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1
Content available Pressure leaching of sulfide concentrate produced by Lubin Concentrator (KGHM Polska Miedz SA, Poland)
Matuska S., Ochromowicz K., Chmielewski T.
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
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2018
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Vol. 54, iss. 3
781--792
EN
The rapidly declining quality of ores and concentrates produced by Lubin Concentrator (KGHM) makes the flotation concentrates exceptionally difficult-to-process by flash smelting. Currently, a hydrometallurgical process, using sulfuric acid with the presence of oxidants as a leaching medium, seems to be either a reasonable alternative or a complementary option to pyrometallurgy. The unique lithological, mineralogical and chemical properties of the concentrate were considered in a selection of the process route. Results of a pressure leaching of the copper sulfide concentrate from Lubin Concentrator (ZWR Lubin) with oxygenated aqueous H2SO4 solutions are presented. The effect of temperature from 120 to 200 °C, initial concentration of H2SO4 from 60 to 100 g/dm3, and oxygen partial pressure ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 MPa were investigated. The pressure leaching appeared to be an efficient process for recovering copper from the Lubin concentrate. At optimal leaching conditions (140 °C, 100 g/dm3 H2SO4, 1.0 MPa O2) 96% of Cu was extracted after 4 h.
2
Content available Pressure acid leaching of sphalerite concentrate. Modeling and optimization by response surface methodology
Guler E.
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
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2016
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Vol. 52, iss. 1
479--496
EN
The zinc leaching from sphalerite concentrate using oxygen under pressure in sulfuric acid solution was primarily studied and evaluated. The effects of important leaching parameters such as oxygen partial pressure, temperature, solid/liquid ratio and leaching time on leaching efficiency, Zn concentration and Fe extraction were investigated. Response surface methodology based on central composite rotatable design technique was used to optimize the leaching process parameters in order to obtain a suitable leach solution with high Zn leaching efficiency considering further processes such as precipitation of contaminating metal ions and electrolysis. The optimum leaching condition for maximum Zn leaching efficiency and Zn concentration with minimum Fe extraction was determined as follows: oxygen partial pressure of 12 bars, temperature of 150 °C, solid/liquid ratio of 0.20 and leaching time of 89.16 minutes. The achieved experimental results for Zn leaching efficiency, Zn concentration and Fe extraction under the optimum conditions were as 94%, 80 g/dm3 and 8.1% respectively. The experimental results corresponded well with the predicted results of quadratic polynomial models.
3
Content available remote Charakterystyka metod bezpośredniego ługowania koncentratów metali nieżelaznych
Hanke M.
Przemysł Chemiczny
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2014
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T. 93, nr 2
181-186
PL
Omówiono najważniejsze metody średniociśnieniowego oraz bezciśnieniowego bezpośredniego ługowania siarczkowych koncentratów metali nieżelaznych. Dokonano analizy obu grup procesów pod kątem technologicznym oraz pod kątem zastosowania w praktyce przemysłowej.
EN
A review, with 38 refs., of methods for oxidative acidic leaching of Zn, Cu, Ni and Co sulfide ores under atm. or slightly increased pressures.
4
Content available Leaching kinetics of copper from chalcopyrite concentrate in nitrous-sulfuric acid
Gok O., Anderson C. G., Cicekli G., Cocen E. L.
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
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2014
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Vol. 50, iss. 1
399--413
EN
Treating chalcopyrite flotation concentrates by hydrometallurgical techniques seems to be the most convenient method for leaching copper due to concerns over air pollution and regulations regarding the emission of sulfur dioxide that result from smelting. In this study, the leaching recovery-time trajectories of bulk chalcopyrite concentrate obtained from a flotation plant in the Kastamonu region of Turkey are presented. The effects of various parameters were elucidated in the nitrous-sulfuric acid electrolyte (CNaNO2:0.05 M–0.15 M, CH2SO4:1 M) at a moderate temperature (80–120 °C). A high level of copper recovery (98%) from bulk chalcopyrite concentrate was obtained under a total pressure of 6 atm at 120°C within 2 h when using small amounts of nitrite species due to their autocatalytic behavior in acidic solutions. The kinetics were well correlated with the shrinking core model for the diffusion controlled mechanism with an apparent activation energy of 34.06 kJ·mol–1. Elemental sulfur was the primary leaching product on the mineral surface, as confirmed using XRD and SEM/EDX. The semi-empirical equation explaining the reaction rate under the present conditions was expressed as follows: ...[wzór].
