Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Multiple Laser Beam Material Processing

Strite T., Gusenko A., Grupp M., Hoult T.

Biuletyn Instytutu Spawalnictwa w Gliwicach

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2016

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Vol. 60, No. 3

30--33

EN

Technological processes such as welding, braze welding or surface treatment utilising single-spot laser beams as welding power sources are well known and commonly applied. The improvement of technological processes and quality of treatment are subjects of research in terms of new laser welding technologies. The article presents attempted applications of several laser beams having various parameters in the braze welding of car body sheets, the welding of AlSi-coated high strength steels and in the making of polymer-metal joints.

PL

Procesy technologiczne, takie jak: spawanie, lutospawanie czy tez obróbka powierzchniowa, w których stosowana jest wiązka promieniowania laserowego jako spawalnicze źródło ciepła, prowadzone w odmianie klasycznej, tzn. za pomocą jednej wiązki promieniowania, ogniskowanej w jednym obszarze, są ogólnie znane i stosowane przemysłowo. Aby usprawnić przebieg procesu technologicznego oraz uzyskać lepszą jakość obróbki prowadzone są badania w zakresie nowych odmian technologicznych procesów laserowych. W artykule przedstawiono rezultaty zastosowania kilku wiązek laserowych o różnych parametrach zastosowanych w jednym procesie - lutospawania blach karoseryjnych, spawania stali o wysokiej wytrzymałości z powłoką AlSi oraz wykonania połączeń polimer-metal.

2

Badania powierzchniowych i strukturalnych zmian odkształconych plastycznie aluminiowanych taśm stalowych

Żaba K.

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2011

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Vol. 78, nr 8

688--693

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań powierzchniowych i strukturalnych zmian powłoki Al-Si na stalowych taśmach po odkształceniu plastycznym. Wycięte z taśmy krążki poddano procesowi wytłaczania, na specjalnie skonstruowanym przyrządzie, stosując różne warunki tarcia. Następnie wytłoczki poddano ocenie makroskopowej i mikroskopowej. Określono zmiany parametrów chropowatości powierzchni powłoki Al-Si oraz zrealizowano obserwacje struktury powłoki Al-Si w wybranych obszarach wytłoczek.

EN

In the article results of the influence of parameters of plastic deformation on the surface and structural changes of aluminized steel sheets are presented. Deep drawing process on the special device was made with difference friction parameters. Next cups were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic evaluation. Determine changes in the parameters of surface roughness of Al-Si coating and the coating was carried out observations of the structure of Al-Si cups in selected areas.

3

Influence of heat treatment on the Al-Si coating adhesion to steel strips

Żaba K.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2010

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Vol. 10, iss. 3 spec.

17--22

EN

A division of methods of coatings adhesion investigations, with special emphasis on qualitative methods is presented in the paper. The obtained results the Al-Si coating adhesion to a steel strips of DX52D grade are given. This strip was examined before and after the heat treatment in temperatures 250-700oC during 30-1440 minutes. Methods of thermal shock, bending, filing, network of cuts and tensile were applied in examinations. The assessment of the method adequacy was performed. Structure changes of coatings due to the heat treatments are presented as observations made by the scanning electron microscope.

4

The influence of annealing temperature and time on the structure and features of the Al-Si coatings on steel sheets, purposed for pressured welded pipes applied in exhaust systems

Żaba K.

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2009

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Vol. 9, no 2

145-152

EN

The research results shown in the article characterize the initial state of the Al-Si coating on the steel sheet and its evolution, being an effect of the influence of the temperature and the time. The heating was carried out in different temperatures (up to 800 °C) and in different periods. After the heating, observation of the sections with the appliance of a scanning electron microscope was realized and microanalyses of the chemical composition were carried out. The state and the features of the coatings were also tested in technological tests by bumping, deep drawing, bending and expanding. The results of microhardness research, documenting structural changes, are also presented.

PL

Przedstawione w artykule wyniki badań charakteryzują stan początkowy powłoki Al-Si oraz jej ewolucję skutkiem oddziaływania temperatury i czasu. Nagrzewanie prowadzono w różnych temperaturach (do 800 °C) i w różnych czasach. Po nagrzewaniu dokonano obserwacji przekrojów za pomocą elektronowego mikroskopu skaningowego oraz dokonano mikroanaliz składu chemicznego. Badano również stan i własności powłok w testach technologicznych, w tym mikrotwardość, dokumentującą zmiany strukturalne.

