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EN
Planning the frequency of rail services is closely related to forecasting the number of passengers and is part of the comprehensive analysis of railway systems. Most of the research presented in the literature focuses only on selected areas of this system (e.g. urban agglomerations, urban underground transport, transfer nodes), without presenting a comprehensive evaluation that would provide full knowledge and diagnostics of this mode of transport (i.e. railway transport). Therefore, this article presents methods for modelling passenger flow in rail traffic at a national level (using the example of Poland). Time series models were used to forecast the number of passengers in rail transport. The error, trend, and seasonality (ETS) exponential smoothing model and the model belonging to the ARMA class were used. An adequate model was selected, allowing future values to be forecast. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model follows the tested series better than the ETS model and is characterised by the lowest values of forecast errors in relation to the test set. The forecast based on the ARIMA model is characterised by a better detection of the trends and seasonality of the series. The results of the present study are considered to form the basis for solving potential rail traffic problems, which depend on the volume of passenger traffic, at the central level. The methods presented can also be implemented in other systems with similar characteristics, which affects the usability of the presented solutions.
EN
A joint optimization model of maintenance and operation of high-speed train fleets is established with the optimization objective of minimizing the total costs, considering dynamic passenger flow and maintenance resources. A new maintenance strategy CCPM (Coordinating Conflicts Preventive Maintenance) is proposed to optimize the problem. The effectiveness of the model and the strategy are verified by numerical examples. The comparison between the strategy in the paper and the existing approach proves that the new strategy is more effective and shows the importance of considering dynamic passenger flow. The model and the strategy provide decision support for the actual high-speed trains operation and maintenance program. This study also offers new ideas to the subsequent research on preventive maintenance of high-speed trains.
EN
Marine passenger ports are integrated into the transport systems of cities and regions today. If there are sufficient developed mathematical forecasting models in the class of polynomial models, probability series, and a number of others, then the models describing the influence of the external environment on ferry market are not sufficient. The developed scheme of interaction between the participants of the cruise market and the mathematical model of the port as a technical system is presented in this research. The article substantiates new purposes to use the logistic function to assess the external environment. A mathematical model and the derivation of the new basic equation of the logistic function for ferry market are given. Analytical data were collected on the ports and terminals of the Adriatic Sea and the Baltic Sea, and data were selected of ship calls at the passenger port St. Petersburg “Marine Facade” (2019-2020). The article proposes the consideration of new various proportionality factors that will determine the demand for cruise transportation modeling in the short-term forecasting interval. A complete mathematical model is given taking into account the real schedule of the sea passenger port. The logistic function proposed in the article allows us to solve the forecasting problem in a new way in relation to the selection and evaluation of a cruise product. Moreover, it allows us to solve a group of economic problems related to promotion problem for particular cruise product on the market, allows us to evaluate the activity of passengers when they are choosing a cruise product, and allows us to make adjustments to the planned port working schedules and to make timely adjustments. The main advantage of the proposed model is an analytical assessment of the effect of the external environment, both on passenger ports and on ferry and cruise companies.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono analizę potoków pasażerskich komunikacji miejskiej na trasie Szczecin–Police. Celem analizy było uzasadnienie wznowienia kolejowych połączeń pasażerskich na tej trasie. Ze względu na liczbę wykonanych pomiarów badania mają charakter poglądowy.
EN
The article presents an analysis of public transport passenger flows on Szczecin–Police route. The purpose of the analysis was to justify the resumption of rail passenger services on the Szczecin–Police route. Due to the number of results taken, the research are of an overview character.
Logistyka
|
2014
|
nr 6
14337--14346, CD 6
PL
W pracy omówiono proces planowania strategicznego w komunikacji miejskiej. Przedstawiono w kolejności i pokrótce scharakteryzowano poszczególne etapy procesu tj. projektowanie globalnej sieci, planowanie linii komunikacyjnych i rozkładów jazdy. Przytoczono zasadnicze pozycje światowej literatury odnoszące się do procesu. Niezbędne dane do procesu planowania stanowią wyniki pomiarów potoków pasażerskich i ankietyzacji, przedstawiane w postaci więźby ruchu i macierzy migracji. W skrócie przedstawiono również modelowanie miejskiej sieci komunikacyjnej z wykorzystaniem teorii grafów. W pracy zaprezentowano modele matematyczne optymalizacji, funkcje celu, zmienne decyzyjne i ograniczenia, zastosowane w algorytmach komputerowego wspomagania procesu planowania. Funkcja celu na każdym etapie uwzględnia kompromis pomiędzy komfortem pasażerów i kosztem organizacji transportu. Przedstawiono przykłady i wnioski pod kątem wykorzystania w praktycznych implementacjach.
EN
In the paper the process of strategic planning in city transit has been described. Specific stages of the process, that is global network design, line planning and timetabling have been presented in turn and characterized. The worldwide basic references concerning the process have been denoted. Necessary data to planning process are taken from passenger flow measurements and questionnaires, presented in a form of passenger journey chart and migration matrix. Modeling of city transit network with the use of graph theory has been also briefly presented. Mathematical models of optimization, objective functions, decision variables and constrains applied in the algorithms of computer aided planning process have been described in the paper. The objective function at each stage of the process takes into account the compromise between the passenger comfort and the operational cost of transport. The examples and conclusions regarding practical implementations have been presented.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano przykład wykorzystania modelu logitowego do określenia prawdopodobieństwa korzystania z planowanego do uruchomienia kolejowego połączenia Kraków Główny - Międzynarodowy Port Lotniczy w Balicach. Przykład poprzedzają rozważania teoretyczne dotyczące szacowania parametrów modelu i badania jego jakości.
EN
The case of logit model application for estimation a probability of usage the planned rail junction from Kraków Główny to International Airport Balice has been presented in the paper. The theoretical considerations on model parameters estimation and research of its quality have been also included.
PL
Nierównomierność czasowa przewozów w poszczególnych godzinach doby i dniach tygodnia. Typowe wartości nierównomierności czasowej charakterystyczne dla 14 małych, średnich i dużych miast w ostatnich 10 latach.
EN
Time irregularity of passengers' flows in running hours of day and days of week. Typical values of time irregularity characteristic for 14 small, medium and big towns in last 10 years.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia opis procesu badawczego i głównych wniosków z badań potoków podróżnych połączeń kolejowych w województwie podlaskim. Zbierany materiał źródłowy dał możliwość budowy obrazu komunikacji kolejowej w regionie, a także oceny roli społecznej i gospodarczej, jaką ona pełni. Stworzona dzięki nim baza danych stała się opisem wykorzystania transportu kolejowego w regionie. Badania pokazały przykłady zbyt wolnego procesu dostosowywania oferty do zachowań komunikacyjnych i potwierdziła zasadę, według której w komunikacji publicznej dotychczasowa doktryna pojemności musi zostać zastąpiona przez elastyczność.
EN
This document focus on description of the research process and main findings from research connected with railway connection in the Podlasie region Collected writing material allowed to creating outline of railway service in this region and also its assessment as a solution to the economic and social problem. Database created by this material, become the description of using railway transport in this region. The research showed any examples to slow process of adaptation offer in relation to communicational behaviour, and to confirm principle, that in public communication so far existing capacity doctrine must be replace by flexibility.
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