowego
Marcinkowski J., Młyński M., Sierant Z.
Przegląd Odlewnictwa
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2008
|
Vol. 58, nr 9
520-521
PL
Artykuł jest kontynuacją poprzedniego artykułu, zamieszczonego w zeszycie 6 Przeglądu Odlewnictwa w 2007 roku, traktującego o instrukcji topienia żeliwa niestopowego w piecu łukowym. Wskazano tam na korzystne zastosowanie algorytmów w technice, sprawdzonych już w matematyce, w handlu, administracji a także w usługach. W niniejszym artykule omówiono zasady topienia żeliwa wysokochromowego w piecu indukcyjnym. W zakończeniu przedstawiono algorytm przebiegu topienia tego gatunku żeliwa stopowego.
EN
The article is continuation of the former article presented in the No. 6/2007 of "Przegląd Odlewnictwa", concerning the instruction of melting unalloed cast iron in the arc furnace. It was indicated there the advantageous utilizing of algorithms in the technique, already proven in mathematics, in the commerce and services. In this article the principles of melting high chromium cast iron in an induction furnace is discussed. To the end an algorithm of a melting run of this kind of the alloyed cast iron is presented.
12
Content available remote The sort of carburization and the quality of obtained cast iron
Janerka K., Bartocha D.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2008
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Vol. 8, iss. 4
55-60
EN
In the production of cast iron, the pig iron's amount in charge material is more and more often limited, and replaced by steel scrap. That extorts the necessity of know-how the carburization and one is looking for carburizers, which ensure obtaining big carbon increment as quickly as possible with the high repeatability and the ones which ensure getting the adequate quality of cast iron. The object of presented research was definition of the influence of charge materials' sort on the structure, course of solidification, and the effectiveness of process. The cast iron melts, which are presented below, are made only on the basis of steel scrap with portion of graphitoidal, coke and anthracite carburizers, which were added to the charge in solid. In the article one compared the carburizers in respect of their structure, chemical constitution and the effectiveness obtained during the carburization of liquid metal. The melting of cast iron, based on the special pig iron, was carried out as well. The course of melts, chemical constitution of obtained cast iron and its structure were presented. The comparison between quality distribution and the volume fraction of graphite in classes of size for the individual melts were achieved and the TDA curves were inserted.
13
Content available remote Selected aspects involved in operation of monitoring system for moulding sand preparation process
Smyksy K., Ziółkowski E., Wrona R.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 2
183-187
EN
The paper addresses selected issues associated with the monitoring of the moulding sand preparation processes where the monitoring of power factors in the mixer drive is of primary importance. The study compares the indicators of electric power consumption by various types of mixers, summarizes the preliminary test data of power consumption in a paddle mixer drive. Process parameters were varied during the tests: moisture content and load. Coefficients and factors characterizing electric power demand are recalled. Two aspects of the monitoring system are considered to be of major importance: potential optimization of the mixing process in the function of energy consumption and control of the mixing process and its impacts on the properties of thus prepared moulding sand.
14
Content available remote Rationalization of foundry processes on the basis of simulation experiment
Kukla S.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 3
65-68
EN
The paper presents results of research obtained on the basis of simulation experiment, whose aim was to analyze the performance of cast iron foundry. A simulation model of automobile industry foundry was made. The course of the following processes was analyzed in a computer model: preparation of liquid cast iron, forming and filling the moulds, cooling and stamping the castings, cleaning and finishing treatment. The sheets of multi-criterion evaluation were prepared, where criteria and variants were assessed by means of subjective point evaluation and fuzzy character evaluation. The paper presents an analysis example of finishing activities of castings realized in foundry on traditional machines and efficient presses and in cooperation. On the basis of reports from a simulation experiment information was achieved related to activities' duration, load of accessible resources, the problems of storage and transport, bottle necks in the system and appearing queues in from of workplaces. The research used a universal modelling and simulation packet for production systems - ARENA
15
Content available remote Performance tests of an abrasive cut-off systems for the finishing of high-precision casts
Fedoryszyn A., Meksa W. T., Woźnicki G.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 2
33-36
EN
The paper summarizes the performance data of a newly designed and engineered grinding and cut-off system. The machine is used for separation of models manufactured by the investment casting method. The machine comprises the following units: - base supporting other assemblies and elements: abrasive disc holder and drives; this solution enables an easy replacement and access to holding elements while a belt transmission allows the disc rpm to be varied, - mechanism moving the spindle in the horizontal, hence the abrasive disc position with respect to the batch can be precisely controlled, depending on the cast position and their shape, - holding and positioning-control of the batch to enable the fore and aft movements and rotations, - guide systems ensuring the travel of the batch in the specified direction and adjusting the travel speed to the required cutting rate, - centering, control, exhaust system, housing Extensive tests were performed, including the tests of operating parameters of abrasive discs depending on the cast material, cyclograms of the applied treatment are obtained accordingly.
