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1

Incidence of the Leachates from the Quevedo Emerging Cell on the Water Quality of the Limón Stream, San Cristóbal Parish, Quevedo Canton

Guime Baldión Karla Yanick, Mendoza Cedeño Laura Gema

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2024

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Vol. 25, nr 1

65--73

EN

The present study aimed to assess the impact of leachates from the emerging cell on the water quality of the Limón stream in Ecuador. Five sampling points were selected as references using the NTE INEN 2176:2013 standard. Subsequently, these samples were analyzed in a laboratory using the standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater for the respective physicochemical analysis. The analysis results were compared with the Unified Text of Secondary Legislation of the Ministry of the Environment, and the water quality index (WQI) was determined according to the National Sanitary Foundation (NSF). Additionally, an environmental diagnosis was conducted based on the cause-effect matrix by Leopold to propose a strategy for the restoration and ecological recovery of the affected components. According to the obtained results, the sampling points closer to the leachate discharge showed high concentrations of dissolved oxygen, iron, fecal coliforms, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total suspended solids (TSS), which exceeded the maximum permissible limits according to legislation. This resulted in a “fair” water quality index classification according to the WQI classification. These findings highlight the importance of considering and assessing the environmental impacts. A total of 24 impacts were identified on physical, biotic, and anthropic components, with 4.76% being highly significant, 42.86% significant, and 52.38% negligible. In conclusion, the results indicate a scenario of environmental deterioration at the leachate discharge stations, urging the urgent implementation of corrective measures to address the detected high contamination.

2

Use Fry of Cyprinus Carpio as Biomarker for Lead and Cadmium

Aljaryan Sara Khalid, AL-Amari Moayed J.Y., Al-Rezzaq Adi Jassim Abd

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 3

64--69

EN

Fishes are considered a good biomarker, and bioindicator of pollution, Our current research aims to investigate the magnification of (Pb and Cd) and how both affect antioxidants and use fry carp Cyprinus carpio as a bioindicator. The samples were analyzed to find the possible biomagnification of metals in fish. The highest concentration in fry fish fed with Artemia used Dunaliella salina as food treated with Pb in Food type 1 for 28 days, with a significant difference. The highest concentration of Cd in fry fish fed with Artemia used D. salina as food treated with Cd in food type 1 for 28 days, with a significant difference. The activity of the enzyme (SOD - GSH - CAT– GST) U/gm is affected by toxicity in fry fish mussels. The investigation has proved that exposure of fish to (lead and cadmium) induced a significant increase in content and increased activity of GST U/gm. For this purpose, an aquarium-based trial was conducted with two different types of food treated with Cd and Pb. The highest concentration of SOD U/gm enzyme of fry fish fed with Artemia used D.salina treated with Pb in food type 1 for 28 days when fry fish fed on Artemia used food treated with Pb the results show a strong positive significant correlation between (GPX, with SOD and CAT) U/gm and (SOD, with CAT) U/gm. While the concentration has a positive significant correlation with all enzymes, With Cd the highest concentration was in the SOD U/gm enzyme in fry fish fed with Artemia that used D. salina as food treated with Cd in food type 2 for 28 days.

3

The Effect of Fertilizers on the Extraction of Heavy Metals and Arsenic in Soil by Plant Biomass

Kholikulov Shodi, Bobobekov Isomiddin, Abdurakhimov Mingjigit, Abdumalikov Jasurbek, Yakubov Tursunboy

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 1

227--237

EN

According to the data given in the article, the soil around the Samarkand chemical plant is strongly contaminated with heavy metals. The greatest pollution is noted within a radius of 1500–2000 meters from a chemical plant in the western and northern directions. In areas subject to the influence of heavy metals and arsenic, the use of mineral and organic fertilizers reduced the content of mobile forms of these elements in the soil and improved the growth and development of plants. As a result, crop yields increase, and the transfer of heavy metals into plants is reduced. The use of mineral and organic fertilizers in soils contaminated with these elements, along with increasing the yield of cotton, reduced the amount of element removed by the crop by 25–80% compared to the control variant. That is, in the variant where mineral and organic fertilizers were applied together (N250P175K125+ cattle manure, 30 t/ha), the largest reduction in the removal of these elements by the cotton crop was found in the cobalt (80%) and the lowest in the copper (25%).

