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Oznaczanie tlenu : od metody Winklera do czujników enzymatycznych

Dramińska S., Biernat J. F., Bilewicz R.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2015

[Z] 69, 9-10

751--766

Monitoring of dioxygen levels is of utmost importance from the view-point of life processes, medical diagnostics, nutrition and chemical industries. In all these measurements both low and high levels of this element are important. The common methods for the determination of dioxygen are the Winkler method, Clark electrode and pulsoxymeters. A new, already strong field of research can be now recognized – the development of miniaturized biosensors of dioxygen, characterized by short response time, selectivity and utility in continuous monitoring of dioxygen. This trend can be seen in all fields where analytical methods are applied. The aim is to construct simple and, therefore, low cost devices and a good example of such device is the enzymatic biocathode sensitive towards dioxygen. The main issue in the construction of such electrodes is how to immobilize a redox enzyme on the conductive support in a way allowing to retain its full activity and to provide efficient transfer of charge between the electrode and the active centres of the enzymes. The difficulty in achieving suitable electrical contact can be solved by applying suitable carbon nanomaterials, increasing the working surface of the electrode and providing access to the active centres of the enzyme molecules.