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Hand-arm vibration disorder among grass-cutter workers in Malaysia

Azmir N. A., Ghazali M. I., Yahya M. N., Ali M. H.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2016

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Vol. 22, No. 3

433--438

EN

Introduction. Prolonged exposure to hand-transmitted vibration from grass-cutting machines has been associated with increasing occurrences of symptoms and signs of occupational diseases related to hand–arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out using an adopted HAVS questionnaire on hand–arm vibration exposure and symptoms distributed to 168 male workers from the grass and turf maintenance industry who use hand-held grass-cutting machines as part of their work. The prevalence ratio and symptom correlation to HAVS between high and low–moderate exposure risk groups were evaluated. Results. There were positive HAVS symptoms relationships between the low–moderate exposure group and the high exposure group among hand-held grass-cutting workers. The prevalence ratio was considered high because there were indicators that fingers turned white and felt numb, 3.63, 95% CI [1.41, 9.39] and 4.24, 95% CI [2.18, 8.27], respectively. Less than 14.3% of workers stated that they were aware of the occupational hand–arm vibration, and it seemed to be related to the finger blanching and numbness. Conclusion. The results suggest that HAVS is under-diagnosed in Malaysia, especially in the agricultural sectors. More information related to safety and health awareness programmes for HAVS exposure is required among hand-held grass-cutting workers.

2

Dental Ergonomics to Combat Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Review

Gupta A., Ankola A. V., Hebbal M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2013

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Vol. 19, No. 4

561--571

EN

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are significant workplace problems affecting occupational health, productivity and the careers of dental professionals. The prevalence of MSDs is on the rise for all types of dental workers. In spite of different patterns of work culture, there are parallel levels of symptoms in dentists across nations. Risk factors for MSDs are multifactorial. Symptoms appear very early in careers, with higher prevalence of MSDs even during educational training. Ergonomics improvements, health promotion and organizational interventions are necessary to reduce the risk. An interdisciplinary approach with progressive efforts should be taken to address MSDs in dental professionals.

3

Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Workers

Ghasemkhani M., Mahmudi E., Jabbari H.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2008

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Vol. 14, No. 4

455–-462

EN

Self-report measures of musculoskeletal discomfort are a widely used and generally accepted risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders in epidemiologic research. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in packing workers. A cross-sectional study of 75 workers was carried out using a modified Nordic questionnaire. Prevalence was determined with the percentage of positive responses to questions on musculoskeletal symptoms. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were the measures of association between prevalent musculoskeletal symptoms and demographic factors; they were determined with logistic regression. Most musculoskeletal symptoms in workers were from the low back (44.0%), shoulders (33.3%) and neck (32.0%). Years worked were strongly significantly associated with musculoskeletal symptoms and pain in the neck, shoulders and wrists/hands, P < .001–.050. Hazards related to repetitive movements and discomfort postures could be reduced with stretching exercises, rotation schedules and through new engineering solutions.

4

Low Back Pain Among Residential Carpenters: Ergonomic Evaluation Using OWAS and 2D Compression Estimation

Gilkey D. P., Keefe T. J., Bigelow P. L., Herron R. E., Duvall K., Hautaluoma J. E., Rosecrance J. S., Sesek R.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2007

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Vol. 13, No. 3

305--321

EN

Occupational low back pain (LBP) remains a leading safety and health challenge. This cross-sectional investigation measured the prevalence of LBP in residential carpenters and investigated ergonomic risk factors. Ninety-four carpenters were investigated for LBP presence and associated risk factors. Ten representative job-tasks were evaluated using the Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) and ErgoMaster™ 2D software to measure elements of posture, stress, and risk. Job-tasks were found to differ significantly for total lumbar compression and shear at peak loading (p < .001), ranging from 2 956 to 8 606 N and 802 to 1 974 N respectively. OWAS indicated that slight risk for injury was found in 10 job-tasks while distinct risk was found in 7 of the 10 job-tasks. Seven of the 10 job-tasks exceeded the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) action limit of 3 400 N for low back loading. The point prevalence for LBP was 14% while the annual prevalence was 38%.

5

Seasonal occurrence of parasites of flounder Platichthys flesus (L.) from the Gulf of Gdańsk

Chibani M., Rokicki J.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2004

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Vol. 33, No. 3

17--30

EN

A total of 1509 specimens of flounder Platichthys flesus (L.) were sampled in the period from April 1998 to March 2000 from the Gulf of Gdańsk. The seasonal occurrence of all parasite species was calculated. The results indicated that some parasite species occur seasonally (Diplostomum sp., Raphidascaris acus, Dichelyne minutus, Echinorhynchus gadi and Pomphorhynchus laevis), while others do not (Trichodina borealis, Hysterothylacium aduncum, Cucullanus heterochrous). Since some parasites occurred year-round at low levels of infection, it was difficult to determine if they exhibited seasonality or not (Glugea anomala, Gyrodactylus unicopula, Diplostomum mergi, Bothriocephalus scorpii and Lampetra sp.). Gyrodactylus flesi was noted occasionally.