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Związek dysfunkcji wzrokowych z wybranymi zaburzeniami postawy ciała

Kosobucka Zuzanna, Bobrowska Marlena, Pniewski Jacek

Optyka

|

2023

|

Nr 2

64--67

PL

Nauki medyczne coraz częściej stosują holistyczne podejście do leczenia pacjenta. Zakłada ono, że organizm człowieka jest układem całościowym i należy leczyć cały organizm, nie ograniczając się do konkretnego narządu. Zgodnie z tym podejściem, przyczyny danego zaburzenia można szukać nawet w daleko oddalonych obszarach ciała. Mięśnie szkieletowe odgrywają w tym kluczową rolę ze względu na anatomiczny „łańcuch", który tworzą, spajając szkielet człowieka. Powstanie napięcia w jednej części tego łańcucha prowadzi do mechanizmów kompensacyjnych reszty układu. Przykładem takiego mechanizmu jest wyrównawcze ustawienie głowy, powstające w wyniku kompensacji zeza, co sugeruje wpływ zaburzeń wzrokowych na jakość przyjmowanej postawy ciała [1].

2

The effects of the weight of school supplies carried on the right or left shoulder on postural features in the sagittal and transverse planes in seven-year-old pupils of both genders

Mrozkowiak Mirosław, Stępień-Słodkowska Marta

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2021

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Vol. 23, no. 3

33--45

EN

Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine how the weight of a school backpack with school supplies carried on the right or left shoulder influences body posture in schoolchildren. Methods: The study of body posture was carried out on a group of 65 pupils aged 7, using the mora projection method in the following eight positions: (four positions for the diagonal loading of the right shoulder and four positions for the loading of the left shoulder) 1 – the habitual posture, 2 – the posture after a 10-minute asymmetric loading, 3 – the posture one minute after removing the load and 4 – the posture two minutes after removing the load. The fitness level was measured using the Sekita test. Results: Among the boys, the load on the left or right shoulder showed a statistically significant difference in the analyzed features, apart from the angle of inclination of the lumbosacral segment for the load on the right shoulder. In the girls, significant differences were observed in all of the analyzed features. Conclusions: The mode of carriage of school items may cause significant adaptation changes in the skeletal, muscular, and nervous system. Overall fitness affects the size of postural changes. The method of carriage of school supplies with asymmetric loading of the body trunk should not be practised among 7-year-old children of both sexes. The load should be smaller to affect the posture symmetrically.

3

The relationship between sagittal spinal curvatures and isokinetic trunk muscle endurance after aquatic exercise training in survivors of breast cancer

Hanuszkiewicz Justyna Maria, Woźniewski Marek, Malicka Iwona

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2020

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Vol. 22, no. 1

21--30

EN

Assessment of the impact of aquatic exercises on the relationship between sagittal spinal curvatures and isokinetic trunk muscle endurance against standard land exercises in women after breast cancer treatment. Methods: 40 women post breast cancer divided into two groups: a study group (n = 20) participated in the aquatic exercises and a control group (n = 20) performed the land exercises. Data collection occurred both before and after the 8 week intervention. Measurements were taken from the SG and CG performing antagonistic movements (flexions/extensions) to assess the endurance (120 °/s) in isokinetic conditions and a photogrammetric examination to define sagittal spinal curvatures. Results: A significant improvement ( p < 0.05) in total work and average power was found among women after the aquatic exercises irrespective of the muscle group under examination. There were no significant changes in any examined parameters after the land exercises. In the study group, there was a significant association of gamma angle decrease and an increase of all examined functional parameters of total work and average power of both the extensor muscles (r = –0,49 to –0.51) and the trunk flexors (r = –0.48 to –0.51). In the control group, a similar tendency of functional-postural changes was observed only for the extensor muscles of the trunk (r = –0.54 to –0.58). Conclusions: General exercises performed in water, as opposed to those performed on land, are more effective in terms of the functional-postural retations in women after breast cancer.

