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Evaluation of design and insertion analysis of a conical shaped polymeric based microneedle for transdermal drug delivery applications

Gera Aswani Kumar, Burra Rajesh Kumar

Acta Innovations

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2023

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no. 46

54--65

EN

Transportation of drug through parental routes are conventionally followed through hypodermic injection methods, where hypodermic injections are administered into the human skin for drug release. However, there are some issues observed when these hypodermic needles are being used, there are instances where the needle is being inserted leaves some needle fractures in the skin. To cater to the issue scientific researchers are voraciously working on designing and developing polymeric type of microneedle structures for various medical diagnostic applications for glucose monitoring, drug delivery, and other applications. This article presents the structural design of a conicalshaped polymeric microneedle and the insertion force while being pierced into the skin. Simulations at different insertion angles on microneedle are analyzed by arriving with total needle displacements in the process of insertion. The von mises stress is also analyzed with applied force at different insertion angles resulted in incremental change in stress exerted by the microneedle. The resultant stress is below the yield stress which makes the microneedle pierce into the skin without breakage.

2

Wykorzystanie grafenu w medycynie : studium literaturowe

Bojko Ł., Ryniewicz A. M.

Problemy Nauk Stosowanych

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2015

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T. 3

147--156

PL

Wstęp i cele: Wyizolowanie warstwy grafenu przez Andre Geim i Kostya Novoselov nastąpiło w 2004 roku. Ze względu na specyficzne właściwości elektryczne, optyczne, chemiczne i mechaniczne grafen znalazł zastosowanie w wielu dziedzinach, w tym w medycynie. Opracowanie poświęcone jest podsumowaniu najnowszych osiągnięć wykorzystania grafenu w procesie dostarczania leków, wykrywania i obrazowania struktur tkankowych, komórkowych i genowych, w tym terapii nowotworów oraz jako materiał w inżynierii tkankowej. Materiał i metody: Materiałem jest literatura dotycząca zagadnień zastosowania grafenu w medycynie. Zastosowano metodę analizy merytorycznej. Wyniki: Analiza literatury pokazuje, że przeszkodami dla biomedycznych zastosowań nanomateriałów na bazie grafenu jest brak biodegradacji i możliwość wystąpienia toksyczności długoterminowej, a obecne badania nie dostarczają pełnej wiedzy w zakresie oddziaływania in vivo nanomateriałów na bazie grafenu, o różnej strukturze, wielkości i właściwości powierzchni. Wniosek: Efektywność kierowania markerów do guzów nowotworowych jest jednym z kluczowych wyzwań biomedycznych dotyczących nie tylko materiałów na bazie grafenu, ale także większości innych nanomateriałów.

EN

Introduction and aims: The isolation of graphene layers by Andre Geim and Kostya Novoselov was in 2004. Due to the specific properties of the electrical, optical, chemical and mechanical properties, graphene has been applied in many fields, including medicine. Study is devoted to the summary of the latest achievements in the use of graphene to drug delivery, sensing and imaging tissue, cellular, and gene structures, including cancer therapy and as a material for tissue engineering. Material and methods: The material is literature on the issues of application of graphene in medicine. The method of theoretical analysis. Results: Analysis of the literature shows that obstacles to biomedical applications of nanomaterials based on graphene is the lack of biodegradability and the possibility of long-term toxicity and current research does not provide the full knowledge of the interactions in vivo graphene-based nanomaterials, with a different structure, size and surface properties. Conclusion: Efficiency of targeting cancerous tumors markers is one of the key challenges regarding not only the biomedical materials based on graphene, but also most other nanomaterials.

3

Development of a drug delivery system using microcapsules with ultrasound

Masuda K.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2011

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Vol. 31, no. 2

23-32

EN

Micrometer-sized microcapsules collapse upon exposure to ultrasound. Use of this pheno-menon for a drug delivery system (DOS), not only for local delivery of medication but also for gene therapy, should be possible. However, enhancing of efficiency of medication is limited because the capsules in suspension diffuse in the human body after injection, since the motion of the capsules in blood flow cannot be controlled. To control behavior of the microcapsules, an acoustic radiation force was introduced. We detected local changes in the microcapsule density by producing of acoustic radiation force in an artificial blood vessel. Furthermore, we theoretically estimated the conditions required for an active path selection of the capsules at a bifurcation point in the artificial blood vessel. We observed the difference in the capsule density at both in the bifurcation point and in alternative paths downstream of the bifurcation point for the different acoustic radiation forces. We also confirmed that the microcapsules are trapped against flow with the condition when the acoustic radiation force is more than the fluid resistance of the capsules. The possibility of controlling of the capsule flow towards a specific point in a blood vessel was demonstrated.

4

Drug release from hydrogel matrices

Zarzycki R., Modrzejewska Z., Nawrotek K.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2010

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Vol. 17, nr 2

117-136

EN

Description of the kinetics of drug release from hydrogels is a domain of steadily increasing academic and industrial importance. The aim of this paper is to review mathematical approaches to drug release from hydrogel matrix devices. In the first section the parameters of hydrogel structure are described. Than the phenomena that influencing resulting drug release are discussed. Finally, mechanisms of physical release and release with chemical reaction are studied. In this section mathematical expression that predicting drug release profiles are described.

PL

Zarówno z naukowego, jak i praktycznego punktu widzenia bardzo ważny jest opis kinetyki uwalniania leków z hydrożeli. Celem tego artykułu jest przegląd opisanych w literaturze modeli matematycznych uwalniania leków z matryc hydrożelowych. W pierwszej części omówiono parametry opisujące strukturę hydrożelu. Następnie opisano zjawiska wpływające na mechanizm uwalniania leków. W ostatniej części przeglądu literatury zostały przedstawione mechanizmy uwalniania. W tej części zebrano wyrażenia matematyczne stosowane do opisu profili uwalniania leków.