Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

The calibration of sharp-crested weirs with a horizontal edge used for measuring flows in partially full pipes

Kubrak Janusz, Kubrak Elżbieta, Binio Joanna E.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2024

|

no. 60

24--31

EN

This paper presents the results of a laboratory study on the discharge capacity of sharp-crested weirs fitted with a horizontal edge in pipes during open-channel flow conditions and clean water used to measure the outflow. Such sharp-crested weirs are mounted in pipes and are used to control the inflow to separators. The stream profile does not correspond to the profile given by Bazin for sharp crested weirs in channels. A desired location of the water level measurement point for flow rate calculations was provided. Discharge curves were identified for three sharp-crested weirs of 0.0465, 0.0634 and 0.0771 m in height, installed in the pipe of 0.1534 m in diameter and inclinations of 0.5 and 1.0%. The discharge curves for weir flow with free nappe does not show a significant effect of the pipe slope on the weir discharge capacity. The non-dimensional formulas for the discharge capacity of the sharp-crested weir were found as general polynomial regressions. The results indicate that the calibrated sharp-crested weir with a horizontal edge placed in a pipe can be used to control the flow. Due to the scale effect, relationships obtained from the calibration cannot be generalised to other pipe diameters and weirs heights than those analysed.

2

Styki rozciągane kształtowników zamkniętych

Broniewicz Mirosław

Inżynier Budownictwa

|

2023

|

nr 10

46--49

3

Dynamic stability of a cracked pipe conveying fluid and resting on a Pasternak elastic foundation

Lolov Dimitar, Lilkova-Markova Svetlana

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

|

2022

|

z. 117

103--113

EN

Pipeline transport is used worldwide in many sectors of the economy. Its main advantages are continuity of transport, large transportation volumes, small energy consumption, safety, reliability and high environmental benefits. However, the safety problems of pipes attract much interest in science and industry. This paper deals with a cracked pipe with a static scheme of a simply supported beam. It rests along its entire length on a Pasternak elastic foundation. The flowing fluid is considered non-compressible and heavy. The Galerkin method is employed to approach the problem numerically. Conclusions are drawn based on the influence of the crack and the parameters of the Pasternak elastic foundation on the critical flow velocity of the fluid.

4

Experimental studies of design-and-technological parameters of heat exchanger

Yaropud Vitalii, Kupchuk Ihor, Burlaka Serhiy, Poberezhets Julia, Babyn Ihor

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

|

2022

|

R. 98, nr 10

57--60

EN

As a result of experimental studies, a mathematical model of the influence of the length of the air duct, volumetric air flow, air temperature in the external environment on the useful thermal power of the developed heat exchanger for its given geometric parameters was obtained. As a result of experimental studies, the optimal values of the design and technological parameters of the developed heat exchanger have been established, at which its useful thermal power is maximum.

PL

W wyniku badań eksperymentalnych uzyskano model matematyczny wpływu długości kanału powietrznego, objętościowego przepływu powietrza, temperatury powietrza w środowisku zewnętrznym na użyteczną moc cieplną opracowanego wymiennika ciepła dla zadanych parametrów geometrycznych. W wyniku badań eksperymentalnych ustalono optymalne wartości parametrów konstrukcyjnych i technologicznych opracowanego wymiennika ciepła, przy których jego użyteczna moc cieplna jest maksymalna.

5

Drogowe urządzenia zamknięte dla wsiąkania wody - cz. II

Szafraniec Wacław

Magazyn Autostrady

|

2022

|

Nr 2

50--54

PL

W niniejszej pracy opisano zmiany w środowisku naturalnym następujące poprzez zabudowę budowlaną, infrastrukturę, budowę dróg, gdy jej równowaga została zakłócona. W celu zachowania stanu pierwotnego proces swobodnego i naturalnego wsiąkania wody należy uzupełnić przez tzw. dodatkowe wsiąkanie oraz odprowadzenie nadmiaru wody do cieków. W I części artykułu autor przedstawił charakterystykę specjalistycznych systemów drenażowych: rurowy i francuski. W II części artykułu przedstawione zostaną: kwestie związane z projektowaniem kanalizacji ścieków opadowych, przykłady obliczeń wielkości spływu ścieków opadowych, obliczenia hydraulicznych ciągów drenarskich oraz wymiar kosztów dla analizowanych drenaży.

