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1
Content available remote Pierwsze krajowe zastosowanie nawierzchni betonowej na obiektach mostowych
Siwowski Tomasz, Szydło Antoni, Rajchel Mateusz
Materiały Budowlane
|
2022
|
nr 4
70--73
PL
Coraz więcej dróg w Polsce ma nawierzchnię betonową, natomiast na mostach położonych w ciągu tych dróg nadal jest układana nawierzchnia bitumiczna ze względu na brak krajowych technologii. Powoduje to określone komplikacje technologiczne i eksploatacyjne. W artykule przedstawiono przegląd nawierzchni betonowych, stosowanych na mostach drogowych na świecie. Na tym tle opisano pierwsze krajowe zastosowanie nawierzchni betonowej wykonanej na kilku obiektach mostowych w ciągu drogi ekspresowej S-7.
EN
More and more roads in Poland have a concrete pavement. However, due to the lack of national technologies, bituminous pavement is still being laid on the bridges located along these roads. This causes certain technological and operational complications. The article presents an overview of concrete pavements used on road bridges around the world. Against this background, the first domestic application of concrete pavement, made on several bridge structures along the S-7 expressway, was described.
2
Content available Polskie tunele drogowe: przegląd konstrukcji i technologii budowy
Siwowski Tomasz
Drogownictwo
|
2022
|
nr 7-8
204--212
PL
Artykuł zawiera przegląd tuneli drogowych wybudowanych w Polsce od 2003 r. i planowanych do budowy do końca 2026 r. Łączna długość objętych przeglądem polskich tuneli drogowych wynosi ok. 30 km, z czego tylko 20% jest już w eksploatacji, 34% w budowie i aż 46% jest dopiero w planach. Zakres przeglądu ograniczono do technologii wykonania tuneli i związanych z nimi rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych. Przegląd obejmuje krótką charakterystykę 20 polskich tuneli drogowych oraz opis stosowanych w Polsce technologii budowy tuneli.
EN
The article provides an overview of road tunnels built in Poland since 2003 and planned for construction by the end of 2026. The total length of the Polish road tunnels covered by the review is about 30 km, of which only 20% is already in operation, 34% is under construction and as much as 46% is only planned. The scope of the review was limited to tunnel technology and related design solutions. The review includes a brief description of 20 Polish road tunnels and a description of the tunnel construction technologies used in Poland.
3
Content available Wykorzystanie energii geotermalnej w Polsce w latach 2019–2021
Kępińska Beata
Przegląd Geologiczny
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2021
|
Vol. 69, nr 9
559--565
EN
The article presents an overview of the geothermal energy applications in Poland from 2019 to May 2021. It covers district heating, balneotherapy, recreation, as well as other single uses and heat pumps (shallow geothermal). In those years, many projects were implemented, especially drillings, aimed at recognition and accessing geothermal resources, primarily for space heating (in individual cases for cogeneration). The implemented investment projects, research and development works, and other activities and initiatives are indicated. The development of geothermal energy in Poland is compared with the progress in other European countries (based on most recent data for 2020, announced in June 2021). The share of geothermal energy in the group of renewable energy sources in Poland is presented. The role of public support programs, which have substantially Stimulated the development of this field in recent years, is shown, and strategic documents, which should favour its wider use as a low-emission local energy source, are mentioned.
4
Content available Underground mine gas explosion accidents and prevention techniques – an overview
Song Wanting, Cheng Jianwei, Wang Wenhe, Qin Yi, Wang Zui, Borowski Marek, Wang Yue, Tukkaraja Purushotham
Archives of Mining Sciences
|
2021
|
Vol. 66, no. 2
297--312
EN
Mine gas explosions present a serious safety threat in the worldwide coal mining industry. It has been considered the No.1 killer for underground coal mining workers. The formation of an explosive atmosphere involves various factors. Due to complicated stratified geology and the coal production process, geological conditions and coal production process reasons and particular working sections underground present a high risk of an explosion that would most likely cause casualties and property loss. In this study, the basic conditions, propagation law and hazards analysis of gas explosions are reviewed, followed by a review of the typical locations where an explosion would occur. Finally, current technologies used in the mining industry for preventing gas explosions and suppressing the associated dangers were studied. Preventive gas explosion technologies mainly include gas drainage, gas accumulation prevention and gas and fire source monitoring technologies. The technologies often used to control or mitigate gas explosion hazards are usually divided into active and passive, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed and compared. This paper aims to summarise the latest technologies for controlling and suppressing gas explosion and guides mining engineers to design risk mitigation strategies.
