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Sedimentary evidence for an ice-sheet dammed lake in a mountain valley of the Eastern Sudetes, Czechia

Hanáček M., Nývlt D., Skácelová Z., Nehyba S., Procházková B., Engel Z.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2018

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Vol. 68, no. 1

107--134

EN

An accumulation of glacial sediments is located near Písečná village in the depression between the Sokol Ridge and Zlaté Hory Highlands NNE of Jeseník town (Eastern Sudetes). The accumulation lies at the lateral side of the mountain valley of the Bělá River and fills a preglacial palaeovalley of this river. Research combining facies analysis of outcrops, ground penetrating radar survey, interpretation drilling survey, and modelling of the preglacial relief was undertaken at the site. According to the results obtained, the upper part of the sedimentary accumulation represents a coarse-grained terminoglacial glaciofluvial delta of the Gilbert type. The development of the accumulation has dominantly been driven by the preglacial morphology. Facies typical for foresets of coarse-grained deltas represented mainly by high-density flows, cohesionless debris flows, debris falls and less common low-density flows were found in the outcrops. The delta near Písečná prograded into a lake dammed by the ice-sheet front in the north. The lake was bounded by the slopes of Sokol Ridge, Zlaté Hory Highlands and Góry Parkowe on other sides. The lake level reached an altitude of up to 430 m a.s.l., as the coarse-grained delta plain base lies at this level.

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Zespoły plejstoceńskiej fauny (zbiory Muzeum Geologicznego PIG-PIB) w ujęciu stratygraficznym, geologicznym i tafonomicznym

Woroncowa-Marcinowska K., Pawłowska K., Żarski M., Urban J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2017

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Vol. 65, nr 1

53--62

EN

The paper presents 15 collections of bones of mammals (15 sites, 357 specimens) from the Geological Museum of the Polish Geological Institute, which were gathered during the firsthalf of the 20th century. This is the first study of these collections. The remains of J Urban woolly mammoth, woolly rhinoceros, bison, reindeer, horse and predators, and other bones complement the record of their occurrence in central Europe during the last glaciation. The geological position was established for most sites based on both published sources and own research (Kadzielnia and Sitkówka quarries). The collections were obtained from fluvial (woolly mammoth and rhinoceros), aeolian (mammoth remains) and cave sediments (taxonomic diversity of mammals with predominance ofpredators). It has been confirmed that typical Pleistocene sediments of the Kadzielnia quarry occur only in the Jaskinia Jeleniowska Cave and Schronisko nad Przepaścią Cave. The analysis of the literature suggests that the majority of bones representing all collections are ofVistulian (Würm) age, mainly the Grudziądz Interstadial.

3

Stanowisko późnoczwartorzędowych osadów jaskiniowych : schronisko nad Jaskinią Zegar w Skalach Zegarowych (Wyżyna Częstochowska)

Krajcarz M. T., Sudoł M., Krajcarz M., Cyrek K.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2012

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Vol. 60, nr 10

s. 546--553

EN

The Shelter above the Zegar Cave (Shelter No 388) (N 50°25’41” E 19°40’27”) is located in the Zegarowe Rocks ridge in the Ryczów Upland (southern part of the Czêstochowa Upland), municipalityWolbrom, district Olkusz. In 2009, Mrs. Jadwiga and Mr. Lucjan Wodarz found an archeological flint artifact in a type of leaf point at the slope below the Shelter. This finding allowed suspecting the presence of Palaeolithic cultural layers inside or near the Shelter. The authors’aim was to recognize the geological context of the Palaeolithic settlement of the Shelter above the Zegar Cave and its neighborhood, and in further perspective of the entire southern part of the Ryczów Upland micro-region. Four layers were discovered in the Shelter during field works (downward): I – humic silty loam, Holocene; II – loess altered by secondary soil processes during the Holocene; III – unaltered loess, dated to MOIS 2; IV – silty cave loam with limestone rubble, dated to MOIS 3. The chronostratigraphy is based on lithostratigraphy and confirmed by radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dating. An archaeological cultural level occurs in layer IV, most probably related to the shift from the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic. The sequence of cave sediments may be well correlated with numerous profiles of cave sites from the Kraków-Czêstochowa Upland.

4

Problem granicy pliocen/plejstocen w słodkowodnych osadach Mizernej na Podhalu

Zastawniak-Birkenmajer E., Birkenmajer K.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2012

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Vol. 60, nr 5

276-283

EN

TheMizerna site (Polish Western Carpathians) is one of the most important Pliocene palaeobotanic sites in Central Europe. Its fresh-water deposits, laid down in a buried river valley, were studied in detail more than half a century ago in natural exposures and shallow boreholes, prior to partial drowning of the area by an artificial lake. The deposits yielded a very rich macrofossil plant collection elaborated in detail by Szafer (1954) who claimed that they represented a continuous succession of the Pliocene through Early Pleistocene plant communities. First palynological examination of the Mizerna deposits (by Oszast) was made more than half a century ago. Re-evaluation of stratigraphic and palaeoclimatic significance of macrofossil plant remains, along with a reassessment of palaeoenvironmental and sedimentary conditions during formation of the Mizerna fresh-water deposits, is in progress. This may help elucidate the problem whether the Mizerna sediments represent both the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene or, solely, the Pliocene successions.