4

Study of The Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Quality of Water from River Innaouene, Taza Province, Morocco

Fiouz Abderrahim, Chakiri Said, Najem Ayoub, El Hezzat Mounir, Abbou Mohamed Ben, Lamnii Abderrahim, Chibani Abdelkader, Aouji Marouane, Warad Ismail, Zarrouk Abdelkader

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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Vol. 25, iss. 2

254--271

EN

In recent decades, the province of Taza has undergone extensive agricultural modernization, marked by an increase in industrial units such as modern oil mills and olive canneries. At the same time, rapid population growth has exacerbated an important problem, the deterioration of the quality of water resources in limited quantities. This study explored the heart of matter by meticulously sampling physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters at eight strategically chosen sites. Conducted in late July 2021, the survey focused on the surface waters of the Innaouene River, providing a timely and insightful examination of the complex dynamics of water quality in the context of modernization and demographic change. This work focused on the determination of physicochemical and microbiological parameters of water. The results of the analyses show that this river is subject to multiple constraints and reaches its tolerance level on most of its sections. A multivariate statistical approach: principal component analysis (PCA) has shown that water pollution in the Innaouene River is mainly related to untreated wastewater discharges into streams. Water quality is considered bad to very bad. Therefore, ecological and health impacts can occur.

5

Magnetic pollution produced by underground XLPE 220 kV power cable in power plant

Rezzag Bara Ilies, Ayad Ahmed Nour El Islam, Krika Wafa, Fezazi Omar, Larouci Benyekhlef

Diagnostyka

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2024

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Vol. 25, No. 1

art. no. 2024104

EN

The expansion of the electrical network necessitates the construction of new power plants and the extension of overhead and underground power transmission and distribution systems. However, underground power cables, such as XPLE 220 kV, can cause significant electromagnetic pollution, particularly in urban areas. This paper focuses on the evaluation and prediction of such magnetic emissions using analytical, numerical simulation (the finite element analysis), and experimental measurement. The paper aim is to minimize the magnetic emissions through the adjustment of the horizontal and vertical distances (x, y) of cables, serving as a technical solution. Additionally, the study investigated the impact of faults with varying magnitude and frequency, considering different loads and conditions. The simulation results indicate that several factors contribute to the escalation of magnetic pollution. These factors include a close proximity between cables, faults, and high current intensities.... However, as the distance between cables increases both horizontally and vertically, the strength of the magnetic field decreases, leading to a reduction in magnetic pollution. A comparison was carried out to assess the magnetic emissions of the underground cable, revealing a notable resemblance between the measured and calculated values. Ultimately, the validated simulation model serves as a valuable tool for evaluating, predicting, and mitigating electromagnetic pollution under different fault conditions and positions.

6

Experimental investigation on dielectric properties of 1512L insulator using finite element analysis (FEM)

Belhouchet Khaled, Zemmit Abderrahim, Ouchen Lyamine, Alti Nadjim, Zorrig Assam

Diagnostyka

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2024

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Vol. 25, No. 2

art. no. 2024209

EN

In this work, a study on a cap and pin insulator (1512L) is proposed to evaluate the distribution of the electric field and the potential along the insulator under different conditions. A computational and experimental study for the examination of a real insulators model is assessed. Tests on contaminated insulators in the laboratory under the suggested conditions have been carried out. Finite element methods (FEM) have been employed in the numerical analysis to assess the electrical properties of the insulator under the suggested contamination profiles, including potential and electric field. The study proposed in this paper provides an effective and practical tool for analysis and enhance the dielectric properties of the studied insulator.