5
Szerokopasmowe systemy komunikacyjne na morzu - scenariusze użycia i przykładowe instalacje
Woźniak J., Gierłowski K., Hoeft M., Lewczuk M.
Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
|
2018
|
nr 8-9
545--557
PL
Dokonano przeglądu technik dostępowych i systemów komunikacji morskiej wykorzystywanych aktualnie lub planowanych do użycia, zarówno do łączności między statkami, jak i statkami i lądem, w celu wspierania określonych usług, często ukierunkowanych na poprawę bezpieczeństwa na morzu oraz e-nawigację. Przegląd obejmuje zarówno rozwiązania naziemne, jak i przykładowe rozwiązania satelitarne. W pierwszej grupie systemów zaprezentowano zarówno proste instalacje portowe z transmisją jednoetapową, jak i znacznie bardziej złożone rozwiązania wieloskokowe, wykorzystujące topologie kratowe. Wskazano podstawowe cechy funkcjonalne takich systemów, także ich mocne strony oraz ograniczenia.
EN
The paper presents an overview of popular technologies and systems currently developed or employed in maritime communication. These solutions are used to provide both ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore communication for the purpose of supporting specific services, often dedicated to maritime safety and e-navigation. The overview includes both terrestrial and example satellite solutions. In the first group of systems both simple single hop harbour installations as well much more complex multihop solutions, involving mesh topologies are considered. Functional features of such communication systems together with their advantages and limitations are also presented.
6
Content available Dom wewnątrz pokoju
Fabbro A.
Pretekst
|
2017
|
Nr 7
15--19
PL
Wybrano dwa przykłady, które można uznać za znaczące, w których zagadnienie domu było i jest protagonistą w budowie XX-wiecznego miasta. Petite Maison Le Corbusiera, najskromniejszy z jego domów, lecz najbardziej podziwiany i najmocniej przez niego przeprojektowywany, oraz dom w parku Ignazio Gardelli, który był i nadal jest traktowany przez wielu twórców jako ważne odniesienie w kształtowaniu miejskiej architektury. Są to moim zdaniem przykłady ubogie w spójności, w porównaniu z mnogością estetyczną konstrukcji tych ostatnich kilku dekad. Ale to właśnie współczesne warunki powinny nas doprowadzić do zobaczenia, począwszy od prac takich jak te, możliwości badawczych dla innego projektu i podejścia o innej wrażliwości, które mogą sprostać współczesnej rzeczywistości.
EN
I show only two relevant examples I hope will be meaningful, in which the theme of the residence was and is protagonist in the building of the twentieth century city. Le Corbusier’s Petite Maison, the most modest of its houses, but I think the most loved and the most redesigned by the author, and Gardella’s House in the Park, which has been and still for many of us is a valid reference in building urban architecture, are two examples I would say almost poor in their consistency, if compared to the plethora of aesthetic construction of these last few decades. But it is the contemporary condition that should lead us to see, starting from works like these, the research opportunities for a different project and a different sensitivity approach, that can deal with the contemporary reality of the places.
7
Content available remote Przegląd katastrof budowlanych w Polsce i na świecie spowodowanych wybuchem gazu
Szer J., Jagielski P.
Materiały Budowlane
|
2016
|
nr 8
150--152
PL
Katastrofy budowlane spowodowane wybuchem gazu stanowią niewielką część wszystkich tego typu zdarzeń, ale są niejednokrotnie tragiczne w skutkach. Świadczyć o tym może liczba osób poszkodowanych w wyniku katastrof „gazowych”, która np. w Polsce wg danych z ostatnich 20 lat stanowi aż 39% spośród wszystkich rannych oraz 14% spośród wszystkich osób, które poniosły śmierć. Są to zdarzenia, których często można byłoby uniknąć, stąd zrozumiałe jest ogromne zainteresowanie, m.in. społeczeństwa i środowiska budowlanego, skutkami i możliwymi sposobami zapobiegania katastrofom „gazowym”. Problematykę tę przedstawiono, posługując się wybranymi przykładami katastrof budowlanych spowodowanych wybuchami gazu na świecie.
