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Roadside Habitats : The Impact of Salinization on the Occurrence, Growth and Reproduction of Two Weed Species Echinochloa crus-galli and Digitaria sanguinalis

Nováková Markéta, Šerá Božena, Cudlín Pavel

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 3

186--193

EN

The specific conditions in habitats in the immediate vicinity of roads provide a suitable environment for noxious weeds and invasive species that spread through them to the landscape. Echinochloa crus-galli and Digitaria sanguinalis are problematic weeds of wide-row crops. The field experiment focused on the impact of the roadside habitat salinization on the occurrence, growth and reproduction of these two species. Quantitative vegetative and generative characteristics of the plants were determined. Measurements were carried out at three distances from the edge of the road and on control plots. The results showed that the growth and reproduction of E. crus-galli and D. sanguinalis occur in the period when the values of soil environmental variables correspond to values of non-saline soil according to the criteria for soil salinity assessment. Despite this fact, the average salinity of soil along roadside was still higher than in soil of further distances and we found these levels of salinity to be well tolerated by the study species. Therefore, we conclude that roadsides with the same or higher salt content represent a suitable location for the occurrence and reproduction of E. crus-galli and D. sanguinalis, thus being temporary locations that enable their further spreading to the countryside.

2

Utrzymanie poboczy dróg

Rosłon-Szeryńska E.

Przegląd Komunalny

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2015

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nr 2

62--63

PL

Wzdłuż dróg prowadzi się cięcia techniczne krzewów i drzew wrastających w światło skrajni drogowej oraz usuwa się drzewa uszkodzone i obumierające, grożące złamaniem lub wywróceniem. Poprawa bezpieczeństwa i zapobieżenie naturalnej sukcesji są też powodem koszenia roślinności zielnej wzdłuż poboczy dróg.

3

Effects of mowing regime on diversity of mediterranian roadside vegetation: implications for management

Simões M. P., Belo A. F., Souza C.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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Vol. 61, nr 2

241--255

EN

Shrub development on road outside verges can provide alternative wildlife habitat. However, management of inside verges should keep vegetation at a height consistent with proper road visibility and safety. The influence of management on vegetation was analyzed on the inside verge of two Portuguese roads, one mown once and another twice a year. Specifically, the effect of mowing frequency on shrub abundance and the combined effect of management and shrubs on floristic diversity were addressed. One stretch of each road was surveyed for shrub abundance and for herbaceous species diversity and cover. The effect of mowing frequency on shrub growing and biomass production and allocation was also evaluated along two years. Results indicate that vegetation mowing yearly in spring is enough to keep the inside verge free from most shrubs. However, summer growing shrubs like Dittrichia viscosa can persist, decreasing both floristic diversity and cover, particularly of meadow species. Moreover, in response to spring mowing, shrubs grew fast and were able to disperse efficiently. An additional autumn mowing significantly decreased not only shrub height and canopy area, but specially seed production and dispersal. Thus, the inside verge management should be based on two mowing periods. The first in spring to control winter and spring growing species, and an additional autumn mowing to control growth and dispersal of summer growing shrubs and trees, or even tall grasses. This management regime will combine safety with improvement of the amenity and habitat value of the road verges.

4

Zawartość makro- i mikroskładników w glebach poboczy dróg przebiegających przez tereny rolnicze w okresie jesiennym

Iżewska A., Chudecka J., Tomaszewicz T., Wróbel M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Uniwersytet Zielonogórski

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2011

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nr 143 (23)

69-75

PL

Autorzy badali zawartość makro- i mikroskładników rozpuszczalnych w 0,5M HCl w glebach poboczy dróg przebiegających przez obszary użyt-kowane rolniczo Niziny Szczecińskiej w okresie jesiennym. W obrębie poboczy, o łącznej szerokości 5 m, wyodrębniono 5 stref (A-E) w układzie zwiększającej się odległości od krawędzi jezdni. Celem badań była ocena dostępności składników pokarmowych dla roślin. Stwierdzono, że zasobność badanych gleb w fosfor i magnez była niska i bardzo niska. Zawartość tych pierwiastków oraz sodu istotnie malała w miarę oddalania się od jezdni, co można powiązać ze stosowaniem środków odladzających. Zawartość potasu nie wykazała istotnych zmian, a wysoka i średnia zasobność w ten makro-składnik świadczyła o dostępności dla roślin. Nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic w zawartości mikroskładników rozpuszczalnych w 0,5M HCl.

EN

The authors investigated the content of macro-and microelements soluble in 0.5M HCl in soils of roadsides of roads running through agricultural area of Szczecin Lowland in autumn. Within the roadsides, with a total width of 5 m, separated five zones (A-E) in the system of increasing distances from the edge of roads. The aim of study was to assess of nutrients availability for plants. It was found that the abundance of investigated soils in phosphorus and magnesium was low and very low. The contents of these elements and sodium decreased significantly as you move away from the roadway, which can be associated with the use of snow removal. The potassium content did not show significant changes, and the high and medium abundance of this macroelement testified to the availability for plants. The authors found no significant differences in the contents of micronutrients soluble in 0.5M HCl.

5

Wayside Defect Detection of the Wheelsets − Simulation-based Analysis

Kowalska Z.

Vibrations in Physical Systems

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2004

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Vol. 21

219--222