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Removal of palladium(II) from aqueous chloride solutions with cyphos phosphonium ionic liquids as metal ion carriers for liquid-liquid extraction and transport across polymer inclusion membranes

Regel-Rosocka M., Rzelewska M., Baczynska M., Janus M., Wisniewski M.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2015

Vol. 51, iss. 2

621--631

This paper presents an application of three phosphonium ionic liquids for removal of Pd(II) ions from aqueous chloride solutions with liquid-liquid extraction and transport across polymer inclusion membranes (PIM). Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride and bromide (Cyphos IL 101 and 102) and bis-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate (Cyphos IL 104) were investigated as carriers of Pd(II) from aqueous chloride media. Extraction of Pd(II) with Cyphos IL 102 has not been previously described in the literature. Cyphos IL 102 used for the first time as metal ion carrier, efficiently extracts palladium(II) ions both with liquid-liquid extraction and PIM. NaCl concentration does not affect Pd(II) extraction with Cyphos IL 102, while increasing HCl content in the feed aqueous phase causes decrease in extraction efficiency. Stripping of Pd(II) with 0.5 M NH4OH is efficient (84 to 90%) and the organic phase after stripping could be reused for extraction. For PIM transport the highest values of the normalized initial flux are obtained for CTA membrane containing Cyphos IL 101 and a receiving phase: mixture 0.1 thiourea + 0.5 M HCl. It is indicated that initial flux does not determine the final result of the transport through the membranes because from the separation point of view, the most important is a complete transport of the solute to the receiving phase, described by the Pd(II) recovery factor.

Extraction of palladium (II) ions from chloride solutions with phosphonium ionic liquid CyphosŽIL101

Cieszyńska A., Regel-Rosocka M., Wiśniewski M.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

2007

Vol. 9, nr 2

99-101

The extraction of palladium(II) from hydrochloric acid solutions of various concentrations in the presence of different amounts of sodium chloride with phosphonium ionic liquid CyphosŽIL101 in toluene was investigated. The extraction of Pd(II) is very effective. The percentage extraction of Pd(II) from 0.1 mol dm-3 HCl solution amounts to 97% with CyphosŽIL101. Both the increase in HCl concentration and the presence of NaCl have a negative influence on the extraction. The extent of extraction from 0.1 mol dm-3 HCl solution in the presence of 0.5 mol dm-3 NaCl is about 80% and from 3 mol dm-3 HCl is lower and amounts to 56%. The extraction of Pd(II) from aqueous 0.1 mol dm-3 HCl and from 0.1 mol dm-3 HCl in the presence of 0.5 mol dm-3 NaCl with this phosphonium ionic liquid is rapid and the equilibrium is achieved after 1 - 2 minutes. The extraction of Pd(II) from aqueous 3 mol dm -3 HCl is slower and the equilibrium is achieved after 5 - 6 minutes.