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Determining the Efficiency of Reverse Osmosis in the Purification of Water from Phosphates

Gomelya Mykola, Shabliy Tetyana, Radovenchyk Iaroslav, Vakulenko Anna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 2

238--246

EN

Processes of water purification from phosphates using a low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane were studied. It was shown that the concentration of phosphates in the permeate largely depends on their initial concentration in the water and increases along with the degree of permeate selection. It was established that when using the Filmtec TW3–1812–50 membrane for phosphate concentrations up to 20 mg/dm3, their concentration in the permeate does not exceed 2.5 mg/dm3 with a degree of permeate selection up to 90% when cleaning solutions in distilled and artesian water. This value is below the permissible level for drinking water. When the concentration of phosphates increases to 100 and 1000 mg/dm3, their content in the permeate increases sharply to the values significantly higher than the permissible level in both drinking and wastewater. When sodium orthophosphate was added to artesian water, the effectiveness of its purification on this membrane with respect to chlorides, sulfates, hardness ions, and hydrocarbons was high. This indicates that the cartridges with these membranes can be used both in industrial installations and in households for further purification of artesian and tap water to drinking water quality.

2

Efficiency of Reverse Osmosis and Ion Exchange in Water Purification from Nitrates

Gomelya Mykola, Shabliy Tetyana, Makarenko Iryna, Vakulenko Anna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 10

172--180

EN

The process of extracting nitrates from water by the methods of reverse osmosis and ion exchange was investigated in the paper. In the formation of reverse osmosis, low-pressure membranes were used, and in ion-exchange processes, highly alkaline anionite AB–17–8 was applied in salt form. The dynamics of changes in the concentration of nitrates in the permeate and the concentration with an increase in the degree of permeate selection from 9 to 90% at initial nitrate concentrations of 18, 50 and 100 mg/dm3 were determined. The indicators of selectivity and productivity of membranes were calculated depending on the degree of permeate selection. It was shown that the low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane is characterized by low selectivity values at high productivity values in the selected part of the nitrate concentration. It was established that the ion exchange method is significantly more effective than reverse osmosis in removing nitrates from water. It ensures the reduction of nitrate content in purified water to a value of less than 1 mg/dm3 when the degree of their extraction is reached at the level of 99%. As the ionite is saturated with nitrates, the efficiency of their extraction decreases. Anionite sorbs nitrates effectively enough, being both in the chloride mixture and in the sulfate form. Nitrates are effectively desorbed by 2H solutions of sodium chloride and sodium or ammonium sulfate.

3

Development of Resource-Saving Technologies in the Use of Sedimentation Inhibitors for Reverse Osmosis Installations

Trus Inna, Gomelya Mukola, Skiba Margarita, Pylypenko Tetiana, Krysenko Tamara

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 1

206--215

EN

The processes of desalination of weakly mineralized waters using a reverse osmosis membrane were studied. The operational efficiency of membranes is limited mainly by membrane contamination. It was shown that the preliminary mechanical water purification helps to increase the productivity and selectivity of the membrane. One of the main causes of membrane contamination is the formation of carbonate deposits on their surface. One way to prevent membrane contamination is to dose antiscalants. It was established that the use of hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (HPAN) and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAA) as a stabilizer of scale formation is effective for concentrates of reverse osmosis desalination of water.

4

Innovative Approach in Creation of Integrated Technology of Desalination of Mineralized Water

Trus Inna, Radovenchyk Iaroslav, Halysh Vita, Skiba Margarita, Vasylenko Inna, Vorobyova Viсtoria, Hlushko Olena, Sirenko Ludmila

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 8

107--113

EN

In this study, the optimum parameters of membrane desalinization of model solutions were determined and the required efficiency was achieved. Methods for stabilizing treatment of water before barometric desalination were developed to improve the efficiency of membranes. Methods of reagent processing of concentrates after barometric water were proposed to create a low-waste technologies for demineralization of water. It was shown that the precipitate can be used as an additive for cements and a sulfate activator for slag-portland cement.