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1

Characterization of Propagation Models in Wireless Communications for 4G Network

Al-Aamri Nawal, Nadir Zia, Al-Lawati Hassan, Suwailam Mohammed Bait

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2022

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Vol. 68, No. 1

137--143

EN

Estimating the pathloss and signal strength of the transmitted signal at specific distances is one of the main objectives of network designers. This paper aims to provide generalized pathloss models appropriate for urban areas in Muscat the capital city of the Sultanate of Oman environment. The research includes studying different models of pathloss for the 4G cellular network at Muttrah Business District (MBD) at Muscat. Different models (Free Space model, Okumura Hata, Extended Sakagami, Cost231 Hata, ECC-33 Hata – Okumura extended, Ericsson, Egli, and SUI) are used with 800MHz. The results of the prediction models are compared with real measured data by calculating RMSE. The generalized models are created by modified original models to get accepted RMSE values. Different cells at MBD are tested by modified models. The RMSE values are then calculated for verification purposes. To validate the modified pathloss models of 4G, they are also applied at different cells in a different city in the capital. It has approximately the same environment as MBD. The modified pathloss models provided accepted predictions in new locations.

2

Tłumienia łącza kierunkowego w zakresie fal milimetrowych na bazie modyfikacji modelu empirycznego

Pawlak Dawid, Kelner Jan M.

Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej

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2022

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Vol. 71, nr 3

69--92

PL

Systemy telefonii komórkowej piątej i następnych generacji będą wykorzystywały nie tylko zakresy częstotliwości poniżej 6 GHz, lecz także pasma w zakresie fal milimetrowych oraz terahercowych. Z praktycznego punktu widzenia podejście to wymaga stosowania anten kierunkowych lub systemów z formowaniem wiązki. w celu zapewnienia większej efektywności energetycznej łącza bezprzewodowego istotne jest, aby wiązki radiowe po stronie nadawczej i odbiorczej były współosiowe. Modele tłumienia są powszechnie wykorzystywane przy projektowaniu systemów i sieci łączności radiowej. należy jednak podkreślić, że w literaturze nie ma dostępnych odpowiednich metod modelowania tłumienia dla przypadków braku współosiowości wiązek antenowych. w artykule zaproponowano sposób modyfikacji modelu tłumienia bazujący na wieloeliptycznym modelu propagacyjnym. w tym celu opracowano specjalne oprogramowanie w środowisku MATLAB, które posłużyło do przeprowadzenia badań symulacyjnych. w dalszej części przedstawiono przykładowe wyniki adaptacji empirycznych modeli tłumienia w zakresie fal milimetrowych, które otrzymano, wykorzystując opracowany program.

EN

The upcoming fifth and next generation mobile phone systems will use not only the frequency bands of sub-6 GHz but also the millimeter-wave and terahertz bands. From a practical viewpoint, this approach requires the use of directional antennas or beamforming systems. To ensure greater energy efficiency of the wireless link, the radio beams on the transmitting and receiving sides should be aligned ones. Path loss models are commonly used for designing the radio communication systems and networks. However, in the literature, there are no adequate methods of attenuation modelling available for the cases of misalignment of antenna beams. in this paper, a method of modifying the path loss model, based on a multi-elliptical propagation model, is proposed. For this purpose, dedicated software was developed in the MATLAB environment, which was used to conduct simulation tests. In the remainder of the paper, exemplary results of the adaptation of empirical path loss models in the range of millimeter-waves are presented, which were obtained using the developed program.

3

A Statistical Calibration Method of Propagation Prediction Model Based on Measurement Results

Kelner Jan M., Kryk Michał, Łopatka Jerzy, Gajewski Piotr

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

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2020

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Vol. 66, No. 1

11--16

EN

Radio environment maps (REMs) are beginning to be an integral part of modern mobile radiocommunication systems and networks, especially for ad-hoc, cognitive, and dynamic spectrum access networks. The REMs will use emerging military systems of tactical communications. The REM is a kind of database used at the stage of planning and management of the radio resources and networks, which considers the geographical features of an area, environmental propagation properties, as well as the parameters of radio network elements and available services. At the REM, for spatial management of network nodes, various methods of propagation modeling for determining the attenuation and capacity of wireless links and radio ranges are used. One method of propagation prediction is based on a numerical solution of the wave equation in a parabolic form, which allows considering, i.a., atmospheric refraction, terrain shape, and soil electrical parameters. However, the determination of a current altitudinal profile of atmospheric refraction may be a problem. If the propagation-prediction model uses a fixed refraction profile, then the calibration of this model based on empirical measurements is required. We propose a methodology for calibrating the analyzed model based on an example empirical research scenario. The paper presents descriptions of the propagation model, test-bed and scenario used in measurements, and obtained signal attenuation results, which are used for the initial calibration of the model.