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The potential of photogrammetric method of measurement dynamic displacements of flexible bridges

Wyczałek I., Wyczałek M.

Archiwum Instytutu Inżynierii Lądowej

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2017

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Nr 23

333--345

EN

Steel-ground structures are more susceptible than other bridges to the forces associated with their operation. Among the most difficult forces to measure and interpret are those which cause the occurrence of rapid movements. Electronic sensors are normally used for the evaluation of such movements, such as accelerators, distance meters, LVGT etc. Classical surveying methods make it possible to carry out precise displacement surveys using a "tracking" mode, several times per second, and these can therefore be used to study movements at a frequency of 1 Hz for a range of displacements of at least 1 mm. A higher frequency of registration, while simultaneously increasing the number of measured points, is possible using a photogrammetric method. In the classical sense, photogrammetry is a technique for determining specific geometric features based on measurements of points on images of an object and their mathematical processing. Currently, images are made using widely available high-resolution digital cameras, allowing images to be captured at the desired distance, with good image stabilization and short exposure time. In this paper, we present investigations using a method of measuring these rapid movements with one or more cameras and a variable number of lighting targets. This method includes the installation of lighting for the object, stabilization of the cameras, image capturing and automatic processing. Each measurement is performed using image-matching algorithms and refers to several (at least two) fixed points in the object space. This method was tested on following real objects: (1) a railway bridge during the passage of a number of trains at different speeds; and (2) a rotating footbridge. Objects were photographed using a PointGrey Black Fly camera from a distance of less than 50 m and with a frequency of 50 Hz. The results are presented in the form of two-dimensional displacement vectors of four points with a precision of ±0.5 mm. The course of the measurement and the evaluation of the results indicate the high potential of the method in studying the dynamics of flexible structures. In conclusion, it was stated that the described solution is a concept and is to serve as an inspiration for particular applications. It is now the subject of further development.

2

Ocena możliwości współczesnej fotogrametrii w pracach z zakresu ewidencji gruntów i budynków

Kurczyński Z., Bakuła K.

Przegląd Geodezyjny

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2016

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R. 88, nr 7

2--10

PL

Prezentowany artykuł przedstawia zakres możliwości i warunki konieczne przy wykorzystaniu metod współczesnej fotogrametrii cyfrowej w pracach z zakresu modernizacji ewidencji gruntów i budynków, a w tym w pomiarze granic działek ewidencyjnych i pomiarze budynków. W artykule pokazano możliwości stosowania i potencjał użycia fotogrametrii w pomiarach z zakresu modernizacji EGIB. W artykule omówiono unormowania prawne dopuszczające pomiary z wykorzystaniem technik i danych fotogrametrycznych do prac z zakresu EGIB, określono etapy modernizacji ewidencji gruntów i budynków z wykorzystaniem pomiarów fotogrametrycznych, jak również podsumowano dotychczasowe prace fotogrametryczne w kraju w tym zakresie. Artykuł pokazuje, iż współczesny poziom opracowań fotogrametrycznych, opartych na zdjęciach pozyskiwanych wielkoformatowymi, lotniczymi kamerami cyfrowymi, opracowywanych w technologiach cyfrowych, pozwala osiągnąć dokładności opracowania wymagane obecnymi standardami i przepisami w zakresie EGIB.

EN

This paper presents the range of possibilities and necessary conditions for using modern, digital photogrammetry in the work related to the update of the cadastre including modernization of parcels boundaries and buildings footprints. The article shows the applicability and potential of the use of photogrammetry measurements in the field of modernization data from real-estate and building register. The article discusses the legal regulations allowing measurements using both photogrammetric techniques and data to work with a range of cadastre data. The paper describes specified stages of the cadastre update in case of using photogrammetric measurements. Finally, current photogrammetric works in the country are presented in regard to the subject of the paper. The article shows that the contemporary level of photogrammetric studies based on large-format photographs, obtained with aerial digital cameras, developed in digital technologies, allow to achieve accuracy which is required by regulations related to cadastre data.

3

Status fotogrametrii w ustawie prawo geodezyjne i kartograficzne i przepisach powiązanych

Pyka K., Myszka P.

Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji

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2015

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Vol. 27

97--107

EN

The topic of the article is the analysis of regulations referring to photogrammetry, which have been in effect since the latest amendments in the Act Geodetic and Cartographic Law were introduced. Among many new rules, the four most important for regulations for photogrammetry were selected for the analysis. The largest part of analyses deals with so-called technical standards. This regulation introduces the term: geodetic photogrammetric measurement and places identical accuracy requirements as for field measurement. However, photogrammetric measurement, in this law is treated less thoroughly than other techniques. Often in this interpretation of the regulations there are different opinions between the ones who order the measurements and those who carry them out. The article shows which regulations are not satisfactorily clear and can be interpreted in different ways. Moreover, the article refers to unsatisfactory consistency between the analysed enactments. Finally, it was stated that the regulations, despite the indicated drawbacks, allow the application of photogrammetry in surveying and there is a prospect of granting photogrammetry the rank of the operation method, especially in large projects, e.g. the update of cadastral maps and land survey maps

PL

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza przepisów dotyczących fotogrametrii, jakie obowiązują po ostatnich zmianach w Prawie geodezyjnym i kartograficznym. Przeanalizowano cztery najważniejsze dla fotogrametrii spośród szeregu nowych przepisów, jakie powstały w ostatnich latach. Najwięcej miejsca poświęcono tzw. standardom technicznym. W artykule wskazano, które przepisy są niedostateczne jasne i mogą być różnie interpretowane. W konkluzji stwierdzono, że przepisy, pomimo usterek i niepełnej harmonizacji, umożliwiają stosowanie fotogrametrii w pracach geodezyjnych i rysuje się perspektywa nadania fotogrametrii rangi metody operacyjnej, zwłaszcza w dużych projektach.

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Application of the photogrammetric method in surveying of the palace and park complex building in Mściwojów, Poland

Litwin U., Piech I.

Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape

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2013

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no. 2

37--44

EN

Nowadays, the photogrammetric methods have become the most popular way of surveying and documenting historic objects. These tasks are very difficult, complex, laborious, and multi-detailed. Often they require hours of work and are sometimes barely visible for the average recipients. Precision, complexity and completeness are the main qualities of such elaborate works. Ground photogrammetry is based on performing many kinds of tasks and measurements executed on digital photogrammetric photographs. The most important kinds of such elaborations are the digital elaborations of the facades of buildings, allowing the photographs to be processed into a cartometric form. The elaborations have many applications. They can be used, among others things in planning, architecture, various project works, architectural object surveying and building and façade measurements.