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Economic Manufacturing Quantity Model with Machine Failure, Overtime and Rework/Disposal of Nonconforming Items

Chiu Singa Wang, Chiu Tiffany, Chiu Yuan-Shyi Peter, Lin Hong-Dar

Management and Production Engineering Review

2021

Vol. 12, No. 1

3--16

To increase their competitive advantage in turbulent marketplaces, contemporary manufacturers must show determination in seeking ways to: fulfill buyer orders with quality merchandise; meet deadlines; handle unexpected production disruptions; and lower the total relevant expense. To tackle the abovementioned challenges, this study explores an economic manufacturing quantity (EMQ) model with machine failure, overtime, and rework/disposal of nonconforming items; the goal is to find the best fabrication uptime that minimizes total relevant expenses. Specifically, we consider a production unit with overtime capacity as an operational feature that is linked to higher unit and setup costs. Further, its EMQ-based process is subject to random nonconforming items and failure rates. Extra screening separates the reworkable nonconforming items from scrap, and the rework is executed at the end of each cycle of regular fabrication. The failures follow a Poisson distribution, and a machine repair task starts as soon as a failure occurs; the fabrication of the lot that was interrupted resumes after the repair has been carried out. A decision model is built to capture the characteristics of the problem. Mathematical and optimization processes help in determining the optimal fabrication uptime. A numerical example not only illustrates the applicability of the research outcomes, but also reveals a diverse set of information about the individual or joint influences of deviations in mean-time-to-failure, overtime factors, and rework/disposal ratios linked to nonconforming rates related to the optimal replenishment uptime, total operating expenses, and various cost contributors; this facilitates better decision making.

Supporting factors and factory employee’s behaviour in the use of public transportation mode in Jakarta

Herdiansyah Herdis, Edyson Hudy Prabowo, Mangkara Sessario Bayu, Hindami Zulfahmi Ilman

Transport Problems

2019

T. 14, z. 1

127--139

The tendency for people in Jakarta to use public transportation is still relatively low. A study from Jabodetabek Transportation Management Agency shows that only 24 percent of road users chose public land transportation modes (Transjakarta bus and train) from a total of 47.5 million trips in Jabodetabek by 2015. Public transportation trips in Jabodetabek are all people's journeys or the journey to employee work destination located in buffer towns around Jakarta. Employees are among the elements of society that use public transportation. The economic conditions of factory employees that encourage them to work overtime cause differences in attitudes between factory employees and office employees toward using public transportation modes. This study aims to determine the factors that encourage factory employees to choose the mode of transportation to the workplace and analyze their attitude toward using public transportation mode. The results show that the number of factory employees who prefer public transportation mode is still little. However, their potential to move into public transportation is substantial due to the belief in the commitment of the Jakarta government to fixing the public transportation system. Most factory employees also agree that public transport can reduce congestion in Jakarta. There is a need to apply a strategy of the transit development (TOD) to reach public places and places of work.

Job Strain, Overtime, Life Style, and Cardiovascular Risk in Managers and Physical Workers

Bugajska J., Jędryka-Góral A., Widerszal-Bazyl M., Orłowska-Baranowska E., Sagan A., Michalak J. M., Zużewicz K., Konarska M.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

2011

Vol. 17, No. 1

25--32

The purpose of the study was to determine the relation between overtime, job strain and life style, and cardiovascular risk (CVR) in 97 managers and 98 physical workers. CVR was measured with the Framingham method. Information about job strain, overtime, life style and extra-occupational activities was obtained with a self-administered questionnaire. The results showed that both groups had a similar, medium-level job stress. Being a manager and having extra-occupational activities (self-education) were significantly related with CVR (p = .000, p = .035, respectively), whereas other factors that were analysed (i.e., physical work and overtime) were not. The managers were older than the physical workers; that may be why the factor of being a manager was significantly related to CVR. The extra-occupational activities connected with improving workersʼ skills may play an important role in the development of workersʼ overload and an increase in CVR.