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PL
W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki oznaczeń trytu w wodach z czterech źródeł usytuowanych na terenie Pienińskiego Par¬ku Narodowego. Za pomocą programu FLOWPC podjęto próbę oszacowania trytowego wieku wód w systemie hydrogeologicznym, tj. czasu wymiany wody w zbiornikach drenowanych przez źródła. Z uwagi na skomplikowany porowo-szczelinowy system krążenia wód i niewielkie obszary zasilania najbardziej prawdopodobne wyniki uzyskuje się dla modeli dyspersyjnych i eksponencjalno-tłokowych. Uzyskane wyniki szacowania wieku wód, niezależnie od przyjętego modelu i jego parametrów, potwierdzają stosunkowo młody wiek wód, nieprzekraczający najprawdopodobniej 30 lat, i świadczą o drenowaniu przez badane źródła wód współczesnego zasilania infiltracyjnego.
EN
The paper presents the results of tritium determinations in four springs located within the Pieniny National Park. The attempt of assessing the age of groundwater, i.e. the groundwater tritium turnover time in the drained reservoirs was made using the FLOWPC computer code application. Due to the complex fissure-pore groundwater circulation system as well as relatively small recharge areas, the most reliable results were obtained for dispersion and exponential-piston flow models. The obtained groundwater age estimations, regar¬dless of the assumed model and its parameters, corroborated the relatively young age of studied waters, presumably not exceeding 30 years. This proves that the studied springs in the Pieniny National Park are recharged mainly by modern infiltration.
EN
The paper discusses the results of stationary limnimetric observations conducted since 2003 for three springs located in Pieniny Czorsztyńskie within the Pieniny National Park. Current knowledge on the hydrogeological regime of the examined springs, and especially their response to precipitation, meltwater supply and type of discharge recession during periods with no water supply indicated that all the springs drained small local groundwater reservoirs characterized by rapid water exchange. One of the springs was ofperiodic nature. Relatively short (14 years) observational series on spring discharge were used to identify the periods of low flow and hydrogeological drought. In order to achieve this goal, total precipitation and snow cover thickness were analyzed in individual hydrological years. Low flow periods were defined as those when the spring discharge dropped below an average value calculated on the minimum annual spring discharge for the observation period. Identification of the hydrological drought was based on the interpretation of moving average values, which allowed for the elimination of changes in spring discharge due to seasonal fluctuations and random deviations. The basis for the determination of hydrogeological droughts were the deviations ofmoving average values from the mean value over the entire observation period. The methodology was similar to the ways of determining hydrogeological drought described by other authors in mountainous areas of Poland. Periods of the most severe hydrogeological drought in the Pieniny occurred in the 2003-2004, at the turn of 2005 and 2006, in 2012, and in the 2015-2016. Specific dates of drought occurrence for different springs were variable and depended on the morphological location of the spring and local hydrogeological conditions.
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