7

Groundwater contamination risk assessment in the first exploitable aquifer stratum within Bodzentyn municipality, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Nartowska Edyta

Structure and Environment

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2023

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Vol. 15, no. 4

269--278

EN

The objective of this study is to assess the threat of contaminating groundwater originating from the first exploitative aquifer level in the municipality of Bodzentyn within the Świętokrzyskie Voivodship. The analysis included 23 representative groundwater intakes from MHP 816 Bodzentyn sheet. The various potential sources of groundwater contamination were identified. The intrinsic vulnerability of the first aquifer to contamination and the water recharge area were determined. In the results intakes potentially threatened by anthropogenic pollution were indicated. Providing information on the potential risks of groundwater contamination will help better plan environmental and decision-making activities in this area. The results can serve as a basis for policy development, land use and sustainable resource management in the municipality of Bodzentyn.

PL

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest ocena zagrożenia zanieczyszczeniem wód podziemnych pochodzących z pierwszego eksploatowanego poziomu wodonośnego w gminie Bodzentyn na terenie województwa świętokrzyskiego. Analizą objęto 23 reprezentatywne ujęcia wód podziemnych z arkusza MHP 816 Bodzentyn. Zidentyfikowano różne potencjalne źródła zanieczyszczenia wód podziemnych. Określono wewnętrzną podatność pierwszego poziomu wodonośnego na zanieczyszczenie oraz obszar zasilania. W wynikach wskazano ujęcia potencjalnie zagrożone zanieczyszczeniami antropogenicznymi. Dostarczenie informacji na temat potencjalnego ryzyka zanieczyszczenia wód podziemnych pomoże lepiej zaplanować działania środowiskowe i decyzyjne na tym obszarze. Wyniki mogą służyć jako podstawa do rozwoju polityki, zagospodarowania przestrzennego i zrównoważonego zarządzania zasobami w gminie Bodzentyn.

8

Hydro-ecological State of Ukrainian Water Bodies Under the Influence of Military Actions

Stelmakh Valentyna, Melniichuk Mykhailo, Melnyk Oleh, Tokarchuk Ivan

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2023

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Tom 25

174--187

EN

The article aims to analyse the impact of military operations on the hydro-ecological state of water bodies in Ukraine, analyse potential military risks and assess the prospects for recovery in the water sector. The war leads to the destruction of water supply infrastructure and, secondly, to the pollution of natural waters with sewage and ammunition. Thus, Ukraine's hydro-ecological condition of natural watercourses and reservoirs is deteriorating during a full-scale war. First, we analysed the literature and modern scientific publications and studied the current state of the water bodies of Ukraine under martial law. The article analyses the key consequences of military operations on water bodies, including the destruction of water infrastructure and hydraulic structures, contamination by explosives and destroyed military equipment, flooding by mine water, and leaks from tailing ponds. Special attention is paid to the results of water quality monitoring in wartime. The authors systematised and reviewed the key incidents of destruction and damage to hydraulic structures since the beginning of the war. Potential risks to water bodies in the context of Russian aggression are studied. Finally, the author analyses the directions of the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine and proposes a list of practical steps necessary to restore water resources. The author's view on post-war reconstruction measures in water resources is offered. In addition, environmental organisations and local authorities can use the results of this scientific research.

9

Emisja zanieczyszczeń w strukturze miejskiej. Model aktualnych wyzwań proekologicznych i energooszczędnych w dostosowaniu miast do zmian klimatycznych

