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Utilizing Pyrolysis of Plastic Debris for Refuse-Derived Fuel Production and Viable Substitute to Wood Debris

Mutiara Sari Mega, Inoue Takanobu, Harryes Regil Kentaurus, Septiariva Iva Yenis, Yokota Kuriko, Notodarmodjo Suprihanto, Kato Shigeru, Al Ghifari Rizal Muhammad, Suhardono Sapta, Suryawan I. Wayan Koko, Prayogo Wisnu, Arifianingsih Nur Novilina

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2023

Vol. 24, iss. 8

133--142

This research explores the viability of converting discarded Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) plastic waste into a valuable resource through the implementation of pyrolysis and refuse-derived fuel (RDF) technologies. The objective is to assess the potential of PET charcoal waste as an efficient source for RDF generation, surpassing the energy recovery and recycling potential of PET waste. The study introduces three RDF variants: RDF PET100, RDF PET50, and RDF PET0. RDF PET100 is comprised entirely of PET charcoal, RDF PET50 combines 50% PET charcoal with 50% wood debris, and RDF PET0 consists entirely of wood debris. Comprehensive assessments of water content, ash content, and calorific value were conducted to evaluate the quality of these RDF formulations. Results indicate that RDF PET100 exhibits a water content of 2.63%, ash content of 0.73%, and calorific value of 5,976 MJ/kg. Similarly, RDF PET50 showcases a water content of 3.6%, ash content of 1.05%, and calorific value of 5,587 MJ/kg. RDF PET0 presents a water content of 7.51%, ash content of 1.36%, and calorific value of 4,198 MJ/kg. The outcomes underline the potential of PET plastic waste repurposing through RDF and pyrolysis techniques. Particularly, RDF PET100 emerges as a high-caliber fuel option characterized by its minimal water and ash content, coupled with a substantial calorific value. This innovation holds promise in mitigating plastic waste challenges, particularly pertinent in the context of Indonesia.

Microbial Biofilm of Plastic in Tropical Marine Environment and their Potential for Bioremediation of Plastic Waste

Afianti Nur Fitriah, Rachman Arief, Hatmanti Ariani, Yogaswara Deny, Anggiani Milani, Fitriya Nurul, Darmayati Yeti

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 4

261--275

Plastic debris has become a global problem due to its widespread distribution and accumulation in the marine environment. Indigenous bacteria in the marine environment are able to quickly contaminate plastic surface and assemble to form successional plastisphere-specific bacterial. The formation of microbial biofilms on the plastic surface can indirectly initiate the degradation of plastic polymers. The environmental conditions of the tropical region make the growth of microbial biofilms become faster. However, the study on the biodiversity of microorganisms in marine plastic debris is limited to the northern hemisphere, which includes subtropical and temperate regions. This review provides current studies of biodiversity and community structure of plastisphere in tropical environments, including bacteria and microalgae, and their potential to degrade the plastic polymer. A systematic literature search has been conducted using Scopus with different combinations of keywords. In addition, Google Scholar databases were also used to find more studies on some specific topics, including plastic degrading organisms. The climate-associated areas have been grouped according to the latitude of the study site into tropical, subtropical, and temperate latitudes. The microorganisms analyzed in this review are only bacteria, actinobacteria, and microalgae.