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Przemysł materiałów budowlanych wobec problemów współczesnej cywilizacji

Stoch L.

Prace Instytutu Ceramiki i Materiałów Budowlanych

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2014

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R. 7, nr 17

67--78

PL

Redukcja szkodliwych emisji i zmniejszenie zużycia energii, stosownie do wymagań UE, wyznaczać będzie kierunki postępu technologicznego w przemyśle materiałów budowlanych. Równocześnie wymagania te stwarzają zapotrzebowanie na nowe, dotąd niewytwarzane materiały proekologiczne dla wielu dziedzin. Przykładem jest szkło dla energetyki odnawialnej. Stanowi ono szanse rozwoju, którą producenci materiałów budowlanych powinni wykorzystać.

EN

The target emissions and energy consumption reduction according to EC requirements will determine the technological progress in the building materials industry at the nearest future. On the other hand they create opportunity for new and sophisticated products which will allow energy saving, and CO2 reduction in many fields of human activity. Glasses for solar energy production are the example.

2

Influence of Technology of Preparation and Hot Forming on Structural Characteristics of Shape Memory Ni-Ti Alloys

Szurman I., Kursa M.

Machine Dynamics Problems

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2004

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Vol. 28, No. 4

139-145

EN

System Ni-Ti is based on equi-atomic compound of nickel and titanium. Ni-Ti based alloys are highly stable and resistant to corrosion. However, production of these alloys is very difficult due to high reactivity of titanium. For this reason all the melting processes (plasma, induction, arc melting) must be made in vacuum or under inert atmospheres. Mechanical and other properties of these alloys are in the first place influenced by contents of admixture elements, such as O₂, N₂, H₂, C, etc. Contents of gases in the final material depends in great extent on the used technology of melting. This paper deals with preparation of Ni-Ti based alloys with use of palsma melting, vacuum induction melting and characteristic of properties of Ni-Ti Shape Memory Materials and possibilities of their modification.

3

Electrode erosion mechanism in the rod plasma injector type of generator as deduced from the structure of irradiated substrates

Piekoszewski J., Stanisławski J., Grotzschel R., Matz W., Jagielski J., Szymczyk W.

Nukleonika

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2002

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Vol. 47, nr 3

113-117

EN

Titanium atoms were alloyed into a polycrystalline alundum substrate using a various number of intense pulses consisting of plasma of the working gas and vapor and low energy ions of Ti eroded from electrodes of the rod plasma injector type generator. It appears that at a single pulse titanium always forms a thin metallic film not mixed with the substrate material. With increasing number of pulses the amount of titanium atoms mixed into the substrate increases, whereas the thickness of the film - decreases. Analyses of phase composition and of structural properties, as well as computer simulations of thermal evolution brought the present authors to the conclusion that increase of number of pulses leads to decrease of melting temperature of the top layer of the substrate. It has also been confirmed that metallic ions eroded from electrodes do not undergo such acceleration like working gas ions do; their energy remains on the 200-300 eV level. It is concluded that erosion of the electrode material occurs during the last phase of the discharge via the vacuum arc mechanism.

4

Prototypowe stanowisko do plazmowego topienia metali

Modrzyński A., Grześkowiak K., Namyślak R., Niewiedział R.

Krzepnięcie Metali i Stopów

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2000

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R. 2, nr 44

489--495

PL

W artykule przedstawiono budowę i dokonano charakterystyki elementów składowych prototypowego stanowiska do topienia metali przy wykorzystaniu jako źródła ciepła plazmy niskotemperaturowej generowanej w warunkach obniżonego ciśnienia. Podano wyniki wstępnych badań parametrów pracy stanowiska uzyskane podczas topienia czystej miedzi i niklu. Prezentowane stanowisko docelowo przeznaczone jest do topienia tytanu i jego stopów w tyglu „garnisażowym”.

EN

The characteristic elements of structure and the construction of prototype stand for vacuum melting of metals with application of low temperature plasma have been described in this paper. Parameters of testing melts of pure cooper and nickel have been presented as well. This stand will be using by authors for skull melting titanium and titanium alloys in a next stage.