4

The influence of Nordic walking on isokinetic trunk muscle endurance and sagittal spinal curvatures in women after breast cancer treatment

Hanuszkiewicz Justyna Maria, Woźniewski Marek, Malicka Iwona

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2020

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Vol. 22, no. 2

47--54

EN

The aim of this work was to assess the impact of Nordic walking on sagittal spinal curvatures and isokinetic trunk muscle endurance in women after breast cancer treatment. Methods: Thirty-nine breast cancer survivors were divided into two groups: a study group (n = 19) that performed Nordic walking, and a control group (n = 20) that performed a standard general exercise programme. Body posture was assessed using Moiré photogrammetry and trunk muscle (flexors and extensors) endurance at 120°/s was measured isokinetically. Statistical analyses were based on two-way ANOVA with Scheffe post hoc tests and Pearson’s r correlation tests. Results: Women who completed the 8-week Nordic walking intervention showed significant improvements in average power and total work, irrespective of the muscle group investigated. Following training intervention, greater strength-velocity values of the trunk muscles were observed in the study group, compared to the control group. There were no significant changes in postural parameters or correlations for trunk muscle function within spinal curvatures before and after the training interventions. When both groups were combined (Nordic walking + general exercises), functional-postural correlations following the intervention showed a statistically significant tendency toward a reduced inclination of the upper thoracic section, together with increases in all tested functional parameters of the trunk flexor and extensor muscles (r = –0.33 to r = –0.37). Conclusions: Compared to a standard general exercise programme, Nordic walking is more effective for improving isokinetic trunk muscle endurance in women after breast cancer. However, no changes in sagittal spinal curvatures were observed after the 8-week Nordic walking and general exercise interventions.

5

Quality of body posture and postural stability in people with intellectual disability playing volleyball

Bibrowicz Karol, Szurmik Tomasz, Wodarski Piotr, Michnik Robert, Mysliwiec Andrzej, Barszcz Jacek, Mikołajewski Grzegorz, Mitas Andrzej

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

|

2019

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Vol. 21, no. 1

23--30

EN

The quality of body posture and its balance depends on the efficiency of the receptors, the good work of the central nervous system integrating and coordinating the postural system and the effective musculoskeletal system. Physical activity of people with intellectual disability can stimulate the processes of improving the posture and its postural stability, improving the quality of life. Methods: The study was conducted in 2017. 20 randomly selected volleyball players with intellectual disabilities and 10 healthy players took part in it. Body posture was recorded using a photogrammetric system. To evaluate the use of the Frohner Posture Index and the Dolphens classification, stability of the posture was assessed on the Zebris FDM power plate, analyzing the basic stabilographic parameters sway path and sway area. Results: Athletes with intellectual disabilities had significantly poorer posture and body balance than healthy players. There were no differences in postural stability between the groups studied. Some linear correlations were found between the quality of posture and balance and stabilographic variables. Conclusions: Incorrect postural patterns, observed in people with intellectual disabilities, require the development of special recovery programs. Qualified physical activity can help them improve their balance systems, reducing the risk of falls and injuries. The lack of the possibility of an unequivocal relationship between the quality of body posture and its stability requires research on a larger research material. New evaluation methods used (Frohner Posture index and Dolphens classification) confirmed their usefulness and gave new possibilities of application in postural research.

6

The assessment of the relationships between body posture indices and the Y-Balance Test results in the adolescents

Walaszek R., Chwała W., Walaszek K., Burdacki M.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2018

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Vol. 20, no. 2

149--157

EN

The purpose of this work was to assess the differences of the values of body posture indices, measured with the Moire’s method, between girls and boys aged 13 and the relationships of these values with the results of the Y-Balance Test. Methods: The study involved a group of healthy volunteers attending junior high schools in Cracow. The group consisted of 20 girls and 35 boys. Basic somatic parameters were measured within this work: body height and weight. Body posture was assessed according to the general methodology of the Moire’s technique and 14 body posture indices were obtained as a result: 6 in the sagittal plane, 1 in the axial plane and 7 in the coronal plane. Postural stability was assessed with the Y-Balance Test (YBT). Results: The studied girls and boys had practically the same body posture – statistical differences were found only in 3 out of 14 assessed indices measured with the Moire’s technique. Scoliosis was found in as many as 51% of the subjects, however, mean values of deviations from the C7-S1 line were not large. Conclusions: In the group of girls, the set of blades (below – above) was statistically significantly correlated with the global YBT result for the right inferior extremity, and in the group of boys – the set of the waist triangles (below – above) was statistically significantly correlated with the global YBT results for the right and left inferior extremities.

