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Właściwości dynamiczne i struktura kompozytów polipropylenu z włóknem szklanym

Sobczak R., Nitkiewicz Z., Koszkul J.

Kompozyty

2004

R. 4, nr 12

369-373

Przeanalizowano wpływ zawartości włókna szklanego na dynamiczne właściwości mechaniczne kompozytów na osnowie polipropylenu. Badaniom poddano kompozyty o zawartości 30 i 50% włókna szklanego. W celach porównawczych badano też dynamiczne właściwości mechaniczne osnowy kompozytu oraz określono wpływ wygrzewania na te właściwości. Przedstawiono również wyniki badań strukturalnych wykonanych z wykorzystaniem mikroskopii optycznej oraz skaningowej.

The effect of glass fibre content on dynamical properties of polypropylene composites has been examined. Within the confines of the work the annealing influence on the properties has also been determined. Polypropylene and its composites filled with 30 and 50% of glass fibre have been tested. The investigation of dynamical properties of composites matrix has been made in order to compare. Figure 1 shows the storage modulus (E') and loss modulus coefficient (tg[delta]) measured by DMA at 10 and 20 Hz as a function of temperature for composites: PP+30% glass fibre (Fig. 1a) and PP+50% glass fibre (Fig. 1b). The glass transition the most evident for polypropylene. In case of polypropylene composites range of glass transition is less evident, in particular for composite polypropylene with 30 and 50% glass fibre content. It was found, that increase in of glass fibre content in the composites decrease value of tg[delta]. The influence of heat-treatment (soaking) shows the bigger values of the storage modulus E'. Optical microphotographs of thin polypropylene and composite specimens (-10 [micro]m) were taken by using a Polam - 113 polaryzing light microscope. In the composites (Fig. 3), the PP spherulites are not well defined and their size decreases which could be attributed to restictions created by the glass fibres on the development of a spherulitic structure. SEM microphotographs of different magnifications are shown in Figure 4: the composites PP+50% GF (Fig. 4a) and PP+50% GF after soaking (Fig. 4a). Spherulit structure occurs in polypropylene as well as in its composites. SEM microphotographs provide evidence of good filler dispersion in the matrix, effective wetting of fibres by the matrix and strong mterfacial adhesion between the components.