EN

In this paper, the author presents changes in the natural environment caused by structure development, infrastructure, road construction, when its balance has been disturbed. To maintain the original state, the process of free and natural water soaking should be supplemented by the so-called additional soakage and discharge of excess water to watercourses. Additional soakage is possible thanks to open surface structures, such as sinkholes, ditches and absorbent reservoirs, as well as underground devices also used for drainage. These are usually specialised drainage systems in which the ability to both absorb and drain water is important. The author focuses on two drains: pipe and French ones. These two systems are compared, by presenting their work technology, and their construction costs are analysed.

6

Drogowe urządzenia zamknięte dla wsiąkania wody - cz. I

Szafraniec Wacław

Magazyn Autostrady

|

2022

|

Nr 1

59--61

PL

W niniejszej pracy opisano zmiany w środowisku naturalnym następujące poprzez zabudowę budowlaną, infrastrukturę, budowę dróg, gdy jego równowaga została zakłócona. W celu zachowania stanu pierwotnego proces swobodnego i naturalnego wsiąkania wody należy uzupełnić przez tzw. dodatkowe wsiąkanie oraz odprowadzenie nadmiaru wody do cieków.

EN

In this paper, the author presents changes in the natural environment caused by structure development, infrastructure, road construction, when its balance has been disturbed. To maintain the original state, the process of free and natural water soaking should be supplemented by the so-called additional soakage and discharge of excess water to watercourses. Additional soakage is possible thanks to open surface structures, such as sinkholes, ditches and absorbent reservoirs, as well as underground devices also used for drainage. These are usually specialised drainage systems in which the ability to both absorb and drain water is important. The author focuses on two drains: pipe and French ones. These two systems are compared, by presenting their work technology, and their construction costs are analysed.

7

Load condition analysis of pipe flange connection with gasket flat gasket and loose clamping rings

Wróbel Gabriel, Walczak Kazimierz

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2022

|

Vol. 111, nr 1

5--17

EN

Purpose: This paper describes the study of the connection with loose fixing composite rings of pipe flanges. The elastic properties of the joint components - gasket, pressure flanges, rings and fixing bolts were determined experimentally. Design/methodology/approach: The criterion of joint tightness was formulated. The constructed model was used to determine the analytical dependence of the joint leakage pressure on the assembly torque of bolts tightening. The correctness of the model was confirmed by the agreement of the analytical results with the experimental results. Findings: Quantitative characteristics were determined for the selected type of joint. Practical implications: The formulated conclusions indicate the possibility of using the model to support the design process and to select the structural parameters of the joint meeting the operational requirements and safety criteria. Originality/value: Produced with recycled materials using.

8

Optimization model the pipe diameter in the drinking water distribution network using multi-objective genetic algorithm

Sulianto, Setiono Ernawan, Yasa I. Wayan

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2021

|

no. 48

55--64

EN

Under conditions of gravity flow, the performance of a distribution pipe network for drinking water supply can be measured by investment cost and the difference in real and target pressures at each node to ensure fairness of the service. Therefore, the objective function for the optimization in the design of a complex gravity flow pipe network is a multi-purpose equation system set up to minimize the above-mentioned two parameters. This article presents a new model as an alternative solution to solving the optimization equation system by combining the Newton–Raphson and genetic algorithm (GA) methods into a single unit so that the resulting model can work effectively. The Newton–Raphson method is used to solve the hydraulic equation system in pipelines and the GA is used to find the optimal pipe diameter combination in a network. Among application models in a complex pipe network consisting of 12 elements and 10 nodes, this model is able to show satisfactory performance. Considering variations in the value of the weighting factor in the objective function, opti-mal conditions can be achieved at the investment cost factor (ω1) = 0.75 and the relative energy equalization factor at the service node (ω2) = 0.25. With relevant GA input parameters, optimal conditions are achieved at the best fitness value of 1.016 which is equivalent to the investment cost of USD 56.67 thous. with an average relative energy deviation of 1.925 m.

