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The influence of the de-icing salt on the deterioration of rock materials used in monumental buildings

Kłopotowska A. K., Łukaszewski P.

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

2013

Vol. 35, nr 3

57--68

The de-icing salt has been used for decades to increase safety on the roads and sidewalks. In Poland, mainly the sodium chloride is used in order to maintain the roads in good condition during winter. Like other salts used for surface de-icing, it depresses the freezing point to lower temperatures and has an additional thermal effect by an exothermic reaction. However, this salt causes the accumulation of chlorides in the walls and stone buildings contributing to the deterioration of these facilities. The paper addresses the issue of the influence of salt solutions on the structure and geomechanical properties of rocks at negative temperatures. The study was conducted on the basis of cyclic tests which simulate complex action of both the negative temperature and the salty environment. The conditions for the tests were chosen so as to reflect the actual conditions of the winter in Poland. During the tests, the longitudinal wave propagation velocity, changes in weights of the samples as well as visual changes were recorded which allowed continuous tracking of occurring changes. At the end of the tests, the rock samples were subjected to uniaxial compressive tests. For this purpose, four lithological types were chosen, representing the sedimentary rocks: clastic and carbonate, widely used in stone constructions.

Corrosion and saline deposition protection of gas and oil field equipment with the use of combined corrosion and saline deposition inhibitors and multifunctional inhibitors

Psiuk M.

Wiertnictwo, Nafta, Gaz

2010

T. 27, z. 1--2

349-354

This paper describes problems of inhibitor corrosion protection in oil and gas fields, main reasons of saline deposition in the processes of oil and gas production and technology of combined using of corrosion and saline deposition inhibitors (technology of using of inhibitors of multifunctional action) for protection of gas and oil field equipment against corrosion and saline deposition. In the paper on the basis of the results of laboratory researches has been showen high efficiency of multifunctional inhibitor "Korazol" and of the mixture of inhibitors KTI-C and TAL-3. The proposed technology consists of preparation of the solution of inhibitor of certain concentration and pumping of the prepared solution into the producing well (to annular space of the well).

W artykule opisano problemy związane z ochroną przeciwkorozyjną i przeciw osadzaniu się soli w warunkach produkcji ropy naftowej i gazu ziemnego za pomocą połączonego zastosowania inhibitorów korozji i osadzania (technologia wykorzystywania inhibitorów wielofunkcyjnych) do ochrony sprzętu stosowanego do produkcji ropy naftowej i gazu ziemnego przed korozją i osadzaniem się soli. Na podstawie wyników badań laboratoryjnych pokazano dużą skuteczność inhibitora wielofunkcyjnego "Korazol" oraz połączenia inhibitorów KTI-C oraz TAH-3. Zastosowana technologia polega na przygotowaniu roztworu inhibitora o określonym stężeniu i zatłoczeniu go do przestrzeni pierścieniowej otworu produkcyjnego.