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Occupational Exposure to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation of Polish Outdoor Workers: Risk Estimation Method and Criterion

Wolska A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

2013

Vol. 19, No. 1

107--116

This paper presents occupational skin exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) of 122 Polish outdoor workers in spring and summer. In 65% of the cases, it was significant and exceeded 10 standard erythema doses (SED) during a work shift. The results provided grounds for (a) modifying hazard assessment based on the skin exposure factor proposed by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and (b) developing a criterion of risk estimation. The modified method uses the UV index (UVI) instead of the geographical latitude and season factor. The skin exposure factor (Wes) of one is the criterion of risk estimation. Risk is low if the estimated value of Wes does not exceed one. If it does, suitable preventive measures are necessary and a corrected skin exposure factor (Wes *) is calculated to minimize its value to at least one. Risk estimated with that method was high in 67% of the cases.

Determining Ultraviolet Degradation of High-Visibility Warning Clothing With Photochromic Indicators

Pościk A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

2013

Vol. 19, No. 1

79--86

The main purpose of this study was to select an appropriate photochromic dye and to develop a series of photochromic indicators showing ultraviolet (UV) degradation of selected background materials made from different polymers. The photochemistry of a series of photochromic compounds of oxazine and diarylethenes in thin polystyrene films were studied with spectroscopic methods. This paper also discusses the design and results of tests of UV photochromic indicators for high-visibility clothing.