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Analiza absorpcji promieniowania IR przez tkaniny w kontekście niektórych aspektów strukturalnych i surowcowych. Cz. I

Polipowski M., Pinar A.

Przegląd Włókienniczy - Włókno, Odzież, Skóra

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2016

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nr 7

18--21

EN

The studies on the IR absorption for woven fabrics show that the phenomenon of reflection and transmission of IR is influenced by, among others, the structure of thread channels resulting from the type of weave, sett of warp and weft and the structure of the yarn. Significant factors are also a raw material, surface weight and thickness of a woven fabric as well as its color and finish. Further research enabled to determine the geometric parameters of the channels between threads (height of the channel, channel spacing surface area, angle of channel deviation from the vertical position) and establish the relationship between these parameters. A coefficient of spacings of woven fabric surface was introduced, which is the ratio of the channel spacing surface area to the total surface area of the woven fabric. For a single channel and for the entire image of woven fabric seen an approximate volume of a single channel and channels of visual image was determined. The results of the research refer to the standard woven fabrics and woven fabrics with yarn of barrier effect against IR. The article is a summary of previous research in this field and suggests the possibility of more precise selection of important structural and geometrical factors, as well as those related to raw materials of woven fabrics, that affect the ability of IR absorption and thus the shaping of the properties of flat textile products, through a creation barriers for IR radiation. Many dependencies associated with a variety of material structure, i.e. its structure, construction, porosity, physical and mechanical parameters and complexity of shapes of the channels between threads makes it difficult to describe the phenomena arising as result of IR absorption by woven fabrics. At this stage, an attention was drawn to the dependence of the spatial structure of fabric, among others, the size of the channels between threads and raw material composition on the size of the transmission and IR reflection. There is a need to continue research channels between threads and the filamentary yarn and the development of the channel model between threads. There is also a need for more research on the selection of raw materials warehouse and dyes and chemical additives for flat textile products.

2

Analiza absorpcji promieniowania IR przez tkaniny w kontekście niektórych aspektów strukturalnych i surowcowych. Cz. II

Polipowski M., Pinar A.

Przegląd Włókienniczy - Włókno, Odzież, Skóra

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2016

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nr 8

26--30

EN

The studies on the IR absorption for woven fabrics show that the phenomenon of reflection and transmission of IR is influenced by, among others, the structure of thread channels resulting from the type of weave, sett of warp and weft and the structure of the yarn. Significant factors are also a raw material, surface weight and thickness of a woven fabric as well as its color and finish. Further research enabled to determine the geometric parameters of the channels between threads (height of the channel, channel spacing surface area, angle of channel deviation from the vertical position) and establish the relationship between these parameters. A coefficient of spacings of woven fabric surface was introduced, which is the ratio of the channel spacing surface area to the total surface area of the woven fabric. For a single channel and for the entire image of woven fabric seen an approximate volume of a single channel and channels of visual image was determined. The results of the research refer to the standard woven fabrics and woven fabrics with yarn of barrier effect against IR. The article is a summary of previous research in this field and suggests the possibility of more precise selection of important structural and geometrical factors, as well as those related to raw materials of woven fabrics, that affect the ability of IR absorption and thus the shaping of the properties of flat textile products, through a creation barriers for IR radiation. Many dependencies associated with a variety of material structure, i.e. its structure, construction, porosity, physical and mechanical parameters and complexity of shapes of the channels between threads makes it difficult to describe the phenomena arising as result of IR absorption by woven fabrics. At this stage, an attention was draw to the dependence of the spatial structure of fabric, among others, the size of the channles between threads and raw material composition on the size of the transmission and IR reflection. There is a need to continue research channels between threads and the filamentary yarn and the development of the channel model between threads. There is also a need for more research on the selection of raw materials warehouse and dyes and chemical additives for flat textile products.

3

Zgorzel słoneczna w bazaltoidach Śląska i jej wpływ na fizykomechaniczne właściwości skał

Zagożdżon P. P.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2008

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nr 429

225-228

PL

Zgorzel słoneczna (bazaltowa) to nietypowy rodzaj rozpadu bazaltoidów. Jej najbardziej charakterystycznymi symptomami są izometryczne, trójwymiarowe, jasne odbarwienia (tzw. plamki), pomiędzy którymi rozwija się sieć spękań niszczących spójność skały. Zgorzel, w odróżnieniu od wietrzenia, rozwija się od razu w całej objętości skały. Jest to zjawisko występujące powszechnie w bazaltoidach Dolnego Śląska i Opolszczyzny (stwierdzone w 63% wszystkich zbadanych stanowisk). Z rezultatami wpływu zgorzeli słonecznej często mylone są m.in. nierówne powierzchnie przełamu skał, tufy, brekcje lawowe, naloty mineralne. W literaturze zdecydowanie przeważają opinie o negatywnym wpływie zgorzeli słonecznej na fizykomechaniczne właściwości bazaltoidów. Badania autora wykazały, że wysokie wartości ścieralności i mrozoodporności kruszyw uzyskanych ze skał zgorzelowych kwalifikują je do pierwszej klasy kruszyw dla drogownictwa. Badania makroskopowe, mikroskopowe i rentgenostrukturalne potwierdziły hipotezę Ernsta i Drescher-Kadena, że zgorzel jest wynikiem późnomagmowej, synchronicznej, lecz nierównomiernej w przestrzeni krystalizacji nefelinu i analcymu. Stwierdzono, że obok zjawisk magmowych duże znaczenie w ujawnianiu się symptomów zgorzeli odgrywają czynniki atmosferyczne (wahania temperatury i wilgotności).

EN

Sunburn is an untypical sort of basaltic disintegration. Its most characteristic symptoms are isometric, three-dimensional fair discolorations (so-called "spots") and a system of cracks - formation of these disjunctions leads to breaking up of the rock. Sunburn, contrary to weathering processes, develops in the whole volume of the rock. It occurs widely in basalts of Lower Silesia and Opole Silesia (recorded at 63% of all sites investigated). This process is often confused with tuffs, lava breccias, mineral incrustations, uneven fracture of rocks or so-called pseudo-sunburn phenomenon. The opinions about the negative influence of sunburn on physical and mechanical parameters of basalt predominate in the literature. The author's own investigations proved the very high parameters of small-grained grits made of the sunburned basalts (abrasion-resistance and frost-resistance) suiting the class I grits according to the Polish Standard. Macroscopic, microscopic and diffraction analyses are in conformity with the opinion of Ernst and Drescher-Kaden, that sunburn as a result of late-magmatic synchronous but unequal crystallisation of analcite and nepheline. However the atmospheric factors (temperature and humidity fluctuations) are important in manifesting the sunburn symptoms.

4

Ocena możliwości utylizacji opakowaniowych folii kompozytowych polistyren-polietylen

Królikowski B., Chmielewicz M.

Chemik

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2007

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Vol. 60, nr 4

228-230

PL

Przedstawiono wpływ parametrów regranulowania odpadowej folii opakowaniowej PE/PS na parametry fizykochemiczne i na zmiany końcowe właściwości kompozytów z nich wykonanych. Uwzględniono takie parametry, jak wytrzymałość na rozciąganie, wydłużenie względne, moduł sprężystości wzdłużnej, udarność z karbem a przede wszystkim zmianę wartości współczynnika MFR.

EN

The influence of regranulation parameters of PE/PS packaging film wastes on physical-mechanical parameters and properties of composites made themof has been presented in this paper. The following parameters have been taken into consideration like tensile stress, elongation at yield, elasticity modulus, notched impact strength and MFR.