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Mollusc faunas of lake deposits in Gorzów Wielkopolski (NW Poland) as an indicator of environmental changes during Eemian and Early Weichselian

Alexandrowicz Witold Paweł, Skoczylas Sylwia, Sobczyk Artur, Stefaniak Krzysztof, Kotowski Adam, Przybylski Bogusław, Ciszek Dariusz, Badura Janusz, Urbański Krzysztof

Geological Quarterly

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2021

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Vol. 65, No. 3

art. no. 36

EN

During the construction of the S-3 road near Gorzów Wielkopolski, a sedimentary succession of the Eemian Interglacial and the older part of the Weichselian Glaciation were exposed. The succession, ~22 m thick, consists of lacustrine and fluvioglacial deposits. Lake sediments, mainly calcareous gyttja with peat intercalations, represent the infills of two palaeolakes. The almost complete skeleton of a forest rhinoceros, Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis, and a bone of the fallow deer Dama dama were found in the older lake deposits. Mollusc shells were numerous in both lake sequences, analysis of which revealed two types of assemblage, representing the coastal, littoral zone of a shallow lake with a muddy bottom. The sequence of mollusc communities observed in vertical succession allowed reconstruction of environmental changes during deposition. Several hydrological changes have been recognized within the palaeolake, especially water level fluctuations probably due to climate change.

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Architektura i geneza iłów w górnym poziomie węgli brunatnych formacji poznańskiej (środkowy miocen) : Odkrywka Tomisławice k. Konina w środkowej Polsce

Chomiak Lilianna, Urbański Paweł, Widera Marek

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2020

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Vol. 68, nr 6

526--534

EN

In the Tomisławice opencast mine, owned by the Konin Lignite Mine, a relatively widespread (>1.5 km2) and thick (up to 80 cm) layer of clay occurs within the first mid-Polish lignite seam. These fine-grained sediments are interpreted as deposited in a long-lasting lake that existed in the mid-Miocene backswamp area. Due to the exploitation of this seam forelectricity production, interbeddings of clastic sediments significantly reduce the quality of lignite. Currently, lignite is mined together with the clays in the Tomisławice opencast mine. Such procedure in extreme cases, where the maximum. thickness of the clay layer is up to 80cm, increases/may increase the ash content of the entire lignite seam almost twice. Therefore, selective lignite mining would be recommended, i.e. without clays, which unfortunately is not practiced due to technological and financial reasons.

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Glacial Terminations II and I as recorded in NE Iceland

Vliet-Lanoë Brigitte, Guðmundsson Agust, Guillou Hervé, Guégan Soléne, Loon A. J. (Tom), Vleeschouwer François

Geologos

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2010

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Vol. 16, No. 4

201--222

EN

Volcanism in eastern Iceland has controlled the changes in glacier- and river-drainage patterns and the sedimentary budget, particularly during the Middle and Late Pleistocene. The glacial extent in NE Iceland appears to be related to the impact of volcanic activity, not only on the ice-stream dynamics, but also on the sedimentary successions. Analysis of the Jökuldalur and Jökulsa á Brù records results in a new interpretation of the changes in ice extent and flow direction for at least the last two glaciations. From MIS 8 onward, the development of the Snæfell volcano apparently forced the ice stream that derived from the Vatnajökull ice cap to take another course; it also affected the offshore sedimentary budgets at the new outlet at Vopnafjördur. The MIS 6 ice sheet was thick and extensive, and associated with an ice-stream diversion to the North. The thick sedimentary complex of palaeolake Halslón was formed close to an outlet of the Vatnajökull, the Brùarjökull, during Termination II and a part of the MIS 5e interglacial. The deposits formed during MIS 5e record two climate optima interrupted by two successive glacial advances correlated with the mid-Eemian cooling. The deposits of the Weichselian deglaciation (Termination I) are much more limited in thickness. During the Last Glacial Maximum and the Late Glacial, glaciers also seem to have been restricted in the Jökulsa á Brù area. Valley glaciers issued from the Brùarjökull re-advanced several times in the Jökuldalur only during at least the Older Dryas, the Younger Dryas and the Preboreal. NE Iceland has undergone considerable deglaciation since the Bølling. In contrast to the conclusions of previous studies, the results presented here are consistent with data on the glaciations in other Nordic regions and can increase the understanding of the mid-Eemian cooling.