Skiba Marta, Bazan-Krzywoszańska Anna, Stępińska-Kaczmarczyk Agata

PUA Przestrzeń Urbanistyka Architektura

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2023

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Vol. 1

114--125

PL

Na podstawie wyników przeprowadzonych analiz można stwierdzić, że miejsca, do których (z zewnątrz) przepływa najwięcej azotu, wraz z różnymi produktami potrzebnymi do utrzymania funkcji miejskich, są również największymi emiterami zanieczyszczeń azotowych. Oprócz azotu miejsca te emitują również największą ilość gazów cieplarnianych oraz tych ze spalania węglowodorów. Na podstawie przedstawionego w artykule modelu obiegu azotu w mieście Zielona Góra można przygotować politykę zmniejszającą emisję zanieczyszczeń spowodowanych tradycyjnie rozwijającą się gospodarką, która ma wpływ na negatywne zmiany klimatyczne. Proponowane zmiany w polityce miejskiej powinny przeciwdziałać w miejscach największej emisji zanieczyszczeń oraz zmierzać do osiągnięcia gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym.

EN

Based on the results of the analyzes carried out, it can be concluded that the places to which the most nitrogen flows (from the outside), together with various products needed to maintain urban functions, are also the largest emitters of nitrogen pollutants. In addition to nitrogen, these places also emit the largest amount of greenhouse gases and those from the combustion of hydrocarbons. Based on the model of the nitrogen cycle in the city of Zielona Góra presented in the article, a policy can be prepared to reduce the emission of pollutants caused by the traditionally developing economy, which has an impact on negative climate changes. The proposed changes in urban policy should counteract in places of the greatest emission of pollutants and aim at achieving a circular economy.

10

Możliwości recyklingu wody w przemyśle piwowarskim

Kręgiel Dorota

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2023

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T. 77, nr 6

10--14

PL

Piwo jest piątym najczęściej spożywanym napojem na świecie, a branża browarnicza stanowi ważny segment gospodarczy w wielu krajach świata. Proces produkcji zużywa duże ilości wody i generuje nawet 10 l ściekow na 1 l wyprodukowanego piwa. Ścieki browarnicze zawierają wysokie poziomy węgla organicznego oraz fosforu i azotu, ale w porównaniu ze ściekami komunalnymi nie zawierają uciążliwych zanieczyszczeń, takich jak farmaceutyki czy patogeny pochodzenia jelitowego. Bogactwo związków organicznych w ściekach browarniczych sprawia, że mogą one stanowić wysokiej jakości składniki odżywcze dla hodowli drobnoustrojów. Zdaniem specjalistów, ścieki browarnicze powinny być poddawane recyklingowi, biorąc pod uwagę zmniejszające się zasoby wody i mocny trend gospodarki cyrkularnej. Artykuł ma na celu dokonanie syntetycznego przeglądu najważniejszych metod oczyszczania ścieków browarniczych.

EN

Beer is the fifth most consumed beverage in the world, and the brewing industry is an important economic segment in many countries of the world. The production proces consumes large amounts of water and generates up to 10 liters of wastewater per liter of beer produced. Brewery wastewater contains high levels of organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen, but compared to municipal wastewater, it does not contain nuisance pollutants such as pharmaceuticals or enteric pathogens. The richness of organic compounds in brewery wastewater makes it a high-quality nutrients medium for the cultivation of microorganisms. According to specialists, brewery wastewater should be recycled, taking into account the decreasing water resources and the strong trend of the circular economy. This article aims to provide a synthetic review of the most important methods of brewing wastewater treatment.

11

Wpływ bisfenolu A na człowieka oraz wybrane organizmy wodne i lądowe

Zastawny Oliwia

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2023

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T. 102, nr 1

77--83

PL

Podjęto problematykę szkodliwego oddziaływania bisfenolu A (BPA) w środowisku naturalnym. Opisano obecność BPA w opakowaniach produktów, w których na co dzień przechowuje się żywność. Rozpatrzono jego szkodliwy wpływ na zwierzęta lądowe oraz wodne, na rośliny, a także na zdrowie człowieka. Przedstawiono sposoby jego rozprzestrzeniania oraz działanie analogów. Omówiono też regulacje prawne dotyczące stosowania BPA.