7

Influence of body posture on foot load distribution in young school-age children

Wojtków M., Szkoda-Poliszuk K., Szotek S.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2018

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Vol. 20, no. 2

101--107

EN

Young school-age children are particularly prone to postural defects because they are in a period of development of the spine that is exposed to a number of factors impairing its normal growth. A change in the shape of the spinal column causes a shift in the centre of gravity. Therefore, this study attempted to assess the influence of body posture on distribution of the load transferred by the lower limbs. Methods: For each of the examined children, this study determined the parameters describing the body posture with the use of the photogrammetric method and the parameters describing plantar force distribution. The statistical analyses were performed using the U Mann– Whitney test and the student’s t-test. The correlations between the parameters of the body posture and the parameters describing the foot load distribution were analysed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. These analyses were performed at a statistically significant level of p < 0.05. Results: The tests conducted showed an occurrence of postural defects in about 42% of the subjects and excessively uneven loading of the lower limbs in about 65% of the children. Conclusions: The authors obtained a medium intensity correlation between the analysed parameters for the groups of boys and girls.

8

Czynniki wpływające na zmianę postawy ciała u dzieci w wieku szkolnym

Śmigiel S., Pawlak Ż., Andryszczyk M., Topoliński T.

Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki

|

2017

|

z. 14

51--58

PL

Celem pracy było określenie w jakim stopniu wprowadzenie szafek w instytucjach szkolnych wpływa na prawidłowość rozwoju układu kostno-stawowego u dzieci w wieku szkolnym. Za cel drugorzędny określono ocenę wpływu przeciążeń wynikających ze zbyt ciężkiego plecaka szkolnego na rozwój wad postawy u dzieci. W pracy powyższe cele powiązano z analizą aktywności fizycznej wykazywaną przez dzieci, oceną stopnia nadwagi i warunków związanych z edukacją szkolną, m.in. prawidłowym ułożeniem plecaka szkolnego na plecach, jego ciężarem oraz przyjmowaną pozycją podczas uczenia.

EN

The aim of the study was to determine to what extent the introduction of lockers in school institutions influences the correct development of the skeletal joint system of school children. The secondary aim was to assess the impact of overloads resulting from too heavy a school backpack on the development of postural defects. In this work, the above objectives were linked to the analysis of physical activity reported by children, the assessment of the degree of overweight and the conditions related to school education, including correct placement of school backpack, weight and accepted position during learning.

9

The effects of an early intrahospital rehabilitation on weight bearing during lower extremity lengthening with Ilizarov`s Method

Morasiewicz P., Konieczny G., Kuciel N.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2017

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Vol. 19, no. 2

59--64

EN

Purpose : Exerting axial pressure on the affected lower limb remains one of the most crucial elements of Ilizarov method . Objective was to determine the effects of an early intrahospital rehabilitation on weight bearing during lower extremity lengthening with Ilizarov`s Method. Methods: Study included 15 patients who underwent lower limb lengthening. The patients were tested on the third day after surgery using the pedobarographic platform. The tests were performed four times in the standing position:twice with the support of forearm crutches and twice without crutches. Patients were asked to either remain in the relaxed standing position(two tests) or use the lower limb equipped with Ilizarov apparatus to support the body weight(two tests). Results: In relaxed stance average pressure with forearm crutches was 24.1% for affected limb, as compared to 75.9% for the healthy limb. In test without forearm crutches average pressure for affected limb was 26.1%, as compared to 73.9% for the healthy limb. Patients shifted body weight to the affected limb with forearm crutches on average, at the rate of 53.6% . In test without forearm crutches the affected limb was supporting the body weight at the rate of 48.26%. None of the patients was able to fully support the body weight on the affected leg. Conclusions: In spite of strict physiotherapy regimen,patients are, neither able to equally distribute their body weight between the two lower limbs ,nor to shift their body weight to the limb equipped with Ilizarov apparatus.

