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1

Reliability and validity of a novel Isokinetic Knee Dynamometer System

Riemann Bryan M., Watson Matthew D., Davies George J.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2021

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Vol. 23, no. 4

107--116

EN

Purpose: The aim of this work was to determine the intersession reliability and validity of a recently developed prototype Isokinetic Knee Dynamometer to assess isokinetic knee extension and flexion peak moments compared to a Biodex System 4 dynamometer. Methods: Thirty--five healthy participants performed two sessions (48-h separation) of bilateral concentric isokinetic knee extension and flexion on both isokinetic devices at 60 °/s (6 repetitions), 180 °/s (10 repetitions) and 240 °/s (15 repetitions). Dynamometer and limb order were randomized among participants while peak moment of each set was used for data analysis. Results: The Isokinetic Knee Dynamometer had excellent relative reliability, comparable to the System 4, and both systems displayed acceptable absolute reliability. Proportional biases were observed favoring the System 4 during knee extension of both limbs at 60 °/s and the dominant limb at 180 °/s, and fixed biases favoring the Isokinetic Knee Dynamometer in seven conditions. Relative agreement between systems was good across all test conditions with the majority demonstrating excellent agreement. Conclusions: These data support the Isokinetic Knee Dynamometer as a reliable and valid knee isokinetic testing system. Due to its reduced system complexity, space requirements, and production cost, the Isokinetic Knee Dynamometer may increase the clinical utilization of isokinetic knee assessments. Finally, these data fill an existing isokinetics literature void with the results supporting similar and acceptable measurement properties jointly for dominant and non-dominant limbs and at the higher testing velocities considered.

2

Leg strength and power in Polish striker soccer players

Buśko K., Górski M., Nikolaidis P. T., Mazur-Różycka J., Łach P., Staniak Z., Gajewski J.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2018

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Vol. 20, no. 2

109--116

EN

The main goal of the present study was to examine muscle strength and power of dominant and non-dominant leg, knee extensors and flexors, and their correlations with jumping performances in soccer players. A secondary aim was to evaluate muscle sense. Methods: 31 male professional strikers (age 20.9 ± 2.3 years, body mass 75.1 ± 6.6 kg, body height 179.5 ± 4.7 cm) participated in the study. The power output of lower extremities and the height of rise of the body mass centre during vertical jumps were measured using a force plate. The maximum muscle torque of the flexors and extensors of the knee were measured under isometric conditions using a special isometric torquemeter. Force sense was measured in isometric conditions in two tests: (a) fifty percent of the maximal voluntary contraction was set as a value of target force and the participants were instructed to reproduce the target force, (b) the participants attempted to develop a torque reproducing a sine course within the range of 10 to 50% of MVC performed. Results: A direct relationship was observed between the peak muscle torque in knee extensors developed during isokinetic contraction at all velocities and power and height of three types of vertical jumps ( p < 0.05). No correlation was observed between jumping performance and muscle torque under isometric condition. No differences were found in strength and jumping abilities as well as in force sense between dominant and non-dominant legs. Conclusions: This study offered a comprehensive and complete evaluation of leg muscle strength, sense and power, with the use of using force plate and isokinetic dynamometry.

3

The influence of exercises under isokinetic conditions on heart rate in males aged between 40 and 51

Czamara A., Krzemińska A., Szuba Ł.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2011

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Vol. 13, no. 3

95-104

EN

The aim of the study was to estimate changes in heart rate (HR) values in response to the exercise under isokinetic conditions, with defined protocol using three different angular velocities and 2 minute break. The subjects were divided into two groups. The first group contained 18 males aged between 40 and 50, and the second group contained 20 males who were 20–30 years old. The heart rate was monitored before, during and after the strength moment measurement under isokinetic conditions of extensors and flexors of knee joint. The strength moment was measured with an angular velocity of 180 °/s, 120°/s and 60 °/s. The number of repetitions of extension and flexion of the knee joint was 10 for the angular velocity of 180 °/s, 8 for the angular velocity of 120 °/s and 5 for the angular velocity of 60 °/s. The break between each series of repetitions took 2 minutes. The peak torques for extensors and flexors of both lower extremities were measured. The peak torque and heart rate values increased with a decrease in the preset angular velocity and were lower in the second group. The results were within the norm accepted for submaximal heart rate index in both age groups.

