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1

Comparing deterministic and statistical approaches for predicting “short can” defects in aluminium beverage can production

Baran Wojciech, Regulski Krzysztof, Kąc Sławomir, Milenin Andrij

Computer Methods in Materials Science

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2023

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Vol. 23, No. 2

29--38

EN

In the production of beverage cans, “short can” defects in the form of material discontinuities can occur during the deep drawing of cylindrical thin-walled aluminium products. These defects have a significant impact on production efficiency and scrap generation, and their occurrence is influenced by material and process properties. To determine the main influence of material on defect occurrence, two approaches were used: deterministic analysis of mechanical properties and microstructure, as well as statistical processing of production data using decision tree models. The latter approach was found to be more efficient, and a numerical tool was developed based on this approach to predict and reduce defect occurrence in the production process.

2

Approach to predict product quality considering current customers’ expectations

Siwiec Dominika, Pacana Andrzej, Bednárová Lucia

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 155

461--472

EN

Purpose: The purpose was to develop an approach to predict product quality considering current customers' expectations. Design/methodology/approach: The approach includes integrated techniques, i.e.: SMART(-ER) method, a questionnaire with the Likert scale, brainstorming (B&M), WSM method, and Naïve Bayes Classifier. This approach refers to obtaining customers' expectations for satisfaction from the current quality of products and the importance of these criteria. Based on the satisfaction of customers, the quality of the product was estimated and classified. Then, the quality of the product was predicted for current customers. Findings: It was shown that it is possible to predict product quality based on current customer expectations, and so based on the current existing product. Research limitations/implications: The proposed approach does not include the possibilities of determining the expected quality of the product. The approach focuses on predicting customers' satisfaction with the current quality of the product. Therefore, if there is a need for improvement actions, further analyzes should be carried out to determine which criteria should be modified and how. Practical implications: The presented approach can be used for any product. Therefore, it is a useful tool for any kind of organization, which strives to meet customer satisfaction. Despite the possibility to predict the quality of the product, the proposed approach can indicate at an early stage to the organization that it is necessary to make improvement actions. Social implications: It is possible to reduce the waste of resources by predicting that improvement actions are necessary. Moreover, the approach supports an entity (e.g., expert, enterprise, interested parties) in predicting current customers' satisfaction. Originality/value: Originality is predicting product quality based on current customers' expectations. A new combination of quality management techniques, decision support, and machine learning was implemented.

3

Concept of a model to predict the qualitative-cost level considering customers’ expectations

Siwiec Dominika, Pacana Andrzej, Ulewicz Robert

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2022

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Vol. 26, No. 2

330--340

EN

The main problem of modern entrepreneurs is the adequate recognition of customer expectations based on current products. The purpose of the study is to propose the concept of a model to predict the qualitative-cost level of this modified product. The idea of the concept depends on determining the product that will be satisfactory for the customer, i.e., satisfied simultaneously in turn of quality and cost of purchase. A questionnaire is used to obtain customer expectations. Then, according to the DEMATEL method, the relations between these criteria are determined. Next, the weights (importance) of the criteria are estimated by arithmetic average. Additionally, according to the Likert scale, these criteria' initial quality (customer satisfaction) is assessed. Based on these, the quality of the product is estimated by using the WSM method. The calculated product quality is combined with the real cost of its purchase in the qualitative-cost analysis (AKJ). According to the results of the qualitative-cost analysis, the expected product of the customer is predicted. This process is supported by the Relative States Scale. The proposed conception can be used to verify any product. Therefore, it can be useful for different entities offering products to the customer and striving to meet their expectations (satisfaction). The originality is the simultaneous prediction of the expected level of product quality and the cost of its purchase and the ability to determine customer satisfaction at this qualitative-cost level.

PL

Głównym problemem współczesnych przedsiębiorców jest odpowiednie rozpoznanie oczekiwań klienta na podstawie aktualnych produktów. Celem opracowania jest zaproponowanie koncepcji modelu do przewidywania poziomu jakościowo-kosztowego produktu według modyfikacji produktu. Idea koncepcji polega na określeniu satysfakcjonującego dla klienta produktu, który będzie jednocześnie zadawalający pod względem jakości i kosztu jego zakupu. Kwestionariusz wykorzystuje się do pozyskania oczekiwań klienta. Kolejno, według metody DAMATEL określane są relacje pomiędzy kryteriami. Następnie stosując średnią arytmetyczną szacowane są wagi (ważność) kryteriów. Dodatkowo, według skali Likerta oceniana jest wstępna jakość (satysfakcja klienta) z tych kryteriów. Na ich podstawie szacowana jest jakość produktu zgodnie z metodą WSM. Obliczona jakość produktu łączona jest z rzeczywistym kosztem ich zakupu w analizie kosztowo-jakościowej (AKJ). Według poziomu kosztowo-jakościowego przewidywany jest produkt oczekiwany przez klienta. Wybór wspierany jest skalą stanów względnych. Proponowana koncepcja może być stosowana do weryfikacji dowolnych produktów. Dlatego może być użyteczną dla różnych podmiotów oferujących produkty klientowi i dążących do spełnienia ich oczekiwań (satysfakcji). Oryginalnością jest jednoczesne przewidzenie oczekiwanego poziomu jakości produktu i kosztu jego zakupu oraz możliwość określenia satysfakcji klienta z tego poziomu jakościowo-kosztowego.

