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Physiological perspective of starch as a carbon source in two varieties of Carya illinoinensis Koch in Northern Mexico

Briceño-Contreras Edwin Amir, Valenzuela-Núñez Luis Manuel, Martínez-Sifuentes Aldo Rafael, García-De-La-Peña Cristina, Hernández-Herrera José Antonio

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2023

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Vol. 30, nr 3

443--452

EN

The study took as a purpose to determine the Total Carbon (TC) content in the biomass, the Starch Carbon fraction (SC) and its annual dynamics in the biomass of perennial organs (stem and root) in adult trees of two of walnut tree (Carya illinoinensis). Four adult Western and Wichita tree stem and root samples were carried out monthly for a whole year. The TC was determined with an elemental analyser and the SC has gotten based on the molecular mass of the glucose (0.40 gC/gGlucose). t-Student test was performed between varieties per organ for the comparison of TC and SC through the program SPSS 15.0 with a significance of p ≤ 0.05. The results in Western variety were 160.02 kg TC and 4.90 kg SC to 7.54 kg SC in the stem; 64.58 kg TC and 1.74 kg SC to 3.09 kg SC in the root; in Wichita variety were presented 119.72 kg TC and 4.49 kg SC to 6.83 kg SC in the stem; 45.72 kg TC and 1.35 kg SC to 2.75 kg SC in the root. The root was the organ where the greatest amount of SC was stored in relation to the stem, due this latter constitutes a transport organ. Temperature has a marked inversely proportional influence on the accumulation of SC in both varieties. Global solar radiation and solar radiation proportionally influence the accumulation of SC.

2

Impact of the temperature of waste biomass pyrolysis on the quality of the obtained biochar

Marczak M., Karczewski M., Makowska D., Burmistrz P.

Agricultural Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 20, No. 3

115--124

EN

Combustion and co-combustion of biomass from different sources is one of the most popular technologies applied in Poland. It allows management of numerous industrial, communal and agricultural waste. Organic waste constitutes one of the richest sources of cheap biomass solid fuels since they are very popular. The paper includes an assessment of practical use of biomass waste: hazelnut shell and pistachio nut shell. The impact of pyrolysis temperature (300, 450 and 550°C) of the investigated biomass on the quality of the obtained biochar was determined and the optimal temperature of this process was defined. The quality of the investigated biomass was analysed on account of its use for energy purposes. Numerous advantageous properties of the obtained materials were found out, for instance: low content of ash and a noticeable increase of the calorific value with an increase of the pyrolysis temperature.

PL

Spalanie i współspalanie biomasy różnego pochodzenia to jedno z najczęściej stosowanych technologii w Polsce, które pozwala na zagospodarowanie licznych odpadów przemysłowych, komunalnych i rolniczych. Odpady organiczne ze względu na powszechne występowanie stanowią jedno z najbogatszych źródeł tanich biomasowych paliw stałych. W pracy dokonano oceny praktycznego wykorzystania odpadów biomasowych: łupin orzecha laskowego oraz pistacji. Zbadano wpływ temperatury (300, 450 i 550ºC) pirolizy badanej biomasy na jakość uzyskanych karbonizatów oraz określono optymalną temperaturę tego procesu. Jakość badanej biomasy analizowano pod kątem wykorzystania jej do celów energetycznych. Stwierdzono szereg korzystnych właściwości otrzymywanych materiałów, takich jak: niska zawartość popiołu i zauważalne zwiększenie wartości opałowej wraz ze wzrostem temperatury pirolizy.

3

Drzewa mniej znane. Orzech czarny

Czekalski M.

Zieleń Miejska

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2009

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Nr 10

30-30

4

Manganese (II)-1,10-phenanthroline-azo dye-potassium periodate system for kinetic spectrophotometric determination of nanogram levels of manganese

Mutaftchiev K. L.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Chemistry

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2001

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Vol. 49, No. 3

193-201

EN

The catalytic effect of manganese (II) on the oxidation of l,3-dimethyl-2 [4-N (N,N-dimethylamino) phenylazo] imidazolium perchlorate, with potassium periodate in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline in weakly acidic media is studied. The reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in the absorbance of the dye at 540 nm. A kinetic method for determination of manganese (II) is developed. Manganese (II) in the range 0.1-4.5 ng cm(-3) can be determined by the fixed-time method. The detection limit is 0.03 ng cm(-3), and the RSD is 1.0% for 2 ng cm(-3). The method is extremely sensitive, highly selective, and simple. It was applied to the determination of manganese in walnuts, monkey-nuts, and hazel-nuts. This is the first attempt to apply a kinetic method to determine manganese in these nuts. The results showed good agreement with those obtained by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.