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Improved corrosion resistance in biomaterial applications of AISI 316L alloy

Maged Saja A. Abdul, Hadi Rusul Salah

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

2025

Vol. 19, no. 9

254--265

This paper addresses the corrosion performance of AISI 316L stainless steel, an important biomaterial, in simulated physiological environments and aggressive media. Rectangular samples (1 cm × 1 cm, 1 mm thickness) were prepared from 316L alloy and electrochemical tests were performed in a 3 electrode cell at 37 ◦C ± 0.4 ◦C. Potentiodynamic polarization curves were recorded after 2 hours of immersion in Ringer's solution and other media with an overvoltage range of [ -400 mV, +400 mV] versus Ag/AgCl. The polarization resistance in Ringer's solution was 2.1 kΩ·cm2 (±0.18) with corrosion current density of 0.23 µA/cm2, which was better than NaCl and HNO3 solutions. The carbonate ions in Ringer's inhibited the pitting corrosion pathway while low carbon content in the alloy prevented the formation of carbides at grain boundaries inhibiting intergranular corrosion. These results demonstrate that the homogeneity of the alloy and stability of the passive film are both essential to corrosion resistance and influenced by other factors such as chemical composition, structure, and environmental condition. These findings provide evidence for AISI 316L stainless steel as appropriate biomedical material where long-term corrosion resistance is an important design factor.