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Conditions for multiple acquisition of echoes from stationary targets in successive transmissions of active sonars

Kilian Lech, Schmidt Aleksander, Rudnicki Mariusz

Vibrations in Physical Systems

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2022

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Vol. 33, nr 3

art. no. 2022308

EN

In echolocation, the highest possible number of contacts with a detected target is clearly decisive on the possibilities of echo processing to optimise the estimation of distinctive characteristics of the observed target. In hydrolocation, the slow propagation of acoustic waves in water reduces the number of contacts of echosounders and sonars with detected targets. The article considers model conditions for acquiring multiple contacts with stationary targets detected by various sounding methods - with echosounders, classic active sonars and side looking sonars. Appropriate formulas explicitly linking the possible number of echo signals from the target in a specific geometry of the survey performed at the assumed speed are presented. These formulas are intuitively clear and not very complicated, but their value lies in the ability to instantly combine the vessel speed with the sounding effects, and may be a clear argument for imposing a low sounding speed, which make it difficult to steer the vessel.

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Experimental study of mild steel cutting process by using the plasma arc method

Magid H.M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 108, nr 2

75--85

EN

Purpose: In this study, plasma arc cutting (PAC) is an industrial process widely used for cutting various away types of metals in several operating conditions. Design/methodology/approach: It is carried out a systematic or an authoritative inquiry to discover and examine the fact, the plasma cutting process is to establish the accuracy and the quality of the cut in this current paper assessed a good away to better the cutting process. Findings: It found that the effect of parameters on the cutting quality than on the results performed to accomplish by statistical analysis. Research limitations/implications: The objective of the present work paper is to achieve cutting parameters, thus the quality of the cutting process depends upon the plasma gas pressure, scanning speed, cutting power, and cutting height. Practical implications: The product of the plasma cutting process experimentally has been the quality of the cutting equipment that was installed to monitor kerf width quality by exam the edge roughness, kerf width, and the size of the heat-affected zone (HAZ). Originality/value: The results reveal that were technically possessed of including all the relevant characteristics, then a quality control for the cutting and describe the consequence of the process parameters.

3

Badanie wpływu prędkości skanowania na wynik pomiaru odchyłek walcowości za pomocą współrzędnościowej maszyny pomiarowej

Stępień K., Świderski J., Kmiecik-Sołtysiak U.

Mechanik

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2016

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R. 89, nr 11

1636--1637

PL

Artykuł dotyczy problemu wpływu prędkości skanowania na wynik pomiaru odchyłek walcowości za pomocą współrzędnościowej maszyny pomiarowej. Autorzy przeprowadzili badania eksperymentalne przy użyciu współrzędnościowej maszyny pomiarowej wyposażonej w aktywną stykową głowicę skanującą. Badania polegały na pomiarze odchyłki walcowości CYLt trzech elementów przy zastosowaniu 15 wartości prędkości skanowania. Przeprowadzone badania pokazały, że prędkość skanowania ma istotny wpływ na wynik pomiaru odchyłki walcowości. Co więcej, wpływ ten jest różny dla elementów o różnym charakterze nieregularności powierzchni.

EN

The paper discusses the problem how scanning speeds affects results of measurements of cylindricity deviations obtained with the use of a coordinate measuring machine. Authors conducted experimental study applying a coordinate measuring machine equipped with a scanning contact probe-head. The experiment consisted of measurements of cylindricity deviations CYLt of three elements using 15 different scanning speeds. The experiments revealed that scanning speed influence significantly results of measurements of cylindricity deviations. Furthermore, the influence is different for elements that are characterized by different distribution of surface irregularities.

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Wpływ temperatury i prędkości skanowania na szerokość ścieżki zahartowanej wiązką laserową

Grabas B., Najgeburska M., Śliwka Ł., Maj M.

Mechanik

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2008

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R. 81, nr 11

951-953

PL

Dokonano wstępnej analizy wpływu maksymalnej temperatury powierzchni i szybkości obróbki na szerokość zahartowanej ścieżki. Eksperyment dotyczył hartowania laserowego płaskich próbek wykonanych ze stali węglowej C45. Próbki naświetlane były wiązką laserową o symetrii kołowej.

EN

Preliminary analysis of the effect of temperature and scanning speed on width of the laser beam hardened track has been carried out. Experiment related to grade C45 carbon steel plate hardening process with use of laser beam. Samples were treated with laser beam of circular symmetry.