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Self reinforced polymer-polymer composites

Bilewicz M., Viana J. C., Dobrzański L. A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2007

Vol. 24, nr 2

43-46

Purpose: Purpose of this paper is the applying of new technology in injection moulding technique and investigation of reinforcement of PC as dispersed phase inside PP matrix. Second aim of work is enrichment of those composites by nanoclay and analyzing mechanical behaviour of nanocomposites. Design/methodology/approach: According to design of experiments (DOE) specimens were injection moulded in the shape of rectangular bars. Additionally advanced technology of melt manipulation inside mold cavity after injection was used. To achieve this purpose Ferromatik Milacron injection moulding machine, equipped with externally controlled mold was used. Findings: Addition of nanoclay clearly presents highly reinforced system, especially for neat matrix. Evenly dispersed PC particles within PP majority show reinforcement as well. Inducement of shear rate in injection moulding radically improved absorption of energy in nanocomposite. Research limitations/implications: Different variation of material composition, such combination with other polymers and use of different reinforcements (flexible or either rigid) is required to be checked in the further work. Practical implications: Reinforcement obtained thanks to dispersed phase and nanofillers creates composites with improved mechanical properties. Originality/value: Morphology development reflects on mechanical behaviour. Its manipulation may affect and improve mechanical properties. Use of advanced technologies opens wide range of possibilities in processing of polymer based systems. At present there is limited number of research of processing-structure-properties relationships of polymer-polymer composites and nanocomposites.

Morphology diversity and mechanical response of injection moulded polymer nano-composites and polymer-polymer composites

Bilewicz M., Viana J. C., Cunha A. M., Dobrzański L. A.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2006

Vol. 15, nr 1-2

159--165

Purpose: This work was performed in the aim of exploring non-conventional injection moulding technique and to study the effect of processing thermomechanical treatment on the morphology and properties of polymer-polymer composites. Design/methodology/approach: Multilayered highly oriented skin regions induced by high shearing of the melt were obtained during non-conventional injection moulding process. Structure development has been observed in the polarized light microscope and by scanning electron microscopy. The fracture energy has been calculated from notched bar specimens. Findings: The processing variables (melt temperature, stroke time and number) are determinant of the fracture energy of the neat PP. Higher setting of these processing variables gives enhanced fracture energy (25% higher). Immiscible polymer blend of PP/PC processed by melt manipulation techniques show improved fracture toughness compared to neat PP. Addition of MAP to PP/PC did not affect the fracture energy for low setting of the processing variables, but significantly decreased it for high adjustments. The fracture energy of nanoclay reinforced PP is the double of the neat PP, for both melt temperature settings. Lower values of fracture energy have been obtained for polymer-polymer composite of PP/PC reinforced with nanoparticles (3-fold lower). Research limitations/implications: Further work contains research of different materials’ ratio, as well different polymer-polymer compositions (e.g., PP/PS and PP/LCP). Other mechanical properties will be assessed. Practical implications: The improvement of mechanical response is sharply apparent by use of SCORIM technique and by the use of nanoparticles reinforcement. Originality/value: This polymer processing technology is promising route for morphology manipulation and improvement on the mechanical properties of polymer systems. Research studies on processing-structure-properties relationships of polymer-polymer composites and nanocomposites moulded by melt manipulation techniques are scarce.