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1 2020

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Różne oblicza wodnej fazy ruchomej w chromatografii cieczowej

Dembek Mikołaj, Bocian Szymon

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2020

[Z] 74, 1-2

89--106

Nowadays analytical chemistry, and especially chromatographic techniques, are becoming more and more popular, for example in the pharmaceutical industry [1]. Due to the increasing number of analyses, the amount of chromatographic waste is also increasing. They are harmful and toxic both to the environment and to humans. Therefore, there is a need to search for new solutions, apparatus and materials to achieve the so-called "green chromatography" [1]. Such a goal can be achieved by various methods. The most popular are miniaturization of analyses to reduce the amount of waste, reduction of analysis time, replacement of solvents with biodegradable ones, or application of aquatic conditions of analysis [2]. The following paper deals with the issue of using only water as a mobile phase for analysis in liquid chromatography. This mainly involves the use of appropriate conditions, materials and equipment. A change in the conditions of the analysis affects, first of all, the changes in the properties of water which is a mobile phase. When the temperature increases dielectric constant, viscosity and polarity of the water decreases. Optimizing these properties can allow successful separation using only water as a mobile phase [3, 4]. The following article also deals with the issue of the relatively new PALC [5] (per aqueous liquid chromatography) technique (see Fig. 3) and the analysis with the use of pure water as an eluent at room temperature, thanks to the use of polar-embedded and polar-endcapped stationary phases [6]. The latter technique is the most desirable, because it does not require the application of unusual conditions of chromatographic analysis, and at the same time fits perfectly into the assumptions of "green chromatography". The promising results of these techniques give a forward-looking view of liquid chromatography as an environmentally friendly technique.