9

Defects and Incompatibilities of Pipes Manufactured by Pilgrim Method

Biś Jesica, Koczurkiewicz Bartosz, Mazur Igor

New Trends in Production Engineering

|

2019

|

Vol. 2, Iss. 2

24-35

EN

The increase in the quality requirements for the pipes and the increasing needs to reduce production costs, while increasing the efficiency of the process in market of hot rolled pipes are observed. One of the cost reduction factors is the reduction of the number of defects by early detection and, if possible, the removal of non-conformities. Incompatibility is an error that can be removed in accordance with the performance standard that does not cause defects (Norma API). The defect is imperfection that is so important that it is the basis for the removal of the product or its part based on the criteria set out in the performance standards. In pipe manufacturing processes, defects and batch incompatibilities can be distinguished, which arise in the steelworks during metal solidification and roll forming in the course of metal processing. The defect may also arise as a result of removing steel material or result from rolling processes defects. The paper presents the analysis of the process of quality control of pipes manufactured using the pilgrim method on the basis of real process data. The analysis were involved 1070 pieces of ingots from 11 different melts for rolling pipes. At various stages of production, discrepancies and defects were revealed, which were caused by metallurgical or technological defects associated with rolling pipes. The total amount of discrepancies and defects eliminated 168 pieces of finished pipes. The aim of the work is to show that by means of appropriately selected methods of eliminating imperfections, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the manufacturing process.

10

Research of polymeric extrudate with segment-wall construction

Białasz Sebastian, Martinez Isidoro

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

|

2018

|

Vol. 12, no 3

216--222

EN

This paper presents the characteristics of the production of extrudate with axial-symmetrical construction, having a segmented construction wall. Examples of machine tools and devices for manufacturing products with segments and the construction characteristics of a single segment are presented. Methods of shaping the segment wall in forming sockets, characteristics and type of movement made by shaping elements in the process of extrusion in the process line are described. Exemplary results of experimental investigations of the displacement of geometric elements of a single segment and the influence of wall thickness on segment deformation at a given force and speed of deformation under laboratory conditions are presented.

11

Numerical modeled static stress-deformed state of parallel pipes in deformable environment

Safarov Ismoil Ibrohimovich

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

|

2018

|

Vol. 12, no 3

114--125

EN

The paper considers the static pressure of the environment on the parallel pipe. The environment is elastic, homogeneous bodies. To determine the ambient pressure, the finite element method (FEM) is used. An algorithm (MAS) was developed and a computer program was compiled. Based on the compiled program (C++), numerical results are obtained. The numerical results obtained for two to five parallel pipes are compared with known theoretical and experimental results.

12

A study of the influence of friction forces on the transmission of soil vibration on gas pipelines

Gawędzki W., Tarnowski J.