EN
Construction disasters caused by gas explosion represent aminority of all construction disasters, but their effects are frequently tragic. The evidence is the number of gas explosion disasters victims, which account in Poland during the last 20 years 39% of all wounded and 14% of all deaths as a result of construction disasters in general. However, these events can often be avoided. For this reason there is huge interest of society and construction community in the effects and possible ways of preventing such “gas” disasters. Issues indicated above are presented using selected examples of construction disasters caused by gas explosions which occurred around the world.
8
Content available An overview of municipal solid waste management in Poland. The current situation, problems and challenges
Alwaeli M.
Environment Protection Engineering
|
2015
|
Vol. 41, nr 4
181--193
EN
An overview of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in Poland has been presented. The processes of waste generation and composition have been described and a comprehensive review of MSWM in Poland has been provided, covering some of the important aspects of waste management, such as the current status of waste collection, transport and disposal in Poland. An additional aim of the present work was to identify the potential barriers and the factors affecting waste management as well as provide recommendations for system improvement in Poland and other similar developing countries. An analysis shows that the state of municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Poland is not yet as developed as in many other EU countries. Landfilling is still the predominant method used for the disposal of MSW. Composting and incineration are also used but refer only to a small percentage of the total. According to the latest data (31st December 2014), around 84% of MSW was collected and transported and that ca. 53% was disposed of in landfill, ca. 7% was incinerated at waste-to-energy plants, ca. 11% was treated at organic waste recovery plants and 23% was delivered to sorting. The average generation rate of MSW was 293 kg/capita/year. Generally, recycling in Poland is on the increase, especially concerning easily collectable and recyclable materials such as paper, plastics, glass and metals. Around 37% of MSW collected selectively is recycled.
9
Content available remote Incremental rule-based learners for handling concept drift: an overview
Deckert M
Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences
|
2013
|
Vol. 38, No. 1
35--65
EN
Learning from non-stationary environments is a very popular research topic. There already exist algorithms that deal with the concept drift problem. Among them there are online or incremental learners, which process data instance by instance. Their knowledge representation can take different forms such as decision rules, which have not received enough attention in learning with concept drift. This paper reviews incremental rule-based learners designed for changing environments. It describes four of the proposed algorithms: FLORA, AQ11-PM+WAH, FACIL and VFDR. Those four solutions can be compared on several criteria, like: type of processed data, adjustment to changes, type of the maintained memory, knowledge representation, and others.
10
Content available remote Oversegmentation methods for character segmentation in off-line cursive handwritten word recognition : an overview
Brodowska M.
Schedae Informaticae
|
2011
|
Vol. 20
43-65
EN
Character segmentation (i.e. splitting the images of handwritten words into pieces corresponding to single letters) is one of the required steps in numerous off-line cursive handwritten word recognition solutions. It is also a very important step, because improperly extracted characters are usually impossible to recognize correctly with currently used methods. The most common method of character segmentation is initial oversegmentation - finding some set of potential splitting points in the graphical representation of the word and then attempting to eliminate the improper ones. This paper con- tains a list of popular approaches for generating potential splitting points and methods of verifying their correctness.
11
Content available remote Fusion Technology of Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems: a Chronicled Progression from the Laboratory to Our Daily Lives
Takagi H.
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
|
2000
|
Vol. 10, no 4
647-673
EN
We chronicle the research on the fusion technology of neural networks and fuzzy systems (NN+FS), the models that have been proposed from this research, and the commercial products and industrial systems that have adopted these models. First, we review the NN+FS research activity during the early stages of their development in Japan, the US, and Europe. Next, following the classifi- cation of NN+FS models, we show the ease of fusing these technologies based on the similarities of the data flow network structures and the non-linearity realization strategies of NNs and FSs. Then, we describe several models and applications of NN+FS. Finally, we introduce some important and recently developed NN+FS patents.
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