5

O podziale klimatostratygraficznym kompleksu środkowopolskiego w plejstocenie Polski

Lindner L., Marks L.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2012

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Vol. 60, nr 1

36-45

EN

The term Middle Polish Complex was introduced by the authors in 2007 as an informal superstage of the younger Middle Pleistocene in Poland. It replaced a previous inconsistent term of Middle Polish Glaciations, composed both of glaciations and interglacials. The Middle Polish Complex comprises deposits of 3 glaciations (Liwiecian, Krznanian and Odranian) and 3 interglacials (Mazovian, Zbójnian and Lublinian). Glacial and lake-marshy deposits of the complex correspond with loess sequences and separating palaeosols. Their common superposition in Poland and recorded palaeomagnetic episodes Emperor, Chegan, Jamaica and Blake of the Brunhes epoch verify a chronology of climatic changes and climatostratigraphic subdivision of the complex. Mutual relation of climate changes and their reference to glacial-interglacial and loessy-palaeosol cycles in neighbouring countries support usefulness to more specified correlations. Successive interglacials and glaciations of the Middle Polish Complex correspond to rhythmic global climate changes reflected by oxygen isotope stages in deep-sea boreholes (MIS11-6)

6

The fossil echinoids of Santa Maria Island, Azores (Northern Atlantic Ocean)

Madeira P., Kroh A., Cordeiro R., Meireles R., Avila S.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2011

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Vol. 61, no. 3

243-264

EN

In the relatively young archipelago of the Azores, fossiliferous deposits are restricted to the oldest island (Santa Maria), mainly from late Miocene.early Pliocene deposits, and a few from the Pleistocene. echinoid material collected from these deposits comprises mainly disarticulated skeletal material (primary spines and coronal fragments) and a few complete tests. The taxa present in the Upper Miocene to lower Pliocene beds comprise Eucidaris tribuloides, Echinoneus cf. cyclostomus, Clypeaster altus, Echinocyamus pusillus, Echinocardium sp. 1, Echinocardium sp. 2, Schizobrissus sp. and undetermined spatangoids. The spatangoids and E. cf. cyclostomus, are new records for the Miocene.Pliocene strata of the island. The material collected from Upper Pleistocene outcrops (MISS 5e) included three regular echinoid species, Sphaerechinus granularis, Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus. The two latter species are recorded for the first time from the Pleistocene deposits of the island. Compared to the older deposits, the Pleistocene record represents a very narrow range of environments and is basically restricted to deposits associated with an ancient rocky shore. Moreover, the conspicuous presence of taxa typical of tropical seas in the Mio-Pliocene sediments contrasts with the Pleistocene and modern echinoid fauna, which is warm temperate in composition.

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Czy i gdzie mamy w Polsce ślady przedostatniego interglacjału (lubawskiego, lubelskiego)?

Lindner L.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2008

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Vol. 56, nr 5

398-398

EN

Based on documented examples, distinguishing the penultimate interglacial located at 7 OIS (251.000–195.000 years BP) has been proved correct in the Pleistocene of Europe. In Poland this interglacial is documented by lacustrine deposits of the Lubavian Interglacial (the sites: Grabówka, Losy), a mid-loess soil complex of the Tomaszów type (the sites: Odonów, Tomaszów, Nieledew, Branice, Łopatki) of the Lublinian Interglacial and marine deposits of the so-called Sztum Sea (the site Nowiny). Out of Poland it is characterized by marine deposits of the Grřdeland Interglacial, as well as by lacustrine deposits of the Le Buchet, Uecker, Snaigupélé, Shklov, Cherepet Interglacial, and the Korshev, Kaydaki mid-loess soil complex. It is also possible that part of the sites in the Polish Lowlands that previously have been, solely on the basis of palynologic experts, attributed to the last interglacial (Eemian), in fact represent the penultimate interglacial (Lubavian, Lublinian), separating the Krznanian Glaciation (8 OIS) from the Odranian Glaciation (6 OIS).