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Geneza misy jeziornej i warunki środowiskowe akumulacji limniczno-bagiennej w interglacjale mazowieckim w rowie Kleszczowa (środkowa Polska)

Balwierz Z., Goździk J., Marciniak B.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

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2008

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nr 428

3-21

PL

W długiej sekwencji zdarzeń plejstoceńskich zapisanych w osadach rowu Kleszczowa ważne ogniwo stanowią utwory jeziorne interglacjału mazowieckiego. Utwory tego wieku stwierdzono w stanowisku Folwark 93K. W rejonie Folwarku osady jeziorne występowały w nieckowatym obniżeniu, utworzonym przez lądolód w stropie gliny moreny dennej. Bezpośrednio na glinie spoczywały piaski z okresu deglacjacji. Po ich akumulacji na początku interglacjału rozpoczęła się sedymentacja jeziorna. Zapisany w osadach ciąg zdarzeń wskazuje, że interglacjał mazowiecki poprzedzony był zlodowaceniem środkowej Polski. Przeczy to poglądowi, że ten okres ciepły od poprzedniego interglacjału oddzielał okres zimny z panującymi wyłącznie warunkami peryglacjalnymi. Osady organiczne wypełniające zagłębienie w stanowisku Folwark 93K zostały opracowane metodą analizy pyłkowej i okrzemkowej. Wyniki obu analiz wskazują, że akumulacja osadów zachodziła w interglacjale mazowieckim. Na podstawie zmian składu gatunkowego i relatywnej frekwencji (udziału procentowego) okrzemek, w badanych osadach wyróżniono siedem lokalnych poziomów okrzemkowych. Poziomy te reprezentują sukcesję okrzemek, na podstawie której scharakteryzowano cztery główne stadia rozwoju kopalnego jeziora w Folwarku, w nawiązaniu do wyników badań palinologicznych opisanych w sześciu lokalnych poziomach pyłkowych interglacjału mazowieckiego. Stadia rozwoju jeziora w stanowisku Folwark 93K porównano ze stadiami rozwoju równowiekowego jeziora w Adamówce (Kotlina Sandomierska) oraz wykazano ich podobieństwo do rozwoju jezior interglacjału lichwińskiego w Rosji oraz interglacjału aleksandryjskiego na Białorusi.

EN

In the long sequence of Pleistocene events recorded in the Kleszczów Graben deposits, lacustrine sediments of the Mazovian Interglacial constitute an important member. Mazovian deposits were encountered in the Folwark 93K site. In the Folwark area, lacustrine sediments occurred in a syncline formed by an ice-sheet in a basal moraine till. The till was overlain by a sand layer deposited during a deglaciation period. Later, lacustrine accumulation was initiated at the beginning of the interglacial. The sequence of events recorded in the deposits indicates that the area of Central Poland already was glaciated before the Mazovian Interglacial. This conclusion contradicts the opinion that the warm period was separated from the previous interglacial by a cool period with an exclusively periglacial environment. Organic deposits, infilling the depression at the Folwark 93K site, were investigated by a pollen and diatom analysis. The results of the both the analyses indicate that accumulation of these deposits took place during the Mazovian Interglacial. According to changes in diatom composition and relative diatom frequency (percentage contribution of diatoms), seven local diatom assemblage zones were distinguished. These zones represent the diatom succession being the basis for characterisation of four main evolutionary phases of the ancient lake at Folwark, supported by the results of palynological investigations. The evolutionary phases of the Folwark lake were compared with development phases of the Adamówka lake (Sandomierz Basin), which is of the same age. The study also proved similarities in the development of these lakes to the lakes of the Likhvinian Interglacial in Russia and Alexandrian Interglacial in Belarus.