Tribologia

|

2017

|

nr 2

49--58

EN

The article presents the influence of friction force values during the contact of a gas pipeline with sand pack on the transmission of soil vibrations on a tested pipe section. Field experiments were carried out on standard gas pipeline insulations subjected to dynamic interactions. The load sources comprised artificially generated soil vibrations with an impulsive character. Within the course of experiments, soil and pipe vibration acceleration signals were registered for different values of friction forces in its contact with the soil. The value of friction forces being a variable parameter during experiments were applied by the change of values of the tension static force of the gas pipeline section. The analysis of the registered soil and pipe vibration acceleration signals were conducted based on the time-domain signal decomposition method, Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT). This method enables one to decompose the non-stationary vibration acceleration signal into narrowband components. For each component, a course of instantaneous values for frequency and amplitude was specified. The dependence of the pipe vibration acceleration amplitude on the pipe tensile force and friction force of the pipe in the contact with the soil was demonstrated.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wpływ wartości sił tarcia w kontakcie rury gazociągu z obsypką piaskową na przenoszenie drgań gruntu na badany odcinek rury. Przeprowadzono eksperymenty poligonowe, w trakcie których standardowo posadowiona w gruncie rura gazociągu poddawana była oddziaływaniom dynamicznym. Źródłem obciążeń były wywoływane sztucznie drgania gruntu o charakterze impulsowym. W trakcie eksperymentów zarejestrowano sygnały przyspieszeń drgań gruntu oraz rury dla różnych wartości sił tarcia w jej kontakcie z gruntem. Będąca parametrem zmiennym podczas eksperymentów wartość siły tarcia zadawana była poprzez zmianę wartości siły statycznego naciągu odcinka rury gazociągu. Analizę zarejestrowanych sygnałów przyspieszeń drgań gruntu oraz rury przeprowadzono w oparciu o czasową metodę dekompozycji sygnałów Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT). Metoda ta umożliwia rozkład niestacjonarnego sygnału przyspieszenia drgań na składowe wąskopasmowe. Dla każdej składowej określono przebieg chwilowych wartości częstotliwości oraz amplitudy. Wykazano zależność amplitudy przyspieszeń drgań rury od sił naciągu oraz siły tarcia rury w kontakcie z gruntem.

13

Prediction of gas mixture reactivity based on detonation pipe vibrations

Marcinkiewicz K., Żbikowski M., Lesiak P., Teodorczyk A.

Archivum Combustionis

|

2017

|

Vol. 37 nr 1

43--77

EN

The aim of this paper is to make an approach of creation a machine learning system predicting gas mixture composition being burned in a process pipe, based on pipe vibrations measurements. Task is divided into two parts: performing an experiment to get a necessary experimental data, and developing prediction algorithm. First, the basic principles of machine learning and signal processing are presented. Machine learning is the subfield of computer science that focuses on creating algorithms that can learn from provided data and perform predictions, either classification or regression. Signal processing is a general statement for all activities performed on information in form of a signal. In this particular work the emphasis is put on Fourier transform. After introduction, a brief description of the pipe response to internal detonation and pressure load is provided. It is of most significance, since the sensors used in the experiment base on pipe vibrations. Finally, the experimental part is described. The experiment consisted of performing a series of hydrogen-air explosion in pipes, with various hydrogen concentration. Measurement is performed with three sensors: piezoelectric sensor, knock combustion sensor - both measuring vibrations of pipe - and a pressure sensor, measuring pressure. This data is fed to a machine learning algorithm, that works as follows: first, measurement from a sensor is interpolated using b-splines. Then it transposes data from time domain to frequency domain using Fourier transform. Afterwards it is merged into one array. The set is divided into training and scoring sets, using cross-validation techniques. Training sets are used to feed classificator: SVM, SGD, naive Bayes, logistic regression, linear SVC, Ada Boost, perceptron. From this algorithm the prediction score of each classificator is derived and arranged with each other. It appears, that the algorithms used in conjunction with piezoelectric sensor give the score averaging to 50 %. The analysis of frequency spectrum is needless, since there is not enough features. The best classifiers are Perceptron, Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine. Data from pressure sensor give much better results, with accuracy even up to 90 %. Fourier transform boosts the accuracy of classifiers. The best one is logistic regression. Therefore prediction of gas mixture reactivity based on detonation pipe vibration is possible.

14

Research on the pulsatile induced flow in a straight pipe with the MATLAB programming environment

Rydlewicz W., Pałczyński T.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Cieplne Maszyny Przepływowe - Turbomachinery / Politechnika Łódzka

|

2016

|

nr 150

61--72

EN

Research on the pulsatile induced flow in a straight pipe was performed at the Institute of Turbomachinery of Lodz University of Technology. The subject under investigation was the influence of orifice plates, which were installed in the inlet of the pipe, on the pressure pulsation levels in this pipe. A substantial amount of measurements involved in the research required automatization of data acquisition and processing. This was achieved by the conversion of the measurement stand, which had previously been created at the Institute of Turbomachinery, followed by preparation of original scripts/software in the MATLAB programming environment.