5

Ocena jakości taśmy stalowej z powłoką Al-Si, przeznaczonej na rury zgrzewane

Żaba K.

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne

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2008

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R. 53, nr 11

680-694

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań stalowych taśm z powłoką Al-Si w stanie dostawy, przeznaczonych na zgrzewanie rury, wykorzystywane jako elementy układów wydechowych. Badaniom poddano taśmy z gatunku DX52D+AS120 i DX53D+AS120. Określono skład chemiczny, własności mechaniczne taśm, ich grubość, chropowatość i grubość powłoki. Dodatkowo wykonano badania przyczepności, odporności korozyjnej oraz odporności powłoki na działanie cykli cieplnych. Wyniki przedstawiono za pomocą narzędzi dostępnych w profesjonalnym programie Statistica oraz obserwacji makro- i mikroskopowych.

EN

The input materials for manufacturing welded tubes for elements of exhaust systems (strictly correlated and dependent from diameter and wall thickness of the manufactured tubes) are coiled, narrow strips, usually hot rolled (of very good surface quality), and, in case of precise tubes, cold rolled, of thickness determined by wall thickness of ready tubes. This input, directly after transferring to the technological line, is subjected to mechanical processing of edges and joined into an endless strip in the way of cross-wise welding of following coils. Furtherly, in a continuous line, the strip is formed into a tube, welded, calibrated and cut. For production of tubes provided for exhaust systems, strips of low-carbon steel or chromic seel are used. In the hereby work, two grades of steel strips with silumine coating - DX52D+AS120 and DX53D+AS120 - were subjected to detailed tests. The silumine coating is produced in the way of hot dip galvanizing, by submersion in a liquid Al-Si alloy, containing ca. 8-11 % Si. Addition of silicon significantly increases the resistance against performance of high temperatures and decreases problems connected with coating. A characteristic feature of this specific material is the presence of Al-Fe-Si diffusive layer between the metal and the coating, possessing good influence on adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating. Simultaneously, increase of thickness of this layer, as well as of the thickness of the coating, results in decreasing material's capability for deforming. The work presents results of tests of delivered steel strips with Al-Si coating, provided for welded tubes applied as elements of exhaust systems. The chemical composition, mechanical properties, thickness and porosity of the steel strips, as well as the thickness of the coating, have been determined. Additionally, researches of coating resistance against performance of heat cycles, adhesion and corrosion resistance have been conducted. Results were presented by application of tools available in the professional Statistica program, as well as micro- and macroscope observations.

6

Badania efektów działania wysokiej temperatury, czasu i atmosfery na użytkowe własności powłoki Al-Si na stalowych rurach przeznaczonych na elementy układów wydechowych

Żaba K., Kąc S.

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne

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2008

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R. 53, nr 11

694-704

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu wysokiej temperatury (700-1050 stopni Celsjusza), czasu (2-70 godzin) i atmosfery ochronnej na zachowanie się powłoki Al-Si na stalowych rurach zgrzewanych przeznaczonych na elementy układów wydechowych. Badania przeprowadzono w przemysłowych piecach grzewczych. Analizowano wpływ wymienionych parametrów na zmianę struktury, składu chemicznego, własności oraz przyczepności powłoki. Wyniki badań zobrazowano za pomocą fotografii, mikroanaliz i wykresów.

EN

Steel strips with Al-Si coating are produced by the method of hot dip galvanizing. The condition of forming a continuous dip coating is good wettability of steel by the smelt metal of the coating. Wetting results from mutual diffusion of atoms of liquid metal of the coating and atoms of solid steel. A thin layer of inter-metal phases raises between the Al-Si coating and the steel, referred to as Al-Fe-Si diffusive layer. The diffusion layer provides a protection against corrosion and results in much better adhesion between the steel and the coatings in comparison to coatings produced by other methods. Simultaneously, the layer is thin and brittle, resulting in worsening strips' deformation features. Increase of layer's thickness results also in restricting the capacity for deformations and joining elements of this specific bimetal. For many years, researches have been conducted on improving the quality of dip coatings by proper thermal processing or changes in chemical composition of the coating. Examples of modern, hot dip galvanize coatings, can be: "Galvannealing", "Galvalume" and "Galfan". Searching for a new kind of coating is justified due to the expected improvement of their corrosion and mechanical resistance. This is particularly important in case of steel tubes with Al-Si coating, applied on elements of exhaust systems. The paper presents the results of researches of influence of high temperature (700-1050 degrees of Celsius), time (2-70 h) and protection atmosphere (nitrogen, hydrogen, vacuum) on changes of structure, chemical composition, features and capability for deformations of Al-Si coating on steel strips and tubes. The tests were conducted in industrial conditions, using furnaces for heat processing with protection atmospheres.