4

Prediction of quality level of product considering current customers’ expectations

Siwiec Dominika, Pacana Andrzej

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2022

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Vol. 13, No. 2

127--138

EN

The activities of the organisation concentrate mainly on meeting customers’ requirements. For this purpose, various activities are being conducted for customer satisfaction surveys. In this context, it is important to predict the quality of the product and the changes in the cost of the purchase product. The purpose of this study is to propose a method for predicting the quality level of a product and change the cost of the product considering current customers’ requirements for a combination of product feature states and pro-quality changes. The method includes the calculation of the quality level of the product using the punctationformalised method, where the level depends on a combination of values of states (parameters) attributes of the product, that is, current and modified. The method was tested as an example of a household vacuum cleaner for which 20 attributes were determined. According to the Pareto rule (20/80), the four product attributes important for customers were selected. Thereafter, for important attributes, possible combinations of the values of these attributes were determined. In addition, an algorithm for determining the possible combinations of product attribute states in the MATLAB program was developed. Additionally, the change in the current cost of the product considering the change in the quality level was estimated. The product cost changes were determined based on the actual cost of the product and the current product quality level. The method allows the determination of all combinations of values of state attributes of the product, such that it is possible to take appropriate improvement actions both in terms of quality and cost. The results from the method allow the prediction of product satisfaction for customers and they are favourable in terms of production cost. Therefore, it is possible to design the product in advance and support the producer in preparatory activities.

5

Lobau Autobahn: the last highway in Austria?

Buława Piotr

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Technicznej w Katowicach

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2021

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nr 13

61--70

EN

The building of the Lobau Autobahn was cancelled after 20 years of preparations and disputes. It should be the last part of the Vienna’s new 203 km long bypass. The Lobau Autobahn includes the Lobau tunnel under the Danube and the Donau-Auen National Park. The analysis of reports on this project and some press materials shows that the cancellation of the project results from the reschedule relations between further development of road network, the compact city concept, and environment protection. Reports were prepared by the Expert Group and by the TU Wien. The first suggests the necessity to build the Lobau Autobahn for further development of Vienna. The climate targets should be fulfilled by introducing other measures than stopping building new car roads. The second report postulates to cancel the plan of building the Lobau Autobahn. According to this report, the project is incompatible with the climate targets and the compact city concept. Additionally, the organisation ‘Science for Future’ supports the position expressed in the report prepared by the TU Wien. The presented differences have a reason in different assumptions adopted by the authors of the reports, not in the incorrectness of one of the reports.

PL

Budowa autostrady Lobau została odwołana po 20 latach przygotowań. Miała to być ostatnią częścią nowej 203-kilometrowej obwodnicy Wiednia. Autostrada Lobau obejmuje tunel Lobau pod Dunajem i Parkiem Narodowym Donau-Auen. Z analizy raportów dotyczących tego projektów oraz niektórych materiałów prasowych wynika, że rezygnacja z projektów wynika z przesunięcia środka ciężkości w relacji pomiędzy dalszym rozwojem sieci drogowej a koncepcją miasta kompaktowego i ochroną środowiska. Raporty zostały przygotowane przez Grupę Ekspertów oraz TU Wiedeń. Pierwszy z nich wskazuje na konieczność budowy autostrady Lobau dla dalszego rozwoju Wiednia. Cele klimatyczne powinny zostać osiągnięte poprzez wprowadzenie innych środków niż zaprzestanie budowy dróg samochodowych. Drugi raport postuluje anulowanie planu budowy autostrady Lobau. Według tego raportu projekt ten jest niezgodny z celami klimatycznymi i koncepcją miasta kompaktowego. Dodatkowo organizacja „Science for Future” poparła w swoim apelu stanowisko wyrażone w raporcie przygotowanym przez TU Wiedeń. Przedstawione różnice mają przyczynę w odmiennych założeniach przyjętych przez autorów raportów, a nie w błędności jednego z raportów.

6

Development of Knitted Materials Selection for Compression Underwear

Cheng Z., Kuzmichev V. E., Adolphe D. C.

Autex Research Journal

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2017

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Vol. 17, no. 2

177--187

EN

The presented research deals with the development of comfortable male underwear taking into account the development of pattern block methods and the analysis of the relationships existing between the compression pressure, the knitted materials properties, and some push-up effects. The main aim of this study is to achieve the technical selection of the materials based on KES-FB evaluations. The ease value has been used as the main index to connect the structural design of underwear, on one hand, and the body sizes, on other hand. A “bodyshell” system for testing the soft tissue of male bodies by FlexiForce sensor has been implemented. The pressures under the shells at six different places on the male body with ease changing have been tested. The collected results including maximum-possible pressure and material tensile indexes measured thanks to KES-FB have been analyzed in order to find the most relevant indexes of the material properties. A mathematical equations based on relationships combining theoretical model with practical application have been established. These equations will be helpful for the consumers and designers to select “the suitable knitting materials for male underwear” and they can be used too in the perspective of parameterization in CAD, in order to improve product developments efficiency.

7

Kataster w czasie i przestrzeni. Próba identyfikacji i predykcji

Adamczewski Z.

Przegląd Geodezyjny

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1999

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R. 71, nr 10

3-5