10

Assessment of cervical range of motion, cervical core strength and scapular dyskinesia in violin players

Tawde P., Dabadghav R., Bedekar N., Shyam A., Sancheti P.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2016

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Vol. 22, No. 4

572--576

EN

Background. Playing the violin can lead to asymmetric postures which can affect the cervical range of motion, cervical core strength and scapular stability. Objective. The objective of the study was to assess the cervical range of motion, cervical core strength and scapular dyskinesia in violin players and non-players of the same age group. Methods. An inclinometer was used to assess the cervical range of motion, pressure biofeedback was used to assess cervical core strength and scapular dyskinesia was also assessed in 30 professional violin players (18–40 years) compared with 30 age-matched non-players. Analysis was done using an unpaired t test. Results. Significant change was seen with respect to extension (p = 0.051), cervical core strength (p = 0.005), right (Rt) superior angle 0° (p = 0.004), Rt superior angle 45° (p = 0.015) and Rt inferior angle 90° (p = 0.013). Conclusion. This study shows a significant difference in extension range of motion and cervical core strength of violin players. Also, there was scapular dyskinesia seen at 0° and 45° right-side superior angle of the scapula and 90° right-side inferior angle of the scapula.

11

Assessment of postural stability in patients with lumbar spine chronic disc disease

Truszczyńska A., Dobrzyńska M., Trzaskoma Z., Drzał-Grabiec J., Tarnowski A.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2016

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Vol. 18, no. 4

71--77

EN

Purpose: The pain, motor and sensory deficits are common symptoms of the lumbar disc disorder, and they can significantly affect human postural control. The aim of this study was to assess postural stability in patients with severe symptoms of lumbar spine disc disease qualifying them for surgical treatment and to compare them with a control group. Methods The study involved 103 subjects: 54 patients and 49 healthy subjects. Patient’s mean age was 46.4 ± 11.3 years, mean body height 172.2 ± 10.3 cm, mean body mass was 83.1 ± 18.9 kg and mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.9 ± 5.2 kg m-2. The mean time of their recent pain episode was 9.7 ± 8.5 month. Results: We found statistically significant differences between postural stability in patients with lumbar spine disc disease and the control group. The measurements taken with eyes closed, as compared with the clinical control group, revealed higher and statistically significant values of the mean amplitude of COP, mean amplitude of COP on sagittal plane, and maximal sway in sagittal plane parameters. The analysis of pressure value differences between the right and left lower limbs in both groups revealed statistical significance. In the study population the difference was significantly greater in comparison to the control group. The patients has significantly greater asymmetry of lower limb load. Conclusions: 1. Patients with lumbar spine discogenic pain had decreased postural control. 2. The patients had significant asymmetry in foot pressure, resultant from pain radiating to a lower limb.

12

Impact of Male Body Posture and Shape on Design and Garment Fit

Petrak S., Mahnic M., Rogale D.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2015

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Vol. 23, no. 6 (114)

150--158

EN

This paper presents a study of the impact of body posture and the presence of functional and structural body changes on garment fit. 3D scanning on a sample of 50 male test subjects was performed. Body posture indicators were determined on 3D body models and a statistical analysis of the results obtained was performed. Test subjects from the sample were divided into three groups according to body posture types. Three body models with different body dimensions and different physiological spine curvature were selected and imported into a 2D/3D CAD system for computer-based garment simulation. 3D simulation of a men’s jacket in the closest garment size was performed on selected body models. Garment fit was analysed on every simulated model and based on the analysis performed, garment pattern elements and measurements where it is necessary to enable modifications were determined. The most complex part of the research refers to the development of a parametric computer-based garment model which will be able to adjust according to anthropometric body measurements and body shapes with a different physiological spine curvature. Relationships between targeted body measurements and their impact on modifications of pattern segments were investigated as a starting point for defining mathematical expressions according to which values of measurement changes on the garment pattern will be calculated. A parametric garment model pattern which enables adjustments according to different body sizes and body postures types was developed. Verification of the method developed was performed using computer-based 3D simulations on 3D body models with prominent problems of body posture.