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Tarasy rzeczne Nysy Kłodzkiej oraz drobne plejstoceńskie struktury tektoniczne w strefie sudeckiego uskoku brzeżnego i przełomu bardzkiego w Janowcu

Badura J., Przybylski B., Tokarski A., Świerczewska A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2007

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Vol. 55, nr 3

228-228

EN

New research in the N part of the Bardo Gorge [close to the Sudetic Marginal Fault] evidenced the occurrence of two hitherto unknown Pleistocene river terraces. The terraces were interpreted basing on digital elevation model [DEM] 1;10,000 and radars sweeping of the Earth’s surfaces [DETM level 2]. Moreover, the results of petrographical analysis of deposits exposed in the 22 high river terrace show two-tier structure of the terrace. This suggest a polygenetic age of the terrace. Within the last terrace fractured clasts and small-scale faults were observed. Fractured clasts were studied in the bottom part of the 22-m-high river terrace where numerous fractured clasts occur. This part of the terrace is composed of gravels containing clasts up to 80 cm across. The matrix is sandy-clayey. The fractures are usually restricted to particular clasts. The fractures compose two sets striking NW-SE and N-S. Gravels exposed in the uppermost part of the terrace are cut by few strike-slip, N-S striking, sub-vertical faults which can be traced along a vertical distance up to 50 cm. These faults cut the gravel matrix but omit clasts. Fractures cutting the clasts do show a well organized architecture which is independent of orientation of a-b surfaces of the host clasts. These features indicate that the fractures were formed in situ within the studied gravels. Furthermore, for the majority of fractures, the angle between the fracture and the a-b surface of the host clast is less than 80, confirming the in situ origin of fractures. The fractures of one set are parallel to the strike of the Sudetic Marginal Fault. This suggests that the origin of the fractures is related to that of the fault. The fractures of the second set may represent Riedel shears associated with the activity of the Sudetic Marginal Fault. The orientations of minor faults confirm this supposition. Summing up, we believe that during the Pleistocene, the Sudetic Marginal Fault was a dextral strike-slip fault, at least in the discussed area.

9

Znaczenie występowania glin lodowcowych Polski i Ukrainy

Lindner L., Boguckij A., Chlebowski R., Gożik P.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2004

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Vol. 52, nr 4

331-335

EN

The presence of glacial tills in eight loess type sections documenting, in most cases, a complete rhythm of climatic changes during the last 780 ka (Brunhes epoch) in Poland and Ukraine, allows to precisely establish the age of these tills. The oldest till in Odonów, Kolonia Zadębce, and Bojanice represents the Sanian 2 (Elsterian 2, Okanian) Glaciation. The younger till (in Wąchock, Gradiżsk, and Wjazowok) corresponds to the ice-sheet extent during the Krznanian (Saalian 2, Dnieper 1) Glaciation, and the youn gest till (in Wąchock, Bugaiwka, and Stajki) to the ice-sheet extent during the Odranian (Saalian 3, Dnieper 2) Glaciation. The occurrence of these glacial tills in the discussed loess sections is crucial for the correlation of glacial and extraglacial stratigraphic schemes for the Pleistocene of Europe.

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Śląska i wielkopolska prowincja litostratygraficzna glin zwałowych

Czerwonka A. J.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2004

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Vol. 52, nr 5

421-–429

EN

The paper introduces a semiformal term “glacial till lithostratigraphical provinces” to denote geographical areas of occurrence of lithological groupings and formations of glacial tills. Within the area between Noteć River ice-marginal valley and the Sudetic Foreland, 23 types of tills were recognized. Of these, 15 lithotypes were included into the Great Poland till province, four were included into the Silesian province, while the remaining ones, found at the eastern periphery of the Kraków-Częstochowa Highland are preliminarily assigned to another, not yet defined province situated east of the study area. Maps illustrating distribution of particular lithotypes were made and served as a basis for an attempt to reconstruct the changes in ice-sheet extent during subsequent glaciations.

11

Fauna interglacjału ferdynandowskiego z Podgórza koło Wyśmierzyc nad Pilicą

Skompski F.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2004

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Vol. 52, nr 6

516-–518

EN

The profile of the borehole Podgórze B1, which at first was reconed among the Mazovian Interglacial was revealed by palynological analyses to represent the Ferdynandów Interglacial. Additional paleozoological studies confirmed presence of diverse faunal remains: Ostracoda, Pisces, Mollusca and Coleoptera, which allow to better recognize the character of environment of the interglacial sediments in Podgórze.

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Fauna osadów interglacjalnych z Koczarek koło Mrągowa

Skompski S.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2002

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Vol. 50, nr 7

615-619

PL

Analiza paleontologiczna 46 próbek z otworu wiertniczego w Koczarkach wykazała obecność różnorodnych szczątków zwierząt: mięczaków, małżoraczków, ryb i owadów. Na tej podstawie określono warunki paleoekologiczne i paleoklimatyczne w jakich powstawały osady z fauną oraz ich stratygrafię. Znalezione tu charakterystyczne gatunki mięczaków: Corbicula fluminalis i Lithoglyphus jahni oraz małżoraczka Scottia browniana pozwalają określić wiek osadów z fauną na interglacjał mazowiecki.