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Palaeotemperature estimation in the Holsteinian Interglacial (MIS 11) based on oxygen isotopes of aquatic gastropods from eastern Poland

Szymanek M.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2017

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Vol. 67, no. 4

585--605

EN

For quantitative estimation of past water temperature of four Holsteinian (MIS 11) palaeolakes from eastern Poland, the oxygen isotope palaeothermometer was applied to shells of the aquatic gastropods Viviparus diluVianus and Valvata piscinalis. The δ18O composition of their shells demonstrated the average growth-season water temperatures during the mesocratic stage of the interglacial (Ortel Królewski Lake), during its climatic optimum – the Carpinus–Abies Zone (Ossówka-Hrud, Roskosz and Szymanowo Lakes), and in the post-optimum (Szymanowo Lake). The calculation was based on δ18O Shell values and the δ18O Water assumed for the Holsteinian from the modern oxygen isotope composition of precipitation and the expected amount of evaporative enrichment. The mean oxygen isotope palaeotemperatures of Ortel Królewski lake waters were in the range of 18.1–21.9°C and were uniform for the Taxus and Pinus–Larix zones. Ossówka-Hrud and Roskosz Lakes had mean temperatures of 17.4–21.0°C during the climatic optimum, whereas the temperature of Szymanowo lake waters was estimated at 20.6–21.7°C at that time. These values are concordant with the pollen-inferred July air temperatures noted during the Holsteinian in eastern Poland. Relatively high values of ~25°C in the post-optimum noted at Szymanowo were connected with the presence of a shallow and warm isolated bay indicated by pollen and mollusc records.

2

Minerały ilaste w piaskowcach karbonu z południowo-wschodniej części basenu lubelskiego jako wskaźniki paleotemperatur diagenezy

Kozłowska A.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2011

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nr 444

99--111

PL

Minerały ilaste należą do głównych składników spoiwa piaskowców karbonu w basenie lubelskim. Wśród nich wyróżniono minerały allogeniczne wchodzące w skład matriksu oraz minerały autigeniczne tworzące cementy. W pracy wykorzystano następujące metody badawcze: mikroskop polaryzacyjny, katodoluminescencję, skaningowy mikroskop elektronowy, analizę rentgenograficzną, badania spektroskopowe w podczerwieni oraz oznaczenia izotopowe wieku K/Ar diagenetycznego illitu. Głównymi autigenicznymi minerałami ilastymi w piaskowcach karbonu są minerały podgrupy kaolinitu – robakowaty kaolinit oraz blokowe: kaolinit i dickit. W mniejszej ilości występują: illit włóknisty, chloryty oraz minerał mieszanopakietowy illit/smektyt. W eodiagenezie krystalizowały kaolinit robakowaty i chloryty w obwódkach. W mezodiagenezie w temperaturze powyżej 50°C tworzyły się blokowy kaolinit i dickit, minerał mieszanopakietowy illit/smektyt oraz illit włóknisty. Transformacja kaolinitu w dickit wskazuje na temperaturę około 120°C. Oznaczenie wieku K-Ar krystalizacji diagenetycznego illitu – około 260 mln lat – sugeruje, że osady karbonu osiągnęły maksymalne temperatury około 160°C we wczesnym permie.

EN

Clay minerals are the main components of the Carboniferous sandstones cement in the Lublin Basin. The allogenic minerals included in the matrix and authigenic minerals forming cements were distinguished among clay minerals. The following research methods were used in the paper: polarizing microscope, cathodoluminescence, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction analyses, infrared studies and isotopic age K-Ar of diagenetic illite. The main authigenic clay minerals in the Carboniferous sandstones are kaolinite subgroup minerals – vermiform kaolinite and blocky kaolinite and dickite. In a smaller amounts are: fibrous illite, chlorites and illite/smectite mixed-layered mineral. Vermiform kaolinite and chlorite rims were crystallized in eodiagenesis. Blocky kaolinite and dickite, illite/smectite mixed-layered minerals and fibrous illite were formed above 50°C in mezodiagenesis. The transformation of kaolinite to dickite indicates the temperature at about 120°C. Determination of the K-Ar age of crystallization of the diagenetic illite – about 260 My ago suggests that the Carboniferous deposits have reached the maximum temperature of about 160°C in the Early Permian.

3

Palynomorph assemblages from the Upper Ordovician in northern and central

Stempień-Sałek M.

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2011

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Vol. 81, No 1

21-61

EN

Palynological studies have been done to compare the Upper Ordovician strata in various geological units of northern and central Poland (epi-Caledonian Platform, East European Platform, Małopolska Block and Holy Cross Mountains–Łysogóry Fold Zone and Kielce Fold Zone). Two distinct palynological assemblages have been distinguished in the studied material: the Caradoc assemblage I and the Ashgill assemblage II (with two sub-assemblages IIa and IIb), thus demonstrating usefulness of the Upper Ordovician palynomorphs for biostrati- graphy. Thermal maturity of organic matter was studied using the TAI method. The palynological analysis, palynostratigraphy, and estimates of thermal maturity were done with the aim at palynological characterization of three ancient units: the Avalonia, Baltica and the Małopolska Block, all now participating in structures of the present-day geological units of northern and central Poland.

4

Deformation mechanisms of cataclastic rocks from fault zones in the Magura nappe in the Beskid Wyspowy Mountains (Poland)

Konon A.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2000

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Vol. 50, no. 3

387-392

EN

Analyses of intact orientated samples of incompetent fault rocks from thrusts within the Magura nappe in the Beskid Wyspowy Mountains indicate an arrangement of clay mineral plates parllel to numerous shears present in the rocks. Reconstruction of the development of the shears suggests several phases of formation. Maximum palaeotemperatures in the range 80-160 stopni C were reconstructed from the fault zones