PL

W Instytucie Maszyn Przepływowych PŁ przeprowadzono badania wpływu kryzowania na wlocie do prostego przewodu rurowego na przebieg zmienności ciśnienia (amplitudę pulsacji ciśnienia) wywołanych wymuszeniem pulsacyjnym w tym przewodzie. Ze względu na dużą liczbę pomiarów zastosowano metody umożliwiające automatyzację akwizycji oraz przetwarzania danych. W tym celu zmodyfikowano istniejące w Instytucie Maszyn Przepływowych stanowisko pomiarowe oraz opracowano autorskie programy w środowisku programistycznym MATLAB.

15

Analysis of the influence of friction force on the strains of gas pipeline using the Hilbert-Huang transform

Lepiarczyk D., Gawędzki W., Tarnowski J.

Tribologia

|

2016

|

nr 4

145--155

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of friction forces on strains of a gas pipeline pipe in conditions of static and dynamic load. The experiments were conducted on a 28-metre section of pipe laid in quartz sand haunching. The source of dynamic loads was artificially generated soil vibration of a pulse character, which can be interpreted as seismic-like waves of mining origin. The static loads were applied by means of an actuator, which allowed the setting of different values of tension force acting along the pipe axis. The dynamic strain and vibration acceleration of the pipeline were measured during the experiments at different values of tension forces. The recorded signals were subjected to the time-domain decomposition by using the Hilbert-Huang transform. The method allows for the correct decomposition of the primary signal that describes the non-stationary and nonlinear phenomena as a sum of quasi-harmonic components whose amplitudes and frequencies are the parametric functions of time. The analysis included the determination of the influence of friction force in contact between the pipe and the sand haunching on the parameters of dynamic strain signals.

PL

Celem badań było określenie wpływu sił tarcia na stan odkształceń rury przesyłowej gazociągu w warunkach obciążenia statycznego oraz dynamicznego. Eksperymenty przeprowadzono na 28-metrowym odcinku rury ułożonej standardowo w gruncie w obsypce z piasku kwarcowego. Źródłem obciążeń dynamicznych rury przesyłowej w trakcie eksperymentów były wywoływane sztucznie drgania gruntu o charakterze impulsowym, które można interpretować jako fale parasejsmiczne pochodzenia górniczego. Obciążenia statyczne rury wywoływane były za pomocą siłownika, umożliwiającego zadawanie różnych wartości siły naciągu działającej wzdłuż jej osi. Podczas eksperymentów dla różnych wartości sił naciągu rury zmierzono sygnały dynamiczne jej odkształceń oraz przyspieszeń drgań. Zarejestrowane sygnały poddano dekompozycji w dziedzinie czasu z zastosowaniem transformacji Hilberta-Huanga. Metoda umożliwia poprawną dekompozycję sygnału pierwotnego na sumę quasi-harmonicznych składowych, których amplitudy oraz częstotliwości są parametrycznymi funkcjami czasu. W ramach analizy określono wpływ wartości siły tarcia w kontakcie rury z obsypką piaskową na wartości parametrów dynamicznych sygnałów odkształceń.

16

Way to reduce subgrade in highway construction

Nemchinov M. V., Vasilyeva A. G.

Structure and Environment

|

2016

|

Vol. 8, no. 3

147--152

EN

There is formulated the dement of minimum of land works in road construction. For it is suggested new method to construct road pipes and new method of their hydraulic design.

17

Analysis of influence of temperature on wellbore tubing dimensions

Kwietniewski M., Miedzińska D., Niezgoda T., Małek E.

