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Determinaton of Surface Water Quality in the Lumbardh Stream, Prizren, Kosovo: COVID-19 Lockdown Effects on Stream Water Quality

Gashı Sami, Cesko Cengiz, Koraqı Hyrije

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 6

89--98

EN

The COVID-19 pandemic has had enormous effects on human life and the environment globally. Despite the negative effects of the epidemic on human health, the pandemic has improved the quality of the environment, thus creating an opportunity to restore degraded ecosystems. This study presents the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the water quality and chemical properties of the Lumbardh Stream, which is a very important stream for the city of Prizren, Kosovo. Lumbardh Stream, where industrialization is high in Prizren and industrial wastes are dumped, flows into the White Drin river, which is important for river fishing and agricultural irrigation for both Kosovo and Albania. Therefore, water samples were taken every month in 2020–2021 from the riverbed in the Vlashnje region of Prizren. EC, pH, TDS and Tur were measured in situ in the water samples taken. Major ions, heavy metals, DO, BOD, COD, TSS and TOC amounts were analyzed in the laboratory. The results are evaluated according to “Quality criteria according to the classes of intracontinental surface water resources in terms of general chemical and physicochemical parameters”; It has been determined that the water source has Class I in terms of DO, EC and NO3 --N, Class II in terms of COD, Class III in terms of BOD, total P, PO4 3- and NH4 +-N. When comparing the pre-lockdown and lockdown period, DO and TOC level increased 1.1 and 1.1 times, BOD, COD and NH4 +-N decreased 1.2, 1.9 and 1.5 times at lockdown period, respectively. Comparing lockdown and no-lockdown period, DO and TOC increased 1.16 and 3.68 times, BOD, COD and NH4 +-N decreased 1.1, 3.5 and 1.6 times at lockdown period, respectively. The results obtained showed quality water improvement during the lockdown period. This study confirms that significant recovery of degraded aquatic ecosystems is possible by limiting human activities.

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Water Quality of Gatal Lake, Kotawaringin Lama, Central Kalimantan

Tyas Desi Susilaning, Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih, Jumari Jumari

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 3

99--110

EN

Gatal Lake is located in the Kotawaringin Lama District, West Kotawaringin Regency, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The government and the surrounding communities use Gatal Lake for recreation, irrigation, livestock, and fisheries. Geographically, Gatal Lake, is close to oil palm plantations and palm oil processing factories that contributed to water pollution, especially the pollutants originating from plantation activities in the form of largescale use of fertilizers and pesticides. This study aimed to determine the status of the water quality of Gatal Lake, Kotawaringin Lama based on the physicochemical parameters. The samples from five stations were analyzed based on the following parameters: temperature, TDS, TSS, pH, BOD, COD, DO, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, Pb, Cd, H2S, oil and grease, detergent, and phenol. The study was conducted using a purposive sampling method and determining the status of water quality based on Government Regulation No. 82/2001. The results of the physicochemical analysis of Gatal Lake showed that the water quality parameters which exceeded the water quality standards, are BOD (6.94 to 8.65 mg L), COD (9.58 to 15.7 mg/L), and DO (4.20 to 5.10 mg/L), while the parameters that did not exceed the water quality standards for Class I, II, III, and IV are temperature, TDS, TSS, pH, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, Pb, Cd, H2S, oils and fats, detergents and phenols. On the basis of the STORET method, the water quality of Gatal Lake for Class I, II, and III are included in the highly polluted category, and for Class IV is in the moderate category.

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Water Pollution Index of Batujai Reservoir, Central Lombok Regency-Indonesia

Rahim Abdul, Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 3

219--225

EN

Batujai reservoir is located in Central Lombok Regency, Indonesia. The government and local people use it for hydropower generation, drinking water, agricultural irrigation, fish farming, and tourism. The phenomenon of growing population and increasing industrial activities in the catchment area of Batujai reservoir always result in the discharge of various pollutants into the aquatic environment and cause the blooming of water hyacinth over almost 30% of the reservoir area. The aim of this study was to determine the water pollution index of Batujai reservoir. The samples were analysed for the following parameters: pH, temperature, DO, COD, BOD, TSS, and heavy metals. The research was done by using purposive sampling method and determination of water quality status with STORET method based on Government Regulation No. 82/2001. The measurement results show that the physical and chemical parameters of the Batujai reservoir water do not exceed the quality standard are the temperature (29 to 32°C); pH (6.6 to 7.5 mg/L); nitrate (0.421 to 0.546 mg/L); Cd (0.0005 to 0.005 mg/L); Cr (<0.001 to 0.018 mg/L); and the parameters that exceed quality standards are DO (3.8 to 4.9 mg/L); BOD (3.03 to 4.21 mg/L); COD (6.8 to 10.1 mg/L); phosphate (0.181 to 0.237 mg/L); and Pb (0.14 to 0.24 mg/L). The water quality status of Batujai reservoir was heavily polluted for standard quality on class I, II, III and moderately polluted for class IV.