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Filozofia przyrody w roku 1000

Witczak J.

Postępy Fizyki

2001

T. 52, z. 4

177-184

In this article the history of natural sciences is presented as a part of natural philosophy from its very beginning to the year 1000 A.D. There are three ancient Greek philosophical traditions: Platonian, Aristotelian and Archimedean, and it is the third one which gave rise to science. The encounter of that tradition with the early Christianity is then analysed as well as its role in the period of decline of the Roman Empire and in the early Middle Ages. Finally, the restoration of the European natural sciences in the tenth century driven by contacts with Arabic philosophers and scientists is shown. A symbol of that new beginning is the mathematician and astronomer Gerbert from Aurillac, who later became pope of the year 1000 - Sylvester II.