EN

A review, with 42 refs., of both bisphenol A and products of its conversion to resins and their decomp. during waste storage were taken into consideration. In particular, their harmful effects on animals and plants were discussed. The legal regulations regarding the use of bisphenol A were also presented.

12

Górnictwo w Arktyce, problemy środowiskowe i ekologiczne na przykładzie N Skandynawii (Kvalsund, Norwegia, Monchegorsk, Rosja)

Huber Miłosz, Alenga David, Kamiński Daniel, Maciołek Urszula, Iakovleva Olga

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 5

279--285

EN

The Arctic region is aprospective areafor ore mining and urbanization progress. The areas of Europe located beyond the Arctic Circle have unique features of the natural environment. Conducting mining works in this place is associated with certain difficulties resulting from weather conditions (numerousrains, long winters, polar night) anddue to the high riskof permanent environmental pollution. An example of the specificity of arctic mining is Kvalsund in northern Norway, where there is a copper mine that is currently under development. Another example is the Monchegorsk region in Russia, which is currently no longer mining. Both of these places are associated with sulphide deposits of non-ferrous metals and the resulting consequences. The purpose of this text was to show the differences and similarities of these mining plants, andon this basis to demonstrate the complexity of the issues of exploitation and reclamation of mining areas in the Arctic.

13

Use of Biomonitoring Tools to Detect Water Quality-Dependent Ecosystem (Macroinvertebrate) Responses in Lentic Systems : the Examples of Lakes İznik and Manyas, Türkiye

Mercan Deniz, Arslan Naime

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2023

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Vol. 52, No. 1

79--89

EN

Lakes İznik and Manyas located in Türkiye are important biodiversity resources in the Palearctic region. No studies to date have explored the ecological statuses of these lakes together with their water quality based on biotic indices utilizing benthic macroinvertebrates. In this study, some parameters listed in the SWQMR of Türkiye were measured to determine the ecological quality of the lakes. Biotic indices included in the WFD and bacteriological parameters in terms of human health were also evaluated for these lakes. Sampling was performed at 6 stations in 2018-2019. Results for the zoobenthic community structure indicate that Lake İznik has started to become organically polluted and Lake Manyas is more polluted. Also, the biological index results for Lake İznik also show that the lake water quality has started to decrease and that pollution conditions have occurred, pointing to class III water quality. It is clear that there is pollution pressure in Lake İznik. However, according to the results, the macrozoobenthic community structure, diversity, and water quality of Lake İznik seem to be better than those of Lake Manyas. According to the results of the water qualities in the lakes, precautions should be taken to eliminate the negative pressures seen in both lakes.

14

The Effect of Different Additions of Carbon Dioxide on Growth, Lipids, Carotenoids and Chlorophyll-a of Chaetoceros calcitrans

Amaliandini Esza Rezky, Nashrullah Syarif, Larasati Anastasya Dewi, Taufan Fajar, Sari Luthfiana Aprilianita, Dewi Nina Nurmalia, Arsad Sulastri, Musa Nadirah

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 1

289--298

EN

Global warming gives phytoplankton a significant role in reducing carbon. C. calcitras is a phytoplankton which utilizes carbon dioxide for growth and the formation of secondary metabolites in order to survive. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of differences in duration on growth, lipid content, carotenoids and chlorophyll-a in C. calcitrans and to determine the optimal duration. An experimental method with statistical analysis using ANOVA was used in this study. The treatments implemented were the addition of carbon dioxide for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 minutes with a volume of carbon dioxide addition of 3 bps. The results showed that the addition of carbon dioxide had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the value of lipids, growth, carotenoids and chlorophyll-a. The highest density value was obtained in Treatment for 2 minutes to increase growth with the highest total value of 2,927,500 cells/ml. The best treatment to increase lipids was Treatment for 12 minutes with lipid content of 63.33% and lipid productivity of 1.82 mg/l/day. The best treatment to increase carotenoid content was Treatment for 4 minutes with carotenoid content of 2.20 g/mL and chlorophyll-a content of 1.4431 g/mL. Optimal treatment differences to obtain the highest value of each parameter differ from each other, depending on the synthesis and physiological processes of C. calcitrans.