Journal of KONES

|

2016

|

Vol. 23, No. 4

269--273

EN

The construction of exploitation wellbore is complex, it consists of several columns of pipelines which perform different tasks. It is very important to preclude flow of reservoir fluid between wellbore and ground. Tubing is a kind of a pipeline which is very important element of oil and gas wellbore construction. It allows to transport fracturing medium between wellbore station and underground deposit. Manufacture quality and correct mounting of tubing in the wellbore are the key for effective exploitation. However, during work those pipes are subjected to changeable loads which results in temperature value changes for example. That temperature variations can be caused by cold medium transport inside the pipe. In the paper, analyses of influence of temperature value changes on the tubing shrinkage were presented. Numerical analyses of section of pipe vertically located in the wellbore and loaded with changeable temperature were carried out. The calculations were made with the use of coupled structural and thermal analyses. Received results of tubing shrinkage for fragment of pipe were adapted to the column of pipes of 3000 m length. Results of numerical analyses were verified with the analytical calculations. Material of tubing was assumed as steel P110 which is often applied in the wellbore construction.

18

Konstrukcja specjalnej głowicy do wytłaczania rur z tworzyw sztucznych

Baranowski W., Palutkiewicz P.

Przegląd Mechaniczny

|

2015

|

nr 5

27--28

PL

W pracy przedstawiono nowe rozwiązanie konstrukcji głowicy wytłaczarskiej do wytwarzania rur z tworzyw sztucznych, zwłaszcza z PE. Charakterystyczną cechą opisywanej głowicy jest to, że część stożkowa rdzenia od strony dyszy oraz część stożkowa dyszy od strony rdzenia mają na swych powierzchniach zwoje rozmieszczone po linii śrubowej, które są przesunięte względem siebie. Zwoje te tworzą kanał, w którym tworzywo przepływające zostaje skręcone po linii śrubowej. Ukształtowana tym sposobem rura ma większą doraźną wytrzymałość mechaniczną.

EN

The paper presents the new solution for construction of extrusion head for plastic pipes, especially made from polyethylene. A significant feature of this head is that parts of the conical core from the nozzle side and the conical part of the nozzle from the core side have on their surfaces coils disposed in helical path, which are shifted relative to each other. The coils form a channel in which the flowing plastic is twisted helically That shaped pipe has a higher mechanical strength.

19

Żeliwo sferoidalne SAINT-GOBAIN PAM w technologiach bezwykopowych

Nowoczesne Budownictwo Inżynieryjne

|

2015

|

Nr 5

76

PL

Zabudowa rurociągów metodami bezwykopowymi to obniżenie kosztów społecznych, przede wszystkim w obszarach chronionych i silnie zurbanizowanych, to także niższe koszty inwestycji w porównaniu z budową tradycyjną w wykopach otwartych. Dodatkową korzyścią, na którą w obecnych czasach powinniśmy zwracać szczególną uwagę, jest ograniczenie emisji gazów cieplarnianych. Rury z żeliwa sferoidalnego produkcji SAINT-GOBAIN PAM stanowią korzystne ekonomicznie rozwiązanie dla technologii bezwykopowych.

EN

Installation of piping with the use of trenchless methods entails reduction in social costs, mainly in environmentally protected and highly urbanized areas; it also reduces investment costs in comparison with traditional construction in open trenches. An additional benefit particular attention should nowadays be paid to is reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Pipes of ductile iron from SAINT-GOBAIN RAM is an economical solution for trenchless technologies.

20

Rury w technologiach bezwykopowych

Kowacki M.

Nowoczesne Budownictwo Inżynieryjne

|

2015

|

Nr 5

64--69

PL

Obserwowany wielokierunkowy rozwój technologii bezwykopowych obejmuje sprzęt diagnostyczny, materiały, powłoki, technologie i urządzenia stosowane zarówno do budowy, jak i odnowy sieci. Na rynku pojawiają się także coraz to nowsze, lepsze i bardziej uniwersalne rozwiązania materiałowo-konstrukcyjne rur do budowy i odnowy sieci w technologiach bezwykopowych. W artykule dokonano przeglądu rur stosowanych w technologiach bezwykopowych oraz ofert wybranych producentów w tym zakresie.

EN

Current multifaceted development in trenchless technologies include diagnostic equipment, materials, coatings, technologies and equipment used in both construction and renovation of networks. On the market, there are also increasingly newer, better and more versatile material and structural solutions in pipes for the construction and renewal of networks in trenchless technologies. This article reviews pipes used in trenchless technologies and offers from selected manufacturers in the field.