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1 2001

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Benchmarking w gospodarce osadami ściekowymi

Kempa E. S.

Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska

2001

T. 4, nr 2

139-147

Benchmarking to jedno z najnowszych narzędzi zarządzania różnymi dziedzinami życia gospodarczego, przede wszystkim zaś zakładami przemysłowymi, wykorzystujące - przez porównanie - doświadczenia najlepszego z danej grupy. Grupa to dobrowolna, lecz mająca ambicje być najlepszą w danej branży, co zbliża ją do uzyskania certyfikatu jakości, tak w produkcji, jak i zarządzaniu środowiskiem. Benchmarking może mieć zatem i zastosowanie w szeroko pojmowanej gospodarce komunalnej i wodno-ściekowej. Artykuł poniższy jest bodaj pierwszym w języku polskim, odniesionym do zawsze złożonej problematyki osadów ściekowych i ukazującym zasady posługiwania się tym narzędziem.

Benchmarking is at present the newest proposal for co-operation by best practices in the field of management. Over the past 15-20 years, there has been increasing interest in the use of benchmarking as a major management tool for reducing costs, improving efficiency, creating safer working environments, improving customer service and improving product quality. The actors of benchmarking are - on voluntary basis - mostly several well managed enterprises of the same branch, which expressed the will to put forward their best experience to other partners for successful application of this kind of management. Therefore, benchmarking has been adopted by industries and is being used by the public sector as well as by private enterprises, including governments, universities, consultant firms, etc. The municipalities, the water & sewage works, and public cleansing works introduce it, however, relatively slowly. Well known are, however, the disposal and treatment costs of municipal sewage. For the operators of a sewerage system it is very important to identify the investment and running costs for finding the proper ways for their reduction. In spite of diverse difficulties and different design (solutions of the plants), construction and modes of operation, it is possible to compare the plants on the basis of the various aspects and characteristics of the unit processes. It is essential that both, the technical and commercial requirements should sufficiently be taken into account. This gives a real possibility for the access to the overall best practices and for the transfer of them to other plants, which at that time aren't the partners of the co-operation. The paper discusses the various aspects of benchmarking especially addressed to the field of wastewater sludge management. Some positive aspects of benchmarking application are shown. Implementing this kind of cooperation, the municipal enterprises as e.g. wastewater treatment plants comes more closely to the required aspects of the European certification of the groups of standards ISO 9000 and ISO 14000.