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PL
Przedstawiono wyniki badań petrograficzno-surowcowych utworów krasowych stanowiących w złożu odpady górnicze. Ich skład mineralny i cechy technologiczne klasyfikują niektóre z nich jako ilaste surowce ceramiki budowlanej. Wykorzystanie warunkują parametry przeróbczo - ekonomiczne.
EN
The author presents the results of petrographic and technological investigations of karst sediments that are considered mining waste in the deposit. Their mineral composition and technological properties classify some of them as clay raw materials applicable in building ceramics. Their properties indicate a relatively simple processing and economically viable utilization.
EN
Sections of oil- and gas-bearing thick-beddcd sandstones from the eastern Central Carpathian Depressions were studied. They included sections of wells and exposures within the Silesian Nappe and internal synclinorium of the Skole Nappe. In the Cretaceous section of these units, thick-bedded sandstones occur (Upper and Lower Istebna, Lgota, Grodziszcze, and Spas Sandstones), having documented or potential oil- and gas-productivity. These sandstones are characterized by great variability of porosity and permeability. Undoubtedly, the variability was conditioned by various depositional environments and diagenesis degrees. With the aim of explaining the origin of the reservoir parameter variability and of the porous space in particular, petrographic investigations were undertaken, within the framework of the research project financed by the Scientific Research Committee. Microscopic examinations were done on thin sections selected so that their results might be compared (or even point-correlated) with results of laboratory examinations of samples taken from the same sandstone beds. Results of planimetrie, granulometric. textural, and mineralogical examinations were interpreted from the point of view of diagenetic changes in sediments and formation of their pore structure.
EN
The paper presents the results of petrographic investigations (included macro- and microscopic observations, X-ray and differential thermoanalyses) of the Upper Jurassic carbonate rocks from about 20 boreholes from the region on the east from Tarnów. The research shows that dolomitized carbonate rocks arc products of the dolomitization of fragmented earlier and partially redeposited limestone fragments. The effect of more intensive dolomitization of limestones is formation in some of levels porous structures, which allows to acknowledge them as reservoir levels for hydrocarbons.
EN
Standard lithological investigations of the seashore zone rubble comprise the following analyses: grain size distribution, mineral-petrographic composition, heavy minerals composition, morphometric and morphoscopic characteristics of the cobbles, and abrasion of the quartz grains in the sandy fraction. The rubble shows a marked similarity to the mineral-petrographic composition throughout the Polish Baltic seashore and qualitatively it is linked up with initial Pleistocene material. The morphometric features of the gravels undergo a very rapid transformation in relation to the Pleistocene deposits. The farther away from the place where the glacial deposits are washed out, the smaller the quantity of components of low wear resistance - the gravels become more oblate and smooth. The qualitative composition of the rubble's heavy minerals is linked up with the Pleistocene deposits. As a result of rapid differentiation in the seashore environment there are small rubble centres enriched in heavy minerals (mainly on the shore), mainly garnets, zircon, rutile, disthene, staurolite. The rubble that is not enriched in heavy minerals contain larger quantities of amphiboles, pyroxenes, especially biotite, chlorite and muscovite. In the Polish seashore zone the rubble's thickness ranges from a dozen to several dozen centimetres and it is represented by middle-sized and fine sands. The analysis of its lithodynamic features (based on grain size distribution) shows that it is very susceptible to outwashing. The rank erosion velocities are ca 0,1 - 0,3 m/s. This means that in the shallow subshore (0 - 7m under sea level) the sediment transport starts developing at state of the sea 1 - 30B, and in the deeper subshore (7 - 14m under sea level) at sea of 5 - 60B. Basing on the lithological investigations of the rubble, attempts were made to designate local and regional directions of its displacement. To this end the following were used: indices of grain size distribution (mainly Mz and 1), the compositionof heavy minerals (mainly the heavy mineral's mass in the rubble; content of components with densities over 3,4 g/cm3, 2,9 - 3,4 g/cm3). Also the analyses of petrographic and morphometric composition of the cobbles proved instrumental. The findings on a local scale seem unquestionable, yet on a regional scale they are controversial and susceptible of various interpretations.
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