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1

Using a multicriteria interactive approach in scheduling non-critical activities

Nowak M., Targiel K. S.

Operations Research and Decisions

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2018

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Vol. 28, No. 1

43--56

EN

A typical project consists of many activities. Logical dependencies cause some of them to be critical and some non-critical. While critical activities have a strict start time, in some projects the problem of selecting the start time of a non-critical activity may arise. Usually, it is possible to use the “as soon as possible” or “as late as possible” rules. Sometimes, however, the result of such a decision depends on external factors, e.g., an exchange rate. In this paper, we consider the multi-criteria problem of determining the start time of a non-critical activity. We assume that the earliest start and the latest start times of the activity have been identified using the critical path method, but the project manager is free to select the time when the activity will actually be started. This decision, however, cannot be changed later, as it is associated with the allocation of key resources. The criteria that are usually considered in such a situation are cost and risk. We assume that the cost depends on an exchange rate. We also consider the risks of project delay and a decrease in quality. This paper formulates the selection of the start time for a non-critical activity as a discrete dynamic multicriteria problem. We solve it using an interactive procedure based on the analysis of trade-offs.

2

Priority algorithms for the problem of financial optimisation of a multi-stage project

Klimek M.

Applied Computer Science

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2017

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Vol. 13, no 4

20--34

EN

The article presents the problem of the financial optimisation of a multi-stage project from the contractor's perspective, where customer's payments are analysed as a cash inflow (contractor's revenues) after completing contractual stages and contractor's expenses incurred for the activities executed. In order to solve the problem, priority algorithms are proposed: single-pass and multi-pass ones, using different priority rules and tech-niques for generating solutions dedicated to the investigated optimisation model. The article presents a comparison of the effectiveness of individual algorithms in the case of adequately prepared test problems.

3

Discrete-continuous project scheduling with preemptable activities

Różycki R., Waligóra G., Węglarz J.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2016

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Vol. 64, nr 2

383--393

EN

In this paper, discrete-continuous project scheduling problems with preemptable activities are considered. In these problems, activities of a project simultaneously require discrete and continuous resources for their execution. The activities are preemptable, and the processing rate of each activity is a continuous, increasing function of the amount of a single continuous resource allotted to the activity at a time. The problem is to find a precedence- and discrete resource-feasible schedule and, simultaneously, continuous resource allocation that would minimize the project duration. Convex and concave processing rate functions are considered separately. We show that for convex functions the problem is simple, whereas for concave functions a special methodology has to be developed. We discuss the methodology for three cases of the problem: no discrete resource constraints, one discrete resource being a set of parallel, identical machines, and an arbitrary number of discrete resources. In each case we analyze separately independent and precedence-related activities. Some conclusions and directions for future research are given.

4

Przyczyny powstawania awarii i katastrof budowlanych w budynkach szkieletowych

Tuśnio N., Zegardło B., Ogrodnik P., Szulej J.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 5

1581--1589, CD1

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie przyczyn powstawania katastrof budowlanych w budynkach szkieletowych. Przeprowadzona analiza opisuje zarówno możliwe projektowe przyczyny powstawania katastrof jak i błędy popełniane przez wykonawców oraz w czasie użytkowania obiektu. W artykule opisano również wyjątkowe przyczyny powstawania awarii i katastrof budowlanych. Opisano wpływ wiatrów i pożarów na konstrukcje, a także obciążenia wyjątkowe takie jak wybuchy. W artykule zaprezentowano również statystykę występowania katastrof na terenie kraju w latach 2010-2014. Statystykę opracowano na podstawie danych Głównego Urzędu Nadzoru Budowlanego. Prace zostały wykonane w ramach projektu rozwojowego nr DOB-BIO6/03/48/2014pt. „Innowacyjne rozwiązania metod stabilizowania konstrukcji budowlanych i technologicznych w warunkach działań ratowniczych podczas likwidacji skutków katastrofy budowlanej”.

EN

The aim of the article is to depict the reasons for the occurrence of engineering disasters in frame buildings. The conducted analysis describes both possible design causes for disasters and errors made by contractors as well as during the operation time of a facility. The exceptional reasons for engineering failures and disasters are also described in the article. The impact of winds and fires on constructions as well as exceptional loads, such as explosions are presented. Moreover, the statistics of disasters occurrence in Poland, in the years 2010-2014, is also presented. The statistics was developed on the basis of the data from General Office of Building Control. The works were conducted within the framework of development project No. DOB-BIO6/03/48/2014 „Innovative solutions of stabilizing methods of engineering and technological structures under the conditions of rescue actions during the engineering disaster recovery.”