16
Content available remote Numerical model of the solidification of alloys with natural convection of the liquid
Węgrzyn-Skrzypczak E., Skrzypczak T.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 1
109-112
EN
The paper deals with comparison of numerical analysis results obtained for binary alloys solidification process in the sand and permanent mould with motion of the fluid in the liquid and mushy zone. The partial differential equations describing mathematical model of the phenomena are presented. Finite Element Method is used for modeling process. Characteristic Based Split (CBS) method is used for solving momentum equation. Such approach allows to uncouple velocities and pressure. Petrov-Galerkin formulation is employed to stabilize heat conductivity equation with convective term. The results of the numerical simulations in the 2D region are discussed. Velocity fields, cooling rates and positions of the liquid, solid-liquid and solid regions are compared.
17
Content available remote Implementation KMES Quality system for acquisition and processing data in chosen foundry
Sika R., Ignaszak Z.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 3s
97--102
EN
In the paper, main assumptions, algorithms and functions of author’s KMES Quality system are discussed. Its working version is tested in chosen foundry by near 2 years. This system is applied to enlarge the use of chosen technological data accessible during foundry processes. The data can be introduced by means of keyboard directly in the fields (windows) present on the PC screen according to program commands, instead of report-manuscripts containing measured results, or from the automated measurement recording system by direct data import to KMES Quality system. In the paper, a way of technological data acquisition with their further integration into main foundry databases and their processing, with taking into consideration e.g. kind of casting assortment, current time, sequences of measurements, are presented. Also the capabilities of linking KMES Quality system with SAP R/3 system existing in this foundry useful to quality assurance is show.
18
Content available remote Conventional flow curves of liquid cast iron put on spheroidization
Borowiecki B.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 1
23-26
EN
The purpose of the investigation was to confirm the hypothesis that the conventional flow curves of liquid cast iron put on sferoidization determined from the rod fluidity test are comparable to flow curves of liquids in environmental temperature. Moreover has been identified, that conventional flow curves for this liquid cast iron are similar to generalized non- Newtonian liquids curves. For rods with the diameters 3-8 mm there are three various curves: 1 - the flow curve of liquid cast iron put on spheroidization overheated about 80 K resemble a shape adequately to a curve of densified liquid with shearing. This phenomenon can be caused by high overcooled and creation of crystallization nuclei; 2 - metal alloys overheated about 180 K resemble a shape adequately to Newtonian liquid; 3 - metal alloys overheated about 210 K resemble a shape of curve adequately to dispersed liquid with shearing. This phenomenon probably depends on influence of gas which creates on boundary of metal-sand mould.
19
Content available remote Comparison of selected tools for generation of knowledge for foundry production
Perzyk M., Soroczyński A.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 4
163-166
EN
Two types of data mining tools, suitable for semi-automatic generation of knowledge in a form of logic rules, are presented in the paper: decision (classification) trees and rough sets theory algorithms. A comparative evaluation of rules obtained by these two methods, used for decision concerning application of feeders for grey iron castings, is performed. Data sets obtained as readouts form a semi-empirical nomograph of Holzmüller and Wlodawer were used for the testing. It was found that both methods lead to similar rules, which are also in agreement with the foundry practice. However, the decision trees were unable to provide some important and reliable rules, which were generated by the rough sets theory algorithm and they can also generate rules which are not supported by the training data.
20
Content available remote CastML - a language for description of casting products and processes
Stawowy A., Wrona R., Macioł A.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 4
205-208
EN
This work presents CastML - an XML dialect for description of casting products and processes. CastML is extension of MatML which is an extensible markup language designed specifically for the exchange of materials information. The set of CastML tags allows to describe materials' information as well as technological processes, engineering drawings, products classifications and products manufacturers. CastML is simple, understandable and flexible language which makes it attractive for the specialist involved in any aspect of casting research, development, production, or design. The details on key elements of the proposed language are given. Practical application of CastML is illustrated on the example of an iron castings description.
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