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1 2014

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Petrographic and geochemical investigation of a stone adze made of nephrite from the site Balatonőszöd – Temetői dűlő (Hungary)

Péterdi B., Szakmány G., Judik K., Dobosi G., Kasztovszky Z., Szilágyi V., Maróti B., Bendő Z., Gil G.

Geological Quarterly

2014

Vol. 58, No. 1

181--192

The present study reports on results of petrographic and geochemical analyses on a stone adze from the archaeological site Balatonőszöd – Temetői dűlő (Hungary). This is the largest excavated site of the Baden Culture in Hungary (more than 200.000 m2) and has the longest continuous settlement history. In the site, features of the Balaton-Lasinja Culture (Middle Copper Age) and the Boleraz Culture were also found. Altogether 500 stone artefacts were found and registered. The present study reports on the results of the investigation of a unique stone adze made of nephrite, found on the site. The nephrite adze found in Balatonőszöd – Temetői dűlő has proved to be the first find made of nephrite having an established archaeological context in Hungarian prehistory. By applying detailed petrographic, geochemical and petrophysical methods as well as comparing data from technical literature we located the origin of the raw material of the nephrite adze. Its most probable source is the Northern part of the Bohemian Massif, Lower Silesia, a geological site near Jordanów (Poland).