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Influence of Pre-Sowing Application of Mineral Fertilizers, Root and Foliar Nutrition on Productivity of Winter Triticale Plants

Bielashov Oleh, Rozhkov Arthur, Kalenska Svitlana, Karpuk Lesia, Marenych Mykola, Kuts Oleksandr, Zaitseva Iraida, Romanov Oleksii, Muzafarov Nail

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 6

1--14

The purpose of the research was to develop and scientifically substantiate the system of nutrition of winter triticale crops to optimize their production process and increase plant productivity in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. The highest number of grains in the ear of the main and lateral stems of winter triticale was in the variants where foliar nutrition with a mixture of carbamide, magnesium sulfate and complex fertilizer Ferkrystal Summum during the 31st and 39th microphases and the variants where the third foliar nutrition during the 73th microphase on the background of root application of ammonium nitrate at a dose of 150 kg/ha was conducted. In these variants, the number of grains in the ear on average over the years and variants for pre-sowing fertilization was 40.6 and 40.0 pieces, respectively, which is 11.2 and 11.5%, respectively, more than in the control. Carrying out three foliar nutrition with a mixture of carbamide, magnesium sulfate and complex fertilizer Fercrystal Summum on the background of root nutrition of ammonium nitrate during the 22nd microphase provided an increase in grain weight from the ear and lateral stems of winter triticale compared to the control (application of ammonium nitrate at the dose of 150 kg/ha on frozen thawed soil) by 0.24 and 0.23 g, respectively, or by 14.8 and 15.4%. The studied variants of pre-sowing application of mineral fertilizers significantly affected the parameters of productive plant stand (the number of plants and lateral productive stems), while nutrition provided significant changes in the parameters of grain productivity of winter triticale plants. On the basis of the researches, during winter triticale cultivation, the farms in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine are recommended to carry out pre-sowing application of ammophos (N12P52), to apply ammonium nitrate (N50) for roots in the 22nd microphase in spring and carry out two foliar nutrition in the 31st and 39th microphases with a mixture of carbamide (N10), hepatic magnesium sulfate (1.5 kg/ha) and complex water-soluble fertilizer Ferkrystal Summum.

Biomass and nitrogen responses to grazing intensity in an alpine meadow on the eastern Tibetan Plateau

Gao Y.

Polish Journal of Ecology

2007

Vol. 55, nr 3

469-479

This study was conducted to examine the seasonal dynamics of biomass and plant nitrogen (N) content under three grazing intensities (light grazing - LG: 1.2, moderate grazing - MG: 2.0, and heavy grazing - HG: 2.9 yaks ha[^-1]) in representative alpine meadow on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Differentiation in grazing intensity in the study area started since 1997 and has continued to the present time. Plant samples were collected in the middle of June, August and September. The highest aboveground biomass occurred at the MG site for both August and September. Over the growing season, belowground biomass (0.30 cm) increased as grazing intensity increased. The total belowground biomass averaged over all sampling dates was 1226, 1908 and 2244 g m[^-2] for LG site, MG site and HG site, which accounted for 75, 81 and 88% of total biomass, respectively. The results suggested that grazing intensity changed biomass allocation pattern between aboveground and belowground parts of plants. Higher grazing intensity resulted in higher N concentration in both live and dead aboveground biomass over the study period. Increased grazing intensity tended to increase plant N content averaged over all sampling dates, which were 17.9 g m[^-2], 23.8 g m[^-2] and 27.6 g m[^-2] in LG site, MG site and HG site. The results indicated that higher grazing intensity had a potential to increase the ecosystem pool of plant N.