15

Temporal Variation of Microplastic Abundances and Characteristics in Surface Water of Banger River of Pekalongan City, Indonesia

Despasari Bella, Andarani Pertiwi, Priyambada Ika Bagus, Inoue Takanobu

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 9

39--49

EN

The presence of microplastic pollution in coastal areas has garnered attention due to its detrimental impact on aquatic ecosystems and human health. In this study, our objective was to identify and characterize microplastics in the Banger River area of Pekalongan City, which is known for its numerous industrial activities, particularly batik small-medium industries. The extraction process involved filtration, drying, wet peroxide oxidation, density separation using NaI, and identification of microplastic particles. The shape, color, and size of the particles were characterized using a stereo microscope, while Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrometer and the hot needle method were employed for chemical structure analysis. Given that rivers serve as primary conduits for waste transport from land to sea, we conducted sampling at different times of the day. Our findings revealed an average of 0.61 ± 0.47 particles/m3 in the morning, 0.59 ± 0.67 particles/m3 in the afternoon, and 0.10 ± 0.02 particles/m3 in the evening. Among the microplastic polymers analyzed, we successfully identified polypropylene as one of the two predominant types. To establish a baseline for mitigating the release of plastic waste and microplastic residues into the environment, long-term monitoring is essential to evaluate the flow of plastic waste and microplastics from Indonesian rivers to the oceans.

16

Spatial Dynamics of Microplastic Pollution in Water and Sediments of the Ciliwung River along with Conditions of Water Quality Field Parameters and Population Density

Mahendra Alloysius Pamurda Dhika, Pratama Mochamad Adhiraga, Moersidik Setyo Sarwanto, Rahmawati Suphia, Iresha Fajri Mulya

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 8

296--309

EN

Microplastics are emerging contaminants that degrade from textile plastic products, petroleum, and cosmetic equipment with sizes less than 5 mm. There are more than 70,000 settlements located along the Ciliwung River in DKI Jakarta that use the river water as a source of clean water. The most common type of waste found in the Ciliwung River to date is plastic waste, which can cause flooding and other disasters. The Ciliwung River can currently be found with microplastic pollution which has an impact on exposure to living things in the river, such as in case studies in the Ciliwung River estuary area. The problem is the exposure to 75% of blue panchax fish (Aplocheilus sp.) as many as 1.97 particles per fish with sizes of 300 to 500 μm. This research will focus on analyzing the dynamics of microplastic quantity in water and sediment of the Ciliwung River along with the correlation between field parameters and population density around the banks of the Ciliwung River. When viewed from the seven points that represent the Ciliwung River downstream to upstream in DKI Jakarta Province, the number of microplastics is in the range of 320–741 particles/L. For the dominating form, it can be analyzed that the majority of microplastic forms are fragments (97%), followed by fibers (2.9%) and pellets (0.1%). While in the sediment, the number of microplastics in the Ciliwung River sediment is in the range of 6560–10630 particles/kg. The population density factor has the highest correlation to the number of microplastics with a value of r = 0.702. This is associated between population density and high microplastic emission loads.

17

Policy Priority Model for Management of Lake Sentani Waters Degradation After Flash Floods Using the A'WOTMIC Method

