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1 Polish Journal of Ecology

1 2007

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Physiological properties of bacteria inhabiting polluted and unpolluted marine sandy beaches (Southern Baltic Sea)

Podgórska Beata, Mudryk Zbigniew Jan

Polish Journal of Ecology

2007

Vol. 55, nr 1

15-26

The occurrence of bacteria displaying particular physiological properties was studied in polluted (Sopot) and unpolluted (Czołpino) marine sandy beaches (southern Baltic Sea). All eight isolated physiological groups of bacteria were much more numerous in polluted than in unpolluted beach. In polluted beach, bacteria hydrolyzing uric acid (32.5 cells 10[^3] g[^-1] dry w. of sand) and ammonifying bacteria (32.3 cells 10[^3] g[^-1] dry w. of sand) were the most numerous, while nitrifying bacteria were the least numerous (0.014 cells 10[^3] g[^-1] dry w. of sand). In unpolluted beach, bacteria hydrolyzing uric acid (0.66 cells l0[^3] g[^-1] dry w. of sand) and reducing methylene blue (0.18 cells l0[^3] g[^-1] dry w. of sand) were the most numerous, while no bacteria producing hydrogen sulphide from organic compounds or bacteria decomposing urea were isolated. In both beaches, considerable differentiation in the distribution of physiological groups of bacteria was found in a horizontal profile i.e. from the water-line to the middle of beach ([similar to] 60 m). Data concerning horizontal distribution of the physiological groups of bacteria in the sand of the polluted beach show that the majority of those groups was most numerous in the dune. No clear regularity in the distribution of physiological groups of bacteria was found in the horizontal profile of the unpolluted beach. Results of the present study indicate differences in the distribution of the physiological groups of bacteria in the surface (0-5 cm) and subsurface (5-10 cm) sand layers. Generally, in both studied beaches all physiological groups of bacteria were much more numerous in the surface than in the subsurface sand layer. The exception were bacteria reducing sulphates which in the polluted beach were most numerous at the depth of 5-10 cm.