7

Badania powłoki Al-Si na rurach, przeznaczonych na układy wydechowe

Nowak S., Żaba K., Kąc S., Starzykowski S., Mazur R.

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne

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2004

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R. 49, nr 10-11

551-556

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań, zrealizowanych w ramach prac nad wdrożeniem i doskonaleniem technologii produkcji zgrzewanych rur stalowych z powłoką Al-Si, przeznaczonych na elementy układów wydechowych. Badania powłoki obejmowały jej grubość, mikrogeometrię powierzchni, odporność na cykle cieplne i odkształcenie. Prezentowane są wyniki badań ewolucji stanu powłoki, poddanej działaniu wysokiej temperatury w różnym czasie.

EN

The paper presents results of tests of Al-Si coats thickness, corrosion resistance, stability to heat and time, results of tests of evolution of condition of the coat in production processes and during operation of exhaust systems are also presented. The coat was evaluated on the basis of heat cycle tests results, measurement of thickness and micro-geometry of the surface, corrosion resistance, heat and time stability. A normalized heat cycle test consisting in multiple heating and sudden cooling of a sample was performed. Condition of the coat was evaluated. Measurements of thickness and micro-geometry of coats on sheets from various suppliers. Action of increased temperature and time were tested in view to find out what impact conditions of a welding processes have on coat conditions and what effect has the increased temperature during operation. To answer the first question we observed samples after welding and performed simulation tests. The samples were heated to defined temperature and structural effects and changes in chemical composition were observed. Heating temperature was defined on the basis of specially designed measurements of thermal field in the weld zone. To this end we used a thermovision camera. The second question was answered on the basis of tests consisting in heating samples in various temperatures (150-800 degrees centigrade) in varied time (3-168 h), and observation of coats and degree of diffusion of the components. Further, the heated samples with coats were tested by rolling, multiple bending and expanding. The coat in the weld zone, in the path which appeared after the flush was removed, was made up with thermal-mechanical method, making used of dynamics of exhaust gas stream in a acetylene blowpipe (spraying). Conclusions include proposal to introduce an operation of removing the coat from strip edges before forming a slit tube and using Al-Si coat instead of pure aluminium after the operation of flush removal.

8

Analiza przyczyn perforacji rur ze stopu Al z lutowniczą powłoką Al-Si.

Nowak S., Żaba K., Bronicki M., Kąc S.

Rudy i Metale Nieżelazne

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2004

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R. 49, nr 10-11

568-572

PL

W artykule zamieszczono analizę problemu i wyniki badań, zmierzających do wyjaśnienia przyczyn awarii (perforacji) rur formowanych z taśmy ze stopu Al z powłoką lutowniczą Al-Si. Do awarii dochodzi podczas lutowania elementów wymiennika ciepła w temperaturze około 600 stopni Celsjusza.

EN

The paper includes methods and results of tests aiming at explanation of the cause of failure (perforation) of tubes formed from Al alloy strip with small content of Mn, Fe, Cu with Al-Si coating soldered in temperature about 600 degrees centigrade. A problem occurred in production of vehicle coolers made of Al alloy, where tubes for the exchanger were made of an Al-Si coated strip soldered with elements of the radiator in temperature of about 600 degrees centigrade. Initial analysis and microscopic observation excluded mechanical damages, so we concentrated on material the tube has been made of and high temperature of the soldering process. One cause of damage may be locally disturbed chemical content, which may always happen, that is increased content of needle-shaped silicon may weaken the strip at certain points on next production stages. The observed perforation may take place in the increased temperature, higher than eutectic temperature, especially in a local change of coat thickness. Local disturbance of chemical content not in the coat but in the base may be another reason for damage. We observed with an electronic scanning microscope and made micro-analysis of chemical content of characteristic points at the strip section near the perforation. The observations confirmed influence of high temperature (melted edges of the hole). So it may be assumed that perforation takes place during soldering. Analysis of the chemical content indicates what a probable cause of perforation is. It is locally excessive copper content. Perforation mechanism may be more complex. Existence of Al2Cu phase may result in earlier disturbance of material cohesion, as early as in, for instance, rolling phase. Flux agent operation is also possible.