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Czynność mięśni tułowia u dziewcząt z bocznym idiopatycznym skrzywieniem kręgosłupa I

Stefańska M., Skrzek A., Anwajler J., Malicka I., Zawadzka D., Dziubek-Rogowska W.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

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2008

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Vol. 14, nr 2

116-119

PL

Cel pracy: Analiza parametrów siłowo-prędkościowych mięśni tułowia u dziewcząt z bocznym idiopatycznym skrzywieniem kręgosłupa F, usprawnianych dwiema metodami. Pierwszą z nich były zabiegi kinezyterapeutyczne prowadzone na sali gimnastycznej w ośrodku rehabilitacyjnym, drugą — ambulatoryjny proces korekcyjny w postaci ćwiczeń w wodzie na krytej pływalni. Materiał i metoda: W badaniach uczestniczyło 31 dziewcząt w wieku 10-14 lat, z bocznym idiopatycznym skrzywieniem kręgosłupa F. Spośród uczestników badań wyodrębniono dwie grupy badawcze. Pierwszą stanowiły dzieci usprawniane zabiegami kinezyterapeutycznymi podczas pobytu w Specjalistycznym Rehabilitacyjno-Ortopedycznym ZOZ we Wrocławiu przy ul. Poświęckiej, drugą — dzieci uczestniczące w ambulatoryjnym procesie korekcyjnym w postaci ćwiczeń w wodzie, prowadzonych na krytej pływalni AWF we Wrocławiu. U wszystkich uczestników badań dokonano oceny parametrów prędkościowo-siłowych mięśni zginaczy i prostowników kręgosłupa w warunkach izokinetycznych przy prędkości 60% i 1207s. Przy każdym z obciążeń badany wykonywał 5 naprzemiennych ruchów zginania i prostowania kręgosłupa w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej. Przy każdym pomiarze obowiązywał imperatyw wyzwolenia maksymalnej siły w jak najkrótszym czasie. Wyniki: W badaniach wykazano, że wartości szczytowego momentu siły, siły względnej, całkowitej pracy i średniej mocy mięśni zginaczy i prostowników kręgosłupa są w większości wyższe u dziewcząt usprawnianych podczas pobytu w ośrodku rehabilitacyjnym. Natomiast u dzieci uczestniczących w zajęciach na pływalni zaobserwowano korzystniejszy stosunek siły mięśni zginaczy kręgosłupa do prostowników. Wnioski: Wzbogacenie tradycyjnych modeli usprawniania o zajęcia prowadzone w środowisku wodnym spotęguje niewątpliwie efektywność działań korekcyjnych, a także pozwoli na poszerzenie programu usprawniania o zajęcia ogólnorozwojowe, umożliwiające lepszą kontrolę bilansu siły mięśniowej grup przeciwdziałających.

EN

Purpose: The muscular forcevelocity parameters in girls with idiopathic scoliosis F subjected to two methods of rehabilitation were evaluated. The first method — kinesitherapy procedures were carried out in a gym room of rehabilitation centre. The second one — the corrective process was performed in a swimming pool. Basic procedures: 31 girls with idiopathic scoliosis F, aged 10-14, were involved in the research project. The subjects were divided into two groups that performed exercises in a gym room and in a swimming-pool. Assessment of F-v parameters of trunk flexors and extensors in isokinetic conditions (in 607s and 1207s loads) were conducted. Each subject had to perform 5 times flexion and extension movements in the trunk in the sagittal plane. It was necessary for the subject to develop the peak torque within the shortest possible time, for each movement. Main findings: The research showed that children rehabilitated in the gym room achieved the higher values of peak torque, total work and average power in comparison with another group of children. However, better ratio of force flexion and extension muscles was observed in a group of children performing exercises in water. Conclusions: Adjunctive methods of rehabilitation — water exercises, as well as kinesitherapy will surely improve the effectiveness of the corrective processes and allow to broaden the rehabilitation programme by general fitness exercises that lead to better control of antagonist muscles' force ratio.