PL

W pracy zaprezentowano badania wpływu postawy ciała i występowania funkcjonalnych i strukturalnych zmian ciała na dopasowanie ubioru. Przeprowadzano skanowanie 3D próby składającej się z 50 męskich osobników. Określono indykatory postawy na modelach 3D i przeprowadzono statystyczną analizę. Uzyskane wyniki podzielono na trzy grupy biorąc pod uwagę typy postawy ciała. Uzyskano modele o różnych wymiarach i różnych fizjologicznych krzywiznach kręgosłupa i wprowadzono je w system 2D/3D CAD dla przeprowadzenia komputerowej symulacji ubrań. Przeprowadzono symulację 3D męskiej marynarki. Analizowano dopasowanie ubioru na każdym z symulowanych modeli i na tej podstawie określono elementy wzoru i wymiary. Określono również miejsca, które należy poddać modyfikacji. Najbardziej złożona część badań dotyczyła opracowania parametrycznego modelu ubioru, który umożliwiałby dostosowanie odpowiednie do antropometrycznych wymiarów ciała i różnych fizjologicznych krzywizn kręgosłupa. Opracowano parametryczny model ubioru, który umożliwia dostosowanie do różnych kształtów ciała i typów postawy. Weryfikacja opracowanej metody została przeprowadzona przy zastosowaniu symulacji komputerowej 3D.

13

The effect of measurement position on brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity

Shimawaki S., Toda M., Nakabayashi M., Sakai N.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2015

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Vol. 17, no. 1

111--116

EN

Arterial stiffness measurements are primarily used for the early detection of arteriosclerosis. Methods and devices that can easily measure arterial stiffness at home are in demand. We propose a simple method for measuring brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) at home using a reclining chair and investigate the effects of positioning on baPWV measurement. We measured baPWV in 50 healthy men (21–70 years) in seven different measurement positions, including the supine position, sitting, sitting with the knees flexed at 45°, sitting with the knees flexed at 0°, reclining at 37°, reclining at 50°, and standing. BaPWV was significantly lower in the supine position (P < 0.01) than in the other positions. It was significantly higher in the sitting position (P < 0.01) than in the reclining position (37°). No changes in baPWV were seen changing the knee flexion angle alone while sitting. Strong correlations were also observed between baPWV in the supine position and that in other positions. We showed that baPWV in the supine position can be calculated by making corrections to baPWV measured in the sitting position at a reclining angle. Utilizing this corrected value would allow easy measurement at home using a reclining chair.

14

Hip strategy alterations in patients with history of low disc herniation and non-specific low back pain measured by surface electromyography and balance platform

Ciesielska J., Lisiński P., Bandosz A., Huber J., Kulczyk A., Lipiec J.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2015

|

Vol. 17, no. 3

103--108

EN

Purpose: The appearance of pathology in the lumbar spine, such as a previous episode of low disc herniation or non-specific low back pain contributes to improper activation of the hip muscles. The aim of the study was to detect alterations in hip strategy manifested by differences in balance parameters and rectus femoris and gluteus maximus activity in people with previous episode of pain radiation to one lower limb caused by low disc herniation or non-specific low back pain. Methods: We studied 11 patients with history of low-disc herniation, 9 patients with history of non-specific low back pain and 10 healthy subjects. Hip strategy alterations were detected by measuring rectus femoris and gluteus maximus activity in bilateral surface polyelectromyographic recordings and by stability measurements on a balance platform. Results: In the surface polyelectromyography study, in both patients' group the value of the average amplitude was higher and the amount of the fluctuations was lower than in healthy subjects. There were no significant differences in stability parameters. Conclusions: A changed pattern of hip muscles activity was detected in the patients without changes in stability parameters. Greater disorder occurs in people in with previous episode of pain radiation to one lower limb caused by low disc herniation than in people with non-specific low back pain.

