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Experimental Research on Automotive Laminated Glass

Kosiński P., Mańkowski J., Żach P.

Machine Dynamics Research

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2017

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Vol. 41, No. 4

97--100

EN

During the impact of a motor vehicle on a pedestrian, the head, depending on the height of the victim, hits the hood or the windscreen. The windscreens are laminates made of two outer layers of glass and an inner layer of Polyvinyl Butyral resin (PVB). The aim of the study is to estimate pedestrian safety during an impact on laminated glass. Material examination of PVB are a fundamental step to understanding the behavior of the material as a component of a composite glass. Quasi-static stretching of the PVB sample was performed at deformation speed from 0.0066 to 0.13 [1/s]. Obtained curves shows that depending on deformation speed, material deforms in a range of 192-292% until destruction and the tensile strength varies in the range of 92-106MPa. After deformation of the material, its shape restored to its original dimensions. This proves its hyperelastic properties. Obtained curves were used to validate a material model in a virtual environment. An identical stretch test was performed in the FEM system. Coincidence with the real sample for the 2-order Ogden model was obtained. The effect of type and size of finite elements on the glass-cracking process was considered using the Johnson-Holmquist model. Simulations of PVB layer destruction were performed using the maximum deformation criterion. The developed PVB and glass model was used in impactor - adult head impact simulations on a complete laminated glass.

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Sprzężone zespoły szyb w pojazdach

Kosiński P., Żach P.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

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2017

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R. 18, nr 12

257--259, CD

PL

Celem pracy była ocena bezpieczeństwa pieszego w trakcie uderzenia w szybę laminowaną. W artykule omówiono zagadnienia weryfikacji cech mechanicznych materiałów funkcjonalnych stosowanych na sprzężone zespoły szyb samochodowych oraz metodykę zachowania się struktur warstwowych stosowanych w warunkach pracy krytycznej.

EN

The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety of unprotected traffic users during the impact on the laminated glass. The paper discusses the problems of verification of mechanical properties of functional materials used on coupled windshield assemblies and the methodology of behavior of layered structures used in critical operating conditions.

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Recykling odpadów z szyb samochodowych i szkła budowalnego z folią PVB

Mederski T., Gawdzik A.

Proceedings of ECOpole

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2016

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Vol. 10, No. 2

721--731

PL

Dokonano analizy możliwości wykorzystania odpadów z szyb samochodowych klejonych oraz bezpiecznego szkła budowlanego z folią PVB. Aktualnie najczęściej stosowaną folią w szkle klejonym jest folia poliwinylobutyralu (PVB). Niniejsza praca przedstawia analizę możliwości odzyskania surowców w postaci folii PVB i szkła z odpadów szyb klejonych. Analizowana metoda polega na rozpuszczeniu folii PVB oraz separacji folii od kawałków szkła. Przedstawiono również możliwości zastosowania rozpuszczonej folii PVB, a szkła jako wsadu surowcowego w hutach szkła.

EN

Analysis abilities of recovery and refuse disposal of synthetics from laminated car window and construction window glasses with PVB. Polymer inside laminated glass is usually polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The studies of recovery and analysis of the possibility of disposing of plastic and glass have a good chance to help solve the problem of plastic and glass waste. Production of adhesive polymer by dissolving the PVB in the solvent is a good possibility of using this material and separate glass. While separated glass form car window glasses and construction window glasses could be used in glassworks.

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Laminated windshield breakage modelling in the context of headform impact homologation tests

Kosiński P., Osiński J.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 20, no. 1

87--96

EN

The purpose of modelling a laminated windshield using the FEM is to provide a critical look on the way the adult headform impact tests are conducted in the process of motor vehicle certification. The main aim of the study is to modify the design of a laminated windshield in the context of a vehicle collision with vulnerable road users. The initial phase of the work was to develop a model of the adult headform impactor. The validation consisted in conducting a series of FEM analyses of the impactor certification testing according to the Regulation (EC) 631/2009. Next, the impact of the headform model on a windshield was analysed. The FEM model of laminated glass is composed of two outer layers of glass and an inner layer of polyvinyl butyral. FEM analyses of the impaction were performed at five points of the windshield characterised by various dynamic responses of the impactor and various patterns of glass cracking. In modelling the layers of glass, the Abaqus environment “brittle cracking” model was used. The following material models of PVB resin were considered: elastic, elastic-plastic, hyperelastic, and low-density foam. Furthermore, the influence of the mesh type on the process of glass cracking in a laminated windshield was analysed.