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Evaluation of emission and reduction of greenhouse gases from upstream petrochemical industry in Thailand

Kanchanapiya P., Julapun N., Limphitakphong N., Pharino C., Chavanparit O.

Environment Protection Engineering

2015

Vol. 41, nr 2

31--46

The study aimed to determine the baseline and indicators for the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) and to evaluate the effectiveness of GHG mitigation measures in Thai upstream petrochemical plants. During 2005–2010, the upstream production had an annual demand for energy in the range of 110 000–150 000 TJ, ca. 5–6% of the total Thailand energy consumption. The proportion of energy consumption for producing olefin and aromatic products is 73 and 14%, respectively. The amount of GHG emissions equalled approximately 7–9 Mt CO2 eq. This represents a 3% portion of the total GHG emissions of Thailand, separating into the olefin and aromatic products, around 69 and 18%, respectively. The ratios of GHG emission came from fuel combustion of 59%, steam consumption (28%), electricity consumption (10%) and flare (3%). The carbon intensity of upstream products in the olefins and aromatics’ groups had the range of 1.125–1.309 and 0.518–0.667 t CO2 eq/t, respectively. It was likely that the carbon intensity during the period of 2005–2010 was lowered as the industry sector took measures to improve energy conservation and developed their production processes. The GHG mitigation measures by energy conservation were already implemented including fuel saving (67%), steam saving (23%) and electricity saving (10%).

Evaluation of the effect of proecological investments in petrochemical plant in Płock on heavy metal content in soils and agricultural products in the vicinity area

Karaczun Z., Obidoska G., Indeka L.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

2008

Vol. 15, nr 9

927-932

The aim of research was to evaluate the effectiveness of proecological investments in the Płock refinery. In 2006 heavy metal content in soils in the vicinity of the plant, and in consumption yields (wheat grain and potato tubers) were investigated and compared with the results obtained in 1987-1988. Current soil phytotoxicity was also studied. The average content (for five sampling points at 1-18 km distances from the refinery) of analyzed metals in soils and plants decreased in 2006 in comparison with 1987-1988, however the phytotoxic effect of soil samples collected at 1-18 km distances in 2006 was noted.

Badano efektywność działań proekologicznych podjętych przez petrochemię w Płocku. W 2006 r. zbadano zawartość metali ciężkich w glebach w sąsiedztwie zakładów i produktach rolnych (ziarno pszenicy i bulwy ziemniaka) i porównano z wynikami otrzymanymi w latach 1987-1988. Gleby badano także pod kątem ich fitotoksyczności. Średnia zawartość analizowanych metali (dla 5 punktów badawczych oddalonych 1-18 km od petrochemii)w glebach i częściach roślin spadła w roku 2006 w porównaniu do lat 1987-1988, jednakże w 2006 r. zanotowano fitotoksyczny efekt gleb zebranych 1-18 km od petrochemii.