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Performance in a Pitch Memory Task by Visually Handicapped Children and Youths

Bogusz E., Koprowska H., Skrodzka E.

Archives of Acoustics

2012

Vol. 37, No. 4

549-553

The present work discusses results concerning sound perception obtained in a pitch memorization experiment for blind and visually impaired subjects (children and teenagers). Listeners were divided into two age groups: 7–13 year olds and 14–18 year olds. The study tested 20 individuals (8 congenitally blind and 12 visually impaired) and 20 sighted persons comprising reference groups. The duration of the experiments was as short as possible due to the fact that our listeners were children. To date, no study has described results of such experiment for blind/visually handicapped children and teenagers. In the pitch memory experiment blind teenagers outperformed blind children and both age groups of visually impaired subjects in two out of three tested cases. These results may have implications for the development of auditory training in orientation and mobility of young visually handicapped people.

Absolute pitch: Common traits in music and language

Rakowski A., Miyazaki K.

Archives of Acoustics

2007

Vol. 32, No. 1

5-16

Absolute pitch in music means an ability of long-term auditory memory to store pitch standards corresponding to within-octave musical pitch classes, based on a generally recognized reference pitch. Such an ability, extremely rare among Western musicians, appears much more commonly among musicians of Asiatic countries. Hypothetically, it is due to either the special forms and early beginnings of musical education (Japan), or to a sort of "preconditioning" of the pitch-memory system in infants and very young children, to treat pitch value as a meaningful element of speech communication (countries with tone languages). Similarities and differences between absolute pitch in music and the memory for pitch value in tone languages will be discussed in detail.