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Niezwykłe dzieje pierwszych edycji Kitāb Ibn Fadlāna. Orientalistyka i polityka w połowie XX w.

Dziekan Marek

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

2023

T. 68, nr 2

9--17

The article is devoted to the political circumstances that infl uenced certain decisions regarding the first two editions of the travel report of the Arab traveler Ibn Fadlān from Baghdad to the Volga Bulgars (921-922). The now-famous text of the voyage account, known as the Mashhad manuscript, was discovered in 1923 by a Turkish orientalist of Bashkir origin, Ahmed Zeki Velidi Togan (1890-1970) and formed the basis of his doctoral dissertation defended at the University of Vienna in 1935. Due to various problems, the German translation (in book form) was only published in print in 1939. The same year saw the publication of a Russian translation of the voyage description by a Soviet Arabist - Andrei P. Kovalevskiy (1895-1969). Both scholars confl icted with the USSR authorities: Togan had fought with the Soviet Army in 1920-1923, while Kovalevskiy was sentenced to five years in the gulag in 1938 on (as it later turned out) a wrongful charge of counterrevolutionary activity. These circumstances unexpectedly infl uenced the scholarly study of Ibn Fadlān’s medieval work, incorporating it into the USSR’s domestic and foreign policy at the time.

Początki turkologii w Warszawie na tle ówczesnych uwarunkowań 1923–1934

Tyszkiewicz J.

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

2015

R. 60, nr 3

7--31

Archive materials enable us to find out about the beginnings of turkology in Warsaw. Polish-Asian Association (1923) organised courses in oriental languages. Later, the Oriental Knowledge School (since 1928) attached to the Oriental Institute in Warsaw was granted state subsidies. It trained officials, military men and private individuals. The Middle East Department of the School taught: Turkish language, knowledge about culture and history of Turkey. Language courses and lectures were given by some turkologists: Tadeusz Kowalski and Ananiasz Zajączkowski. Majority of lectures on social-political subjects were arranged by the authorities of the Oriental Institute. Orientalists (Lvov, Cracow, Warsaw) could not reach an agreement whether turkology studies should be organised in Lvov or developed in many universities. Support of Warsaw historians and of a prominent turkologist, Tadeusz Kowalski resulted in setting up turkology department at the Warsaw University (1.01.1934). Ananiasz Zajączkowski became the head of this department.