5
Content available remote Pressure leaching of shale ore in oxygenated sulphuric acid
Wódka J., Chmielewski T., Ziółkowski B.
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
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2007
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Vol. 41
349-364
EN
The effect of initial temperature, sulphuric acid concentration and oxygen partial pressure on pressure leaching of shale fraction of copper ore is presented. Leaching was performed in the autoclave in the temperature range of 100 -180 C using oxygen as an oxidizing agent. Tailigs from 1st cleaning of Lubin Concentrator (ZWR Lubin) were used as a shale material exhibiting elevated contents of metals and organic carbon. Process was performed at sulphuric acid concentration from 20 to 50 g/dm3. The high efficiency of pressure leaching for copper, cobalt, nickel, iron and zinc from polimetallic shale middlings of the Lubin Concentrator was revealed.
PL
Przedstawiono badania wpływu temperatury, stężenia kwasu siarkowego i ciśnienia parcjalnego tlenu na ciśnieniowe ługowanie frakcji łupkowej rudy miedzi. Ługowanie prowadzono w autoklawie, pod ciśnieniem tlenu i w temperaturach od 100 do 180 C. Nadawę do ługowania ciśnieniowego stanowił odpad I czyszczenia i ciągu technologicznego ZWR Lubin, który jest materiałem łupkowym o podwyższonej koncentracji metali i węgla organicznego. Proces ługowania prowadzono w roztworach kwasu siarkowego o stężeniu od 20 do 50 g/dm3. W badaniach wykazano wysoką skuteczność procesu dla ługowania miedzi, kobaltu, niklu, żelaza i cynku z półproduktu łupkowego ZWR Lubin.
6
Content available remote Kinetics of alkaline pressure leaching of mechanically modified zircon concentrate
Amer A. M.
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
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2006
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Vol. 40
61-68
EN
Hydrometallurgical processing of zircon concentrate separated from Egyptian black sands is attained through leaching with sodium hydroxide of mechanically pretreated zircon concentrate under relatively high temperature (260C). The effects of temperature, sodium hydroxide concentration, grinding time, grain size, and leaching time were studied as well as the kinetics of the leaching process.
PL
Przeprowadzono hydrometalurgiczną przeróbkę koncentratów cyrkonowych wydzielonych z czarnego piasku pochodzącego z Egiptu poprzez ługowanie za pomocą wodorotlenku sodu przy względnie wysokiej temperaturze (260 st.C). Koncentraty były mechanicznie aktywowane przed ługowaniem. Badano wpływ temperatury, stężenia wodorotlenku sodu, czasu mielenia, rozmiaru ziaren i czas ługowania jak również kinetykę procesu ługowania.
7
Content available remote Processing of Egyptian boiler-Ash for Extraction of Vanadium and nickel.
Amer A.
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
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2000
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Vol. 34
153-161
EN
Egryptian boiler ashes from thermal power stations contain up 20% vanadium and 22% nickel and thus they are valuable source for vanadium an nickel and their alloys as well as chemicals. The ash was directly leached with sulphuric acid under atmospheric pressure and in an autoclave. Atmospheric leaching leads to complete dissolution of vanadium and nickel together with iron. Separation of iron from vanadium is very difficult due to a narrow pH precipitation range of hydroxides of these metals, leaching under oxygen pressure leads to oxidation of iron and its precipitation as basic iron sulphate leaving vanadium and nickel in solution. Vanadium is thus precipitated as hydroxide by adjustment of pH value and then calcinated to vanadium penta-oxide. The leaching processes were thoroughly investigated and the optimum leaching conditions were determined.
PL
Egipskie popioły z elektrociepłowni zawierają do 20% Vi 22% Ni. Popioły ługowano bezpośrednio pod ciśnieniem atmosferycznym oraz w autoklawie. Ługowanie pod ciśnieniem atmosferycznym prowadzi do całkowitego rozpuszczenia wanadu i niklu razem z żelazem. Separacja wanadu od żelaza jest trudna z powodu wąskiego zakresu Ph wytrącania się wodorotlenków tych metali. Ługowanie pod ciśnieniem tlenu prowadzi do utleniania się żelaza i jego precypitacji w formie zasadowego siarczanu żelaza a V oraz NI pozostają w roztworze. Wanad ulega następnie wytrąceniu jako wodorotlenek przez regulację pH i dalej jest kalcynowany do pięciotlenku. Proces ługowania był dokładnie przebadany i określono optymalne warunki procesu.
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