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Single pot benzylation of o-xylene with benzyl chloride and benzyl alkohol over pillared montmorillonites

Kurian M., Sugunan S.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2014

Vol. 16, nr 3

69--73

Improvement of product selectivity is a major concern of the day. Presence of a coreactant can alter the rate as well as product selectivity of many key reactions like Friedel-Crafts benzylation. Single pot benzylation of o-xylene with benzyl chloride and benzyl alcohol was studied over transition metal exchanged pillared clay catalysts. Complete conversion of benzyl alcohol occured within one hour with 100% monoalkylated product selectivity. The reaction of o-xylene with benzyl alcohol was found to proceed fast in presence of benzyl chloride in single pot, than when present alone as the benzylating species. This enhancement occurs at the expense of no reaction of benzyl chloride, which when present alone reacts faster than benzyl alcohol. Existence of a second transition metal exchanged between the pillars increased the rate of the reaction. A detailed investigation of the reaction variables suggested preferential adsorption of benzyl alcohol to catalyst active sites as the reason.

Catalytic Combustion of Trichloroethylene over Pd-Doped Ti-Pillared Montmorillonites

Bahranowski K., Gaweł A., Janik R., Komorek J., Machej T., Michalik A., Serwicka E., Włodarczyk W.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

2003

Vol. 77 / nr 5

675-682

Palladium (0.8 wt.%) was introduced onto Ti-pillared montmorillonite samples by means of incipient wetness technique either before or after calcination of the pillared matrix. Combustion of trichloroethylene (TCE) has been chosen to test the catalytic properties of clay catalysts in deep oxidation of chlorinated volatile organics. The results were referred to the performance of a commercial catalyst. Both materials based on pillared clays were more active than the reference sample. The clay sample doped after calcination was better of the two and gave complete combustion of TCE at temperature by 100 K lower than the commercial catalyst. This material showed also the highest selectivity to HCl at maximum TCE conversion. Further improvement of the clay catalyst performance in terms of the HCl yield and suppression of chlorine evolution was achieved by addition of the methanol vapour to the reaction mixture. The results are discussed in terms of textural and acidic properties of the investigated catalysts.

Clays as Catalysts for the Removal of Nitrogen Oxides

Serwicka E.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

2001

Vol. 75, nr 3

307-328

A comprehensive coverage of literature on the design and application of clay-derived catalysts for the removal of nitrogen oxides (deNOx), encompassing both the cationic and the anionic clay materials is given. Emphasis is put on the versatility of clays, which renders them excellent materials for an intelligent catalyst design. DeNOx processes discussed include SCR by ammonia and hydrocarbons, reduction of NO with CO and decomposition of N2O.