15

Postural stability disorders in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip

Truszczyńska A., Rąpała K., Gmitrzykowska E., Trzaskoma Z., Drzał-Grabiec J.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

|

2014

|

Vol. 16, no. 1

45--50

EN

The osteoarthritis of the hip dominant symptom is pain that leads to disability and to postural and gait disorders. The aim of this study was to analyze postural stability and its impact on disability and pain. The study population consisted of 60 patients and control group of 30. Group 1 (n = 30) included patients with unilateral coxarthrosis, aged 56.2 (±12.3) years, BMI 25.17 (±2.87) kg/m2. There were 16 men (53.3%). The mean age of patients in group 2 (n = 30) with bilateral coxarthrosis was 62.3 (±12.1) years; the mean BMI was 24.87 (±2.06) kg/m2. There were 15 men in this group (50%). The patients were evaluated using the WOMAC, the Harris Hip Score, VAS and the Biodex Balance System. Both study groups had stability index results different than the control group. There was a significant correlation between the stability indexes and BMI. VAS correlated with the M-L plane variance. In group 2, there were significant differences related to disability for the disability scales for all measured parameters. Balance disorder is a basic parameter found in coxathrosis. There is a statistically significant correlation between balance disorders and BMI, VAS and functional scales.

16

Disparity of a Seat Cushion and Its Influence on Postural Control

Nag P.K., Nag A., Vyas H., Shah P.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

|

2013

|

Vol. 19, No. 4

573--581

EN

Properties of supporting surfaces of a seat have an influence on postural control. Centre of pressure (COP) displacement parameters reflect both the balance controlling process and movements of the centre of a mass of entire body. The subjects of the study were 9 healthy men. A seat cushion was examined with a 2-force platform setup. Force exertion at a seat pan and feet and COP displacement at a seat pan were measured to analyse postural control. Analysis of variance determined the differences in postural control depending on a cushion type among the subjects. Significant differences in COP displacement parameters were in COP trajectory length, medio-lateral COP displacement and COP velocity. The results of the study showed that foam cushion ensures better postural control.

17

Influence of upper extremity position on EMG signal measures calculated in time, frequency and time-frequency domains

Wang J., Bartuzi P., Roman-Liu D.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

|

2013

|

Vol. 15, no. 4

83--91

EN

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between time-frequency, time and frequency measures when considering various upper extremity positions below the level of the shoulder and in trapezius as well as deltoideus muscles. During the experiment, 15 subjects performed a task that involved screwing and unscrewing a screw cap on a board in six different locations, i.e., there were six upper extremity positions. Variables were calculated in the time, frequency and time-frequency domains on a recorded EMG signal. The results showed that parameters analyzed in the time-frequency domain were more sensitive to changes in position than parameters analyzed in the frequency domain.

18

Kształt krzywizn przednio-tylnych kręgosłupa w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej dziewcząt uprawiających piłkę ręczną

Barczyk-Pawelec K., Giemza C., Jastrzębska R., Hawrylak A., Kaczkowska A.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

