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Synteza i ocena możliwości zastosowania niektórych pochodnych chitozanu w przemyśle skórzanym. Część I, Przegląd literatury

Szuster L., Wyrębska Ł., Gendaszewska D.

Technologia i Jakość Wyrobów

2018

R. 63

105--118

Wzrastające obawy użytkowników obuwia przed chorobami stóp stwarzają nowe wyzwania przemysłowi obuwniczemu. Dlatego poszukiwane są nieszkodliwe dla człowieka substancje antybakteryjne, które będą skutecznie działać po zaaplikowaniu na wyroby skórzane. Takimi substancjami mogą być kopolimery oparte o naturalny polisacharyd - chitozan i jego poliglikolowe pochodne. W pracy przedstawiono aktualny stan wiedzy w zakresie modyfikacji chitozanu, prowadzący do otrzymania kopolimerów, stwarzających możliwość zastosowań ich w przemyśle skórzanym.

Increasing concerns of footwear users against foot diseases create new challenges for the footwear industry. Therefore, the antibacterial substances that will be effective after application to leather products and safe for human are still searched. Such substances may be copolymers based on natural polysaccharide - chitosan and its polyglycol derivatives. The paper presents the current state of knowledge in the field of chitosan modification leading to obtaining copolymers that may have potential applications in the leather industry.

Modyfikacja chitozanu : krótki przegląd

Ostrowska-Czubenko J., Pieróg M., Gierszewska M.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2016

[Z] 70, 9-10

657--679

Chitosan is the most important derivative of chitin, a polysaccharide found in the exoskeleton of shellfish like shrimp and crab. It is a product of deacetylation of chitin under alkaline conditions or enzymatic hydrolysis in the presence of chitin deacetylase. Both chitin and chitosan are linear polysaccharides and are chemically defined as copolymers consisting of varying amounts of β-(1→4)- linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy β-D-glucopyranose (GlcNAc) and 2-amino-2-deoxy- β-D-glucopyranose (GlcN). The difference between chitin and chitosan lies in the content of GlcNAc and GlcN units. Chitin samples contain a high content of Glc- NAc units. Due to excellent properties of chitosan, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, non-toxicity, cationicity, ease of modification, film forming ability, affinity to metals, protein and dyes, etc., this polymer has found applications in medicine and pharmacy, as food additive, antimicrobial agent, in paper and textile industry, in environmental remediation and other industrial areas. The presence of functional groups, reactive amino and hydroxyl groups, in chitosan backbone makes it suitable candidate for chemical modification. Chemical modification of chitosan to generate new polymers with useful physicochemical properties and distinctive biological functions is of key interest because it would not change the fundamental skeleton of the polymer. In this article the main three methods of chitosan modification: substitution reactions, reactions leading to the chain elongation and/or molecular weight increasing and methods of depolymerization are shortly characterized. Moreover, the selected methods of chitosan modification, i.e. quaternization, alkylation, acylation, carboxyalkylation, phosphorylation, sulfation, graft copolymerisation, crosslinking and depolymerization are discussed in more detail. A special attention is drawn to chitosan crosslinking with low and high molecular compounds. Chitosan modification by covalent and ionic crosslinking allows to obtain polymer materials with improved mechanical and chemical resistance and suitable for example for chitosan hydrogel membranes formation. Keywords: chitosan, chitosan modification, chitosan derivatives, crosslinking