Walukow Auldry F., Triwiyono, Lumbu Albert, Gultom Monika, Sukarta I. Nyoman

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 6

239--248

EN

Most of the pollution levels of Lake Sentani waters in the Expo watershed (92%) have been mildly and moderately polluted, while only a small proportion (8%) still meet quality standards. The condition of the level of heavy pollution will be dangerous for the life of living things, especially fish and have an impact on humans. This study aims to analyze the priorities of the Sentani Lake pollution management policy in the strength-opportunity (SO), strength-threat (ST), weakness-opportunity (WO), and weakness-threat (WT) strategies with the A'WOT method. The results showed that the policy priorities that first needed to be implemented immediately in the SO strategy were to Improve Enforcement of Environmental Law with an eigen value of 0.196. The priority of the policy strategy that first needs to be immediately implemented in the WO strategy is to make regional regulations by utilizing Government and community support with an eigen value of 0.267. The first policy priority that needs to be immediately implemented in the ST strategy is to use government authority in the environment to control environmental pollution and damage with an eigenvalue of 0.494. The first policy priority needs to be immediately implemented in the WT strategy is to improve environmental law enforcement so that lake water is not polluted with an eigen value of 0.202.

18

Effect of Lead, Nickel, and Zinc Pollution in Some Parameters of Oxidative Stress in Hepatopancreas of Snail Helix pomatia L. in Power plant of Obiliq

Bici Mentor, Mazreku Ilir, Hyseni Besmir, Halili Jeton, Krasniqi Ylli, Bislimi Kemajl

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 9

385--395

EN

Large quantities of heavy metals come from anthropogenic sources, including coal combustion, furthermore, these heavy metals can cause oxidative stress in terrestrial animals, such as snails, which acquire these metals through food from storage plants in industrial and coal-burning-polluted areas. In this research, we measured the impact and distribution of power plant TC Kosovo as activity on the concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Ni) in the locality of Obiliq, as well as their effect on oxidative stress parameters such as carbonyl proteins, malondialdehyde (MDA), and total proteins in the hepatopancreas of the snail Helix pomatia L. We collected 120 soil samples and 12 snails from concentric circles around the pollution point at distances of 1 km, 2 km, and 5 km. Relevant methods were then applied, and the samples were measured using a spectrophotometer and flame absorber Analyticyena. Results shown that the heavy metals bioaccumulated from snail shells (Helix pomatia L.), and concentrations of these metals influenced an increase in the levels of oxidative stress parameters, including protein carbonylation, MDA, and total proteins in the hepatopancreas.

19

Determination of Heavy Metals in Bee Honey as a Bioindicator in the Istog, Drenas and Kastriot Regions

Demaku Skender, Aliu Arbnorë, Sylejmani Donika, Ahmetaj Blerina, Halili Jeton

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 5

191--200

EN

The major goal of this research was to employ honey as a bio-indicator to identify the heavy metal levels in bee honey in the Istog, Drenas, and Kastriot regions. As a result, honey was purposely tested in these locations, and two industrial specific areas were chosen for examination and analysis: Kastriot (Graboc) and Drenas (Vrboc), as these are considered to be among the most industrial polluted areas. A honey sample was also taken in the Istog (Vrell, as a clean area) region in order to compare not just honey, but also the area where the bee obtains nectar, as well as the sources of pollution discharge into the environment. Concentrations of heavy metals in honey, (min. and max.) amounted to: Zn (8.705–9.804 mg/kg), Mn (5.620–5.718 mg/kg), Fe (3.635–3.745 mg/kg) and Cu (2.295–2.299 mg/kg). In contrast, lower concentrations of metals, have been observed for: Ni (0.640–1.126 mg/kg), Pb (0.235–0.268 mg/kg), As (0.107–0.199 mg/kg), Cd (0.040–0.058 mg/kg) and Cr (0.025–0.036 mg/kg) while elements such as; Hg, and Co, are almost undetected. The study of hierarchical clusters revealed several groupings of elements with geogenic and anthropogenic origins. The concentrations of heavy metals selected for honey were compared to standards of other countries, such as Poland and other European Union countries. Samples were taken in October 2020 and September 2021. The concentration of heavy metals was determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, ICP OES.

20

Mikrocząstki plastiku w osadach ściekowych – narastający problem

Ginter-Kramarczyk Dobrochna, Kruszelnicka Izabela

Inżynier Budownictwa

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2023

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nr 10

90--93