|

2012

|

Vol. 18, nr 4

237--242

PL

Celem pracy była ocena kształtu krzywizn kręgosłupa u 112 dziewcząt o różnym stopniu aktywności fizycznej. Grupę badawczą stanowiły dziewczęta – piłkarki ręczne w wieku 8-17 lat należące do Klubu Piłki Ręcznej Kobierzyce. Ze względu na dużą rozbieżność wiekową grupę podzielono na dwie podgrupy: młodsze piłkarki (8-12 lat, N = 30) oraz starsze (13-17, N = 25). Następnie wyznaczono dwie grupy kontrolne – młodsze i starsze dziewczęta nietrenujące żadnej dyscypliny sportowej. Wszystkie dziewczęta zostały przebadane metodą fotogrametryczną. Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników dokonano analizy parametrów płaszczyzny strzałkowej. Zbadano częstość występowania typów i podtypów postawy ciała w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej metodą Wolańskiego w modyfikacji Zeyland-Malawki oraz występowanie postawy prawidłowej i nieprawidłowej u piłkarek ręcznych w porównaniu do nietrenujących rówieśniczek. Stwierdzono, iż dominującym typem postawy u piłkarek ręcznych (młodszych i starszych) był typ kifotyczny. Przyczyn tej tendencji doszukiwano się w specyfice treningu sportowego piłkarzy, w którym znaczną część stanowił bieg z piłką w pochylonej postawie ciała.

EN

The aim of the study was the evaluation of spinal curvatures of 112 girls, characterized by diverse physical fitness habits. The research was carried out among female handball players, aged 8-17 years, members of the Handball Club in Kobierzyce. Due to the age differences, two subgroups were examined: younger group (8-12 years old girls, N = 30) and older one (13-17 years old girls, N = 25). Then, two control groups were determined, consisted of younger and older girls, not subjected to regular professional training. The body posture was measured by means of photogrammetric method. On the basis of the results, the parameters of the sagittal plane, were analyzed. The incidence of types and subtypes of body posture in the sagittal plane was investigated by Wolański method with Zeyland-Malawki modifications. The same technique was used to examine the presence of normal and abnormal postures in both groups. It was found that the kyphotic type of the posture was dominant in the handball players (young and old). The reason for this tendency was the specificity of the training, in which a significant part was running with the ball in the bending position.

19

Analiza wzorców kompensacji pionowej postawy ciała u dzieci po obciążeniu plecakiem szkolnym

Dobosz D., Sobota G.

Aktualne Problemy Biomechaniki

|

2011

|

z. 5

19--24

PL

Na temat reakcji posturalnej dziecka na obciążenie w postaci plecaka powstało wiele prac badawczych. Oceniały one parametry stabilograficzne, zmiany w postawie ciała, relacje między ciężarem i położeniem plecaka, a jakością tych zmian. Autorzy chcąc uzupełnić dotychczas uzyskaną wiedzę na ten temat zdecydowali się na zaprojektowanie badania, które obejmuje próby z plecakiem założonym nie tylko z tyłu, ale i z przodu ciała co pozwoli stwierdzić czy tak zadane obciążenie wywoła różne wzorce kompensacyjne.

EN

Until now many researches about Children‟s postural response to backpack load were done. Research workers have already evaluated changes in the posturographic parameters, body posture, relationship between the size, location of the backpack and the quality of these changes etc. To broaden knowledge about that issue authors decided to do experiment which compares two situations: when backpack is placed at the back and in the front of the body. Such experiment may point out whether this two conditions determine different compensation patterns.

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Zastosowanie urządzenia diagnostyczno-pomiarowego Posturometr-S do oceny ruchomości kręgosłupa u młodzieży w wieku 13-15 lat

Chromik K., Micherda M., Sobiech K., Śliwa D.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

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2010

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Vol. 16, nr 3

205-207

PL

Celem pracy było zbadanie zakresu ruchomości kręgosłupa w grupie 47 chłopców i dziewcząt w wieku od 13 do 15 lat za pomocą urządzenia diagnostyczno-pomiarowego Posturometru-S. Uzyskane wyniki nie wykazały istotnych statystycznie zależności między ruchomością lędźwiowego i piersiowego odcinka kręgosłupa a rotacją i obniżeniem miednicy oraz skrótem kończyny dolnej.

EN

The purpose of examination was to evaluate the range of mobility of spine in a group of 47 persons, aged from 13 to 15, by using of Posturometr-S. The obtained results have not shown statistically substantial dependence between the mobility of lumbar and thoracic section of the backbone and rotation, as well as the lowering of the pelvis and shortening of bottom limb. Posturometr-S has turned out to be a device, having wide application at the evaluation and measurement of body posture.