5

Chosen aspects of project management

Kania A., Spilka M., Griner S.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2013

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Vol. 61, nr 2

388--394

EN

Purpose: In this article a problem of project management (PM) was presented. There was special attention given to objectives, scope of the project and project costs. Moreover, an analysis of project management in chosen organisation was made. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology of project management was shown. A problematic areas of project management (project quality, project risk, time and costs in a project) were discussed. Chosen stages of PM were practically checked in a selected organisation. Findings: In this paper an example of projects classification was presented. The features of project plan were proposed. The necessity of carrying out audits was presented. In the article a threats analysis and a time control were shown. Research limitations/implications: The fundamental purpose of a project management is to achieve success with a proposed budget and schedule. In this case quality, cost and time are the main parameters of the project, significant for the project realisation and evaluation of project results. Practical implications: In the paper practical directions of project planning, realisation and termination were presented. This makes possible minimization of project failures and a positive effect in a project realisation. Originality/value: The analysed PM process in the organisation allowed to know modern project management tools and techniques from a practical side. The realised project was finished with success because a working team had knowledge and experience in the project management.

6

Komputerowe wspomaganie procesu harmonogramowania w planowaniu projektu

Krystek J

Mechanik

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2012

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R. 85, nr 7CD

309--406

PL

Planowanie projektu jest najważniejszym etapem zarządzania projektem. Na tym etapie określany jest harmonogram działań oraz identyfikowane są problemy związane z realizacją projektu. Skuteczne zarządzanie projektem jest możliwe dzięki stosowaniu odpowiednich narzędzi i technik. W artykule wykorzystano autorską aplikację wspomagającą harmonogramowanie w planowaniu projektu.

EN

The project planning is the most important part of project management. At this planning stage the schedule of activities is defined and problems related to the project are identified. Successful project management is possible thanks to the use of proper tools and techniques. This paper uses an unique application supporting scheduling in the project planning.

7

Metody planowania projektów badawczych

Kuchta D.

Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki

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2011

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Nr 4

332-341

PL

W artykule podsumowano klasyczne metody planowania projektów. Pokazano ich niedostosowanie do projektów badawczych i uzasadniono, że projekty badawcze powinny być planowane w inny sposób niż pozostałe projekty. Dokonano przeglądu metod znanych z literatury, które są dedykowane projektom badawczym, a także metod dedykowanych innym typom projektów obarczonych wysokim stopniem niepewności i zmienności - wskazując na możliwość dostosowania tych ostatnich do projektów badawczych. Zarysowano dalsze kierunki badań pozwalających na opracowanie metod planowania projektów badawczych dostosowanych do ich specyfiki. Zwrócono uwagę na fakt istnienia różnych typów projektów badawczych, przy czym każdy z tych typów może potencjalnie wymagać innej metody planowania. Nawiązano do wymogów stawianych planom projektów badawczych finansowanych przez takie instytucje, jak Komisja Europejska, NCBiR czy NCN i wskazano na potrzebę zmiany tych wymogów, aby zoptymalizować wydatkowanie środków przeznaczonych na badania.

EN

Classic project planning methods are summed up. It is shown that they are not suited for research projects and it is justified that a research project should be planned in a different way from the other ones. A review of methods from the literature is conducted - of the methods dedicated to research projects, but also of the methods dedicated to other types of projects biased by a high uncertainty and changeability degree. It is indicated how the latter might be applied to research projects. Further research directions are shown, which will allow one to work out planning methods for research projects adapted to their specificity. Attention is drawn to the fact that various types of research projects exist, while each type may potentially require a different planning method. The requirements set to research project plans by such institutions as the European Commission, the National Centre of Research and Development and the National Centre of Science are mentioned, and it is pointed out that these requirements should be changed in order to optimise the expenditure of financial resources earmarked for research.

8

Wykorzystanie programu MS Project w planowaniu i kontroli projektów realizowanych w KHW S.A.

Tchórzewski S.

Przegląd Górniczy

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2010

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T. 66, nr 9

166-169

PL

Jednoczesna realizacja wielu projektów wymaga uporządkowania oraz usystematyzowania informacji niezbędnej dla skutecznego zarządzania nimi. Sposobem pozwalającym na takie podejście jest wprowadzenie standardu, obejmującego między innymi zakres oraz formę informacji, który pozwala na porównywanie poszczególnych projektów pomiędzy sobą. W artykule zaprezentowano doświadczenia, uzyskane w procesie wprowadzenia takiego standardu w planowaniu oraz monitorowaniu projektów w KHW S.A.

EN

The contemporary realization of many projects requires putting in order and systematizing of information necessary for their management. The way allowing such approach is standard introduction, which includes among others the range and form of information and enables comparison particular projects between themselves. Experiences achieved in the introduction of such standard in projects planning and monitoring in KHW S.A. are presented.