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1

Political and economic rationale for the development of renewable energy in European union countries

Tomala Magdalena

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2024

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z. 191

551--570

EN

Purpose: There are two factors related to the implementation of the Green Deal. The first relates to economic issues and depends on economic development. The second is related to political actions. The aim of this article is to analyze the impact of political and economic factors on the renewable energy sector. Assuming the idea of common priorities in the EU, it can be hypothesized that the action programs for renewable energy implemented by the EU should enable countries to accelerate their efforts to develop this sector of the economy. Design/methodology/approach: Firstly, k-means analysis will be employed to cluster EU countries based on whether they would achieve the declared target of a 20% share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption. Secondly, the application of k-means will facilitate the division of countries into groups based on their economic affluence, distinguishing them between richer and poorer nations. Next, the study will utilize the ANOVA, which help determine if the actions carried out by the EU are sufficient to achieve the increasing share of renewable energy. It will consider the diversity of countries in terms of economic and political factors. Findings: The first hypothesis, regarding the significance of the political factor, was successfully confirmed. The analysis conducted revealed that EU countries vary in their implementation of the EU renewable energy objectives. The second hypothesis regarding the significance of the economic factor has been dismissed. It was not confirmed that the degree of economic development has an impact on the growth of the renewable energy sector. Originality/value: It can be assumed that all EU countries would support the policy toward the growth of renewable energy. While various factors play a crucial role in shaping the renewable energy market, it is difficult to find an analysis that explains the lack of significant progress in this sector of the economy.

2

Intrastate cultural and socio-political influences and the realisation of national security: A two-level correlational analysis

Pantazis Dimitrios

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2021

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Vol. 36, No. 4

89--106

EN

This paper aims to examine how specific domestic social, political, and cultural motives impact national security agendas’ formation and implementation. The following assumptions drive this essay’s research rationale: Security-making processes are considered non-similar among states due to different domestic political processes, cultural discourses, and socialisation patterns. Therefore, national security agents are constantly being guided by various intrastate settings, which construct attitudes that are ultimately reflected upon policy formation and implementation through strategic behavioural manifestations. Thus, the realisation of national security is dependent on each state actor’s existent strategic culture, and given that, choices cannot be contemplated strictly under rationality. The methods of literature review and multi-layered analysis are applied throughout this study. In particular, this text’s reasoning is based on contextualisation, identification, categorisation of variables, and correlational implications. Concerning findings, the theoretical examination of the objects assessed provides adequate clarifications on the interaction among the domestic motives, decision-makers’ perspectives, and strategic cultural manifestations. Specifically, it was critically identified that the two last concepts may complementary function during security-making processes; hence, producing unique outcomes for each state actor. Consequently, this paper wishes to contribute by giving direction for future research and broader methodological implications on the role of intrastate socio-political and cultural motives as sources of strategic culture and determinants of national security-making attitudes; without ignoring that other factors can respectively affect the aforementioned schemes.

3

The issue of the economic security and development of the Kaliningrad fishing industry

Gegechkori O., Kozliakovskaia E.

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2015

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nr 2 (18)

58--61

EN

This article reflects the ways and methods of the development of the Russian, particularly Kaliningrad’s, fishing industry aimed at economic growth. The fishing industry conditions and the analysis of the political factors such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) accession and the end of the customs period of the Special Economic Zone that influence on the development of the fishing industry were also analysed. There were developed the measures and proposals, which have to ensure growth of the fishing industry in the current situation.

PL

Artykuł przedstawia sposoby i metody rozwoju rosyjskiego, a szczególnie Kalingradzkiego przemysłu rybnego, mające na celu wzrost gospodarczy. Kondycja przemysłu rybnego i analiza czynników politycznych, takich jak przystąpienie do Światowej Organizacji Handlu (WTO) oraz koniec okresu celnego Specjalnej Strefy Ekonomicznej, które wpływają na rozwój przemysłu rybnego zostały również poddane analizie. W artykule zostały zaproponowane działania, które powinny zapewnić rozwój sektora rybnego w obecnej sytuacji.

4

Wybrane czynniki różnicujące ceny paliw w krajach UE i ich znaczenie dla sektora agrobiznesu

Rokicki T., Żak A.

Logistyka

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2014

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nr 6

PL

Ceny paliwa są uzależnione od wielu czynników. Najważniejsze z nich to koniunktura gospodarcza oraz czynniki polityczne. W pracy przedstawiono inne wybrane czynniki różnicujące ceny oleju napędowego i benzyny w transporcie. Sprawdzono również siłę związku miedzy parametrami. Badania dotyczyły wszystkich państw zrzeszonych w Unii Europejskiej. Okres badań to lata 2004-2010. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, że ceny oleju napędowego i benzyny były wyraźnie uzależnione od zamożności społeczeństwa liczby mieszkańców, liczby pojazdów na 1000 mieszkańców, liczby pojazdów na 1 km drogi. Korelacja była dodatnia, a większa zależność występowała w przypadku benzyny. Ujemna zależność wystąpiła jedynie w przypadku cen paliw i udziałem energii zużytej przez transport w zużyciu ogółem w całej gospodarce. Koszt paliwa jest znaczącym składnikiem wydatków przedsiębiorstw agrobiznesu, a szczególnie w firmach silnie powiązanych z bazą surowcową.

EN

Fuel prices are dependent on many factors. The most important are economic conditions and political factors. The paper presents the other selected factors differentiating the price of diesel fuel and gasoline for transport. It was researched also the relationships between the selected parameters and strength their impact. The study concerned all countries affiliated to the European Union. The study period is 2004-2010. The research showed that the prices of diesel fuel and gasoline were clearly dependent on the wealth of the society, population, the number of vehicles per 1,000 people, the number of vehicles per 1 km of road. The correlation was positive, and a greater dependence was observed for gasoline. A negative correlation was only in the case relationship between fuel prices and the share of road sector energy consumption in total energy consumption. The cost of fuel is a very important component of cost in agrobusiness companies, especially in companies strongly associated with the raw material base.