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EN
The study of physiognomy is an important element of research into urban landscape. It has been widely discussed in geographical studies. The aim of this presentation is to show the development of Polish geographical research into the physiognomy of urban areas, as well as the role the Lodz geographical centre played in this development. The presentation consists of two parts. The first part describes the main tendencies in the geographical study of urban areas physiognomy. The author presents the prewar works where the study of physiognomy was the basis for urban space analysis. Next, the author discuss works that appeared after World War II and the study of physiognomy which was carried out part of land use and urban morphology analysis. In this case physiognomy was treated only as an element of a vast study of land use or urban planning. The second part of the presentation deals with a new approach to the study of urban physiognomy, which appeared in geographical analyses in the 1990s. At that time physiognomy started to be treated as a separate, individual issue again. The revival of such approach (found earlier, in works from the inter-war period and after 1945) resulted from the huge changes which took place in Polish cities in the period of the political and economic transformation. Such dramatic changes of urban landscape were often not reflected in land use or morphology analyses. Various forms of physiognomy analysis, which proved very useful in the study of this problem, developed at the Lodz geographical centre. This part of the presentation concerns the methods used by the author to describe the changes in the appearance and technical condition of the central part of Lodz and Tomaszow Mazowiecki. The method of point evaluation, based on P.Knox’ works, is used here. The author will also describe the method of studying physiognomy changes based on the analysis of issued building permits, as well as the survey method (perception) used by the author himself. It allowed him to describe changes in physiognomy on the